基于2022年9月5日泸定MS6.8地震的野外调查,结合遥感解译结果,总结了泸定地震同震地质灾害的发育特征和主控因素,研判了同震地质灾害的演化趋势,并针对同震地质灾害防灾减灾的不同阶段给出了相应的建议.结果显示:泸定地震同震地质灾害整体以小?中型崩塌、滑坡为主,集中分布在磨西镇和海螺沟、得妥镇湾东村、得妥镇大渡河沿岸三个区域;主震和余震、鲜水河活动断裂、地形地貌、特殊岩土体是泸定地震同震崩滑空间分布的主控因素;泸定地震震后地质灾害在未来十年内会极为活跃,需要密切关注磨西河和支沟、大渡河河谷两侧的高陡岸坡、大渡河高阶地、磨西台地边缘区域以及磨西镇、得妥镇同震崩滑密集发育的泥石流沟谷.根据同震地质灾害应急防范的管理逻辑,建议地方政府按照过渡性安置详查阶段、恢复重建阶段、长远规划阶段三个阶段来针对性地开展地质灾害的防灾减灾工作.

为了研究矩形截面空心桩和圆形截面空心桩的支挡效果及破坏模式,文章利用压力盒、应变片、钢筋计等传感器装置,开展室内模型试验.研究表明:矩形截面空心桩和圆形截面空心桩桩身最大弯矩分布在滑面上下约5 cm处,分布范围约占桩体自由段长度的1/4～ 1/2;空心桩桩身集水孔的布置会导致桩体承载能力有所降低,交错布置集水孔时,承载力约降低10％,竖排直线布置承载力约降低25％;圆形截面空心桩破坏时表现为沿滑面受剪破坏,而矩形截面空心桩表现为受压破坏.结果显示矩形截面空心桩的承载能力和抗弯能力优于圆形截面空心桩,在空心抗滑桩设计中应加强桩底至滑面以上1/2范围内的结构配筋,空心桩集水孔宜采用交错布置.

The red bed area in southwest of China often occurs many geological disasters, and causes serious casualties and property losses. The argillation intercalations were widely distributed in southwest red bed region, it was the worst of the engineering characteristics, structural planes in rock mass slope and was the key to red layer in southwest slope geological hazard control factors, along with all kinds of engineering geological problems. Based on many different period time sampling different intensity of hydration of clay layer, after the indoor experimental re-search and analysis, the mineral composition, chemical elements and microstructure change rule of the evolution process were obtained from argillaceous rock to argillation intercalations in southweast area. According to test results of experiment, the evolution process is divided into three stages:ion exchange adsorption stage, minerals dissolved stage, mineral production phase stage.