总结14例亲缘性活体小肠移植患者术后早期并发症的护理要点,为临床护理提供借鉴.护理内容如下:成立跨学科合作团队,根据术后早期并发症不同特点,针对性地进行治疗和护理;注重肠造口窗的观察和凝血功能的监测,预防血管吻合口血栓形成;尽早发现并积极协助止血处理;监测感染征象,实行严格的感染防控策略;加强排斥反应监测和用药管理.该组移植受体术后30 d内发生5例出血、5例感染、2例急性排斥反应,1例放弃治疗,1例死亡.经及时准确的监测、治疗和护理,12例患者移植肠存活且功能良好,术后(20.58±5.79)d停止肠外营养,逐步恢复经口进食.

Objective To explore the feasibility of continuous care with stoma group as the main group to re-duce skin injury around enterostomy. Methods A total of 109 patients who received enterostomy between December 2016 and February 2018 in this hospital were selected as the study subjects, and were divided into 54 patients in the control group and 55 patients in the observation group by random number table. The control group was treated with rou-tine nursing, while the observation group was treated with continuing nursing. At the end of nursing, the nursing effect, self-care level and nursing satisfaction rate of the two groups were compared. Results The incidence of skin injury a-round enterostomy in the two groups was 23. 64% and 42. 59% , respectively, higher in the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ) . After nursing, all the scores and total scores of self-care level in the two groups were higher than before nursing, and the observation group was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05) . The nursing satisfaction rates of the two groups were 96. 63% and 79. 63% , respectively. The observation group was significantly higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions Continuous nursing with stoma group as the main group has a good effect in reducing skin injury around enterostomy, which can improve the satisfaction rate of nursing and the level of self-care of patients, and has the value of application and promotion.

产单核细胞李斯特菌广泛存在于环境中,主要通过污染的食物感染人,可以是散发或爆发,多见于夏末秋初.围产期母婴感染后起病急,进展快,新生儿尤其是早产儿死亡率较高.本文就1例围产期母婴感染产单核细胞李斯特菌的临床诊治过程进行总结报道,为临床的诊断和治疗提供经验.

目的 研究ELTD1基因在人结直肠正常上皮细胞和肿瘤细胞之间的表达差异,明确其表达蛋白的细胞定位.方法 分别抽提对数生长期的人结直肠癌LoVo细胞株和正常上皮细胞NCM460细胞株的总RNA,RT-PCR半定量技术扩增靶基因ELTD1和内参基因B2M(β2微球蛋白)的mRNA,利用ELTD1/B2M光密度比值来表示细胞ELTD1 mRNA的相对表达量;Western blot法检测2种细胞株靶蛋白ELTD1和内参蛋白GAPDH,利用ELTD1/GAPDH比值来表示ELTD1蛋白的相对表达量;间接免疫荧光技术检测LoVo细胞ELTD1蛋白的细胞定位.结果 LoVo细胞和NCM460细胞的ELTD1/B2M灰度比值分别为0.83±0.07和0.11±0.04,ELTD1/GAPDH灰度比值分别是0.74±0.1和0.12±0.04,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),荧光显微镜下,可见黄绿色荧光信号定位于细胞膜.结论 ELTD1基因在正常上皮NCM460细胞极低表达,而在人结直肠癌LoVo细胞株高表达,ELTD1蛋白定位于细胞膜,ELTD1是一种有助于结直肠癌的早期诊断、靶向治疗、疗效判断及预后的潜在生物标志分子.

目的 观察术前疼痛教育对结直肠癌手术患者术后康复的影响.方法 将50例结直肠癌手术患者按随机数字表分为对照组和观察组各25例.对照组行常规肛肠外科术前宣教,观察组在常规宣教基础上强化疼痛知识及评分方法 教育.术后3 d进行镇痛需求、镇痛治疗满意度、睡眠时间及首次肛门排气时间、首次下床时间的评估.结果 观察组术后镇痛需求及镇痛治疗满意率明显高于对照组,术后睡眠时间多于对照组,术后首次下床活动时间、首次肛门排气时间及住院天数少于对照组.结论 术前疼痛教育能提高结直肠癌手术患者术后镇痛治疗满意度及疗效,有利于术后康复.

护理工作是医疗工作的重要组成部分,护理工作的提高,有助于缓解患者的痛苦,提高患者的生命质量[1].医院护理品管圈模式在新加坡、澳大利亚等已得到广泛应用,在患者管理、患者日常护理、术后护理、药品使用等方面取得良好效果.在国内,虽然不同地区医院相继推出了相应适合本单位的品管圈模式,但均处于摸索阶段,缺乏成熟的机制.

报道1例应用体外膜肺氧合治疗肺栓塞患者的监护与护理要点，从基础生命指标监测、病人管理、并发症的预防与监护三方面对患者进行全面护理。

<正>外阴癌是一种少见的恶性肿瘤,仅占妇科恶性肿瘤的3%~5%,占女性恶性肿瘤的1%~2%,常见于60岁以上的妇女[1],其发病因素常与性病史、外阴及阴道感染、慢性外阴刺激、糖尿病、高血

舌根癌早期不易发现,一般发现已处于晚期,且具有很高的淋巴结转移倾向,预后较差[1].舌根癌Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者,手术、放射治疗可达到根治目的,对于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者采用手术和放射联合的综合治疗[2].2008年11月,本院收治1例舌根癌Ⅲ期伴颈部转移特大伤口不愈患者,经放射治疗后取得良好效果,现将护理报告如下.