A method for activated carbon production from pine nut shells by pyrolysis technology followed by steam-gas activation is considered. The process of thermal decomposition of sample in an inert environment was studied; the main stages of the process were identified; the residual mass was determined. The iodine adsorption activity, total pore volume, mass fraction of moisture, mass fraction of ash, and specific surface area were found. The experiments have shown that the production technology is efficient and the raw material is promising for activated carbon production.

A numerical model is developed for simulation of the propagation of a light bullet in LiF crystal and the formation of a colored track. The model reproduces the previously observed longitudinal oscillations in the concentration of color centers in the track and oscillations in the track width. For the first time, the phase shift between these oscillations is numerically reproduced.

The paper considers the problem of detecting distorted data using a multimodal approach. Various methods of classification are being investigated. In the course of experimental studies, it was found that the best results are demonstrated by the method based on the pre-trained multimodal RUDOLPH model. The highest value of the F1 metric is 0.841.

Supporting the current trend in the AI community, we present the AI Journey 2021 Challenge called Fusion Brain, the first competition which is targeted to make the universal architecture which could process different modalities (in this case, images, texts, and code) and solve multiple tasks for vision and language. The Fusion Brain Challenge combines the following specific tasks: Code2code Translation, Handwritten Text recognition, Zero-shot Object Detection, and Visual Question Answering. We have created datasets for each task to test the participants' submissions on it. Moreover, we have collected and made publicly available a new handwritten dataset in both English and Russian, which consists of 94,128 pairs of images and texts. We also propose a multimodal and multitask architecture - a baseline solution, in the center of which is a frozen foundation model and which has been trained in Fusion mode along with Single-task mode. The proposed Fusion approach proves to be competitive and more energy-efficient compared to the task-specific one.

This work is a continuation of a cycle of research by the authors aimed at studying the laws of liquid hydrocarbon combustion under steam supply conditions as applied to the development of low-emission burners. When simulating numerically diesel fuel combustion, n-heptane (formula C 7 H 16 ) is used as a one-component analogue. Reliable experimental data are required to verify the obtained results. In this work, for the first time, the combustion parameters of n-heptane are experimentally studied when it is sprayed with superheated steam in a new laboratory atmospheric burner with forced air supply to the gas generation chamber. The calculation results are compared with the data on diesel fuel. The performed comparison shows that the characters of gas component dependences inside the flame for diesel and heptane differ. This is primarily due to the different densities, viscosities of fuels, their flammability and burning rate (depending, among other things, on the forced supply of air (oxidizer)). At that, a quantitative comparison shows that the values of gas components at the flame boundary are quite close to each other. The effect of ongoing physicochemical processes in the presence of steam (gasification, hydrocarbon splitting, combustible mixture dilution, the formation of active OH radicals) on the composition of final combustion products is higher than the effect of fuel properties. It is shown that during the combustion of n-heptane atomized by a steam jet, all the main features characteristic of diesel combustion with steam supply are retained. High efficiency of fuel combustion and low level of toxic emissions into the atmosphere are ensured, which satisfies the European standard EN:267. With an increase in the share of steam in the combustible mixture, the tendency to a CO and NO x decrease remains. The air flow control in the gas generation chamber of the burner allows further regulation of the level of toxic combustion products released into the atmosphere. The dynamics of dependences of CO and NO x emissions repeats for heptane and diesel with some local differences. Also, the paper analyzes the correctness of n-heptane applicability for the problems of numerical simulation of diesel combustion in a steam jet with the indicated assumptions.

Electrically conductive composite materials based on polybenzimidazole and aromatic polyamide matrices with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are studied. Composites are obtained from SWCNT dispersions in solutions of polybenzimidazole and aromatic polyamide in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone by the same procedure. Composites based on the poly-2,2′-p-oxydiphenylene-5,5′-dibenzimidazole (OPBI) matrix with a SWCNT concentration less than 1 wt.% are shown to be not electrically conductive unlike those based on the poly-m-phenylene-isophthalamide (MPA) matrix (electrically conductive even with a SWCNT concentration of 0.1 wt.%). This feature is related to different morphologies of the composites: in OPBI-based composites, nanotubes are more effectively separated by the polymer matrix due to the π–π interaction of OPBI macromolecules with SWCNTs. The microstructure is analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It is revealed that in the case of the OPBI- matrix, nanotubes are separate SWCNTs or bundles with a smaller diameter and a more uniform volume distribution compared to the MPA-matrix. This feature of the morphology is reflected in temperature dependences of the electrical resistance measured from room temperature down to 4.2 K. In the case of the OPBI-matrix, the electrical resistance changes more with temperature, which also indicates the better separation of SWCNTs in the OPBI- matrix than in the MPA one.

Уважаемые коллеги!Благодарим Вас за проявленный интерес к Четвертой российской конференции «Графен: молекула и 2D кристалл» и желание принять участие в её работе.Конференция проходит в научно-образовательном центре города Новосибирска -Академгородке.Мероприятие посвящено актуальным направлениям исследований и разработок в области углеродных и низкоразмерных материалов.Проведение конференции поможет координации усилий ученых в решении современных проблем материаловедения и привлечению молодых исследователей для решения актуальных научных задач.Оргкомитет выражает особую благодарность НГУ, Центру компетенций НТИ «Моделирование и разработка новых функциональных материалов с заданными свойствами», компаниям «Диаэм», «НТ-МДТ Спектрум Инструментс» и корпорации "Графеновая Долина" за финансовую поддержку и журналам Аналитика, Наноиндустрия и РЭНСИТ за информационную поддержку.Искренне надеемся, что пребывание в Новосибирском Академгородке и в стенах Новосибирского государственного университета оставит множество положительных эмоций и

It is known that simple adding of wood allows one to accelerate the ignition of powder mixtures compared to the situation when pure coal is used. This study focuses on testing the hypothesis about the effect of co-milling coal and wood on their co-firing: is the case of composite powdered fuels should ensure the maximum possible efficiency of heat and mass transfer? Firstly, we will show that co-milling of coal and wood leads not independent size reduction of two materials but gives composite powder – coal-covered wood. For the composite fuel further reduction of the ignition delay time of air suspension and reduction of the limit volume concentration required for flame propagation have demonstrated. Obtained synergy also manifests in thermogravimetry. Here we propose a simple method for analyzing the mass loss curves. For any coal-to-wood sawdust ratio, combustion of the composites and mixtures both can be viewed as a weighted sum of the curves of individual components. But only in the case of composites calculated sawdust content is higher than the actual one: the mass loss is redistributed towards the stage occurring at lower temperatures due to geometry of wood/coal contact.

High-temperature composite materials comprising single-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in a polybenzimidazole (PBI) polymer matrix with a weight percentage of nanotubes from 1 to 5% were prepared and characterized. Film composite samples were prepared by flow-coating from dispersions of nanotubes in 2% PBI solution in N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The temperature dependences of electrical resistance of the composites were studied in the range from room temperature to 300°C in a high vacuum at a pressure less than 1 × 10 –3 Pa. The first heating cycle to 300°C gave rise to an increase in room-temperature electrical resistance of the samples due to the desorption of oxygen from the nanotubes. For the composites containing 5 and 1% nanotubes, the change was about 1.4 and 500 times, respectively. This increase was reversible: when the samples were transferred to the ambient air, the electrical resistance relaxed to its initial value. The thermal stability of the composites was proved by the repeatability of the subsequent heating cycles and by thermogravimetric analysis.

The roughness parameter Rz and the anisotropy of the surface free energy (ASFE) of a rubbed polymer layer (aligning layer) bounding a ferroelectric smectic C * liquid crystal (FLC) in liquid crystal cells are measured. The dependences of the ASFE and Rz on the aligning layer thickness L are measured for the first time. The concept of the free energy anisotropy (FEA) of a rough surface layer is introduced for the first time. The dependence of the FEA of the rough surface layer on the aligning layer thickness is measured. It is experimentally shown that the polydomain FLC structure transformation in liquid-crystal cells into a monodomain one occurs as a threshold transition, when the FEA value of the rough aligning layer exceeds a certain critical value.

The paper deals with the numerical study of aerodynamics and heat transfer for a case of a four-vortex furnace chamber designed for jet fire of brown coal from the Eastern-region coalfields. The combustion modeling is achieved by a set of linked submodels: they describe turbulent gas flow, thermal and radiative heat transfer, processes of degradation and burning for coal particles, and NOx generation. Simulation demonstrated that using of these types of brown coal in a specific-design furnace chamber creates a steady four-vortex flow structure that provides a uniform temperature field in the volume and admissible generation of NOx.

Одним из возможных путей повышения эффективности функционирования сложных систем является метод когерентной работы отдельных элементов системы. Повышение эффективности работы материалорежущего оборудования возможно путем обеспечения оптимального положения между валом приводного электродвигателя и жестко связанного с ним напрямую режущего инструмента. Оптимальное взаимное положение вала приводного электродвигателя и режущего инструмента можно достичь при совмещении максимумов генерируемого и потребляемого крутящего момента. Любое отклонение взаимного положения максимума генерируемого и минимума потребляемого крутящего момента приводит к знакопеременным колебаниям крутящего момента в системе вращающихся масс "вал приводного электродвигателя–режущий инструмент". Недостаток генерируемого крутящего момента для преодоления потребного крутящего момента ведет к увеличению скольжения приводного электродвигателя и локальному снижению коэффициента полезного действия в течение примерно 180 градусов угла поворота вала приводного электродвигателя.

In this paper, the co-combustion process of coal-water slurry (CWS) and pulverized coal fuel (PCF) in E500 pilot boiler when using staged afterburning scheme, was investigated based on numerical simulation. A complex three-dimensional mathematical model and numerical methodology was used to describe the CWS and PCF co-combustion, as well as subprocesses in the combustion chamber. The proposed mathematical model was tested based on data obtained from a full-scale experiment. A good compliance was shown between the computational results and the experimental data. A detailed comparative analysis of the effect of changes in the design of a pilot boiler when using a three-stage combustion scheme and the flare-drip combustion technology for CWS on the physical-chemical processes in the combustion chamber and environmental indicators was carried out for the first time. The change of circulation zones depending on the method of coal fuel supply during three-stage combustion was investigated. Calculations have shown that the implementation of the proposed changes reduced the underburning of solid carbon from 1.9% to 0.51%. It was revealed that using CWS as a reducing agent diminishes the amount of harmful NOx emissions by more than 40% compared to the basic version.

Уважаемые коллеги!Благодарим Вас за проявленный интерес к Четвертой российской конференции «Графен: молекула и 2D кристалл» и желание принять участие в её работе.Конференция проходит в научно-образовательном центре города Новосибирска -Академгородке.Мероприятие посвящено актуальным направлениям исследований и разработок в области углеродных и низкоразмерных материалов.Проведение конференции поможет координации усилий ученых в решении современных проблем материаловедения и привлечению молодых исследователей для решения актуальных научных задач.Оргкомитет выражает особую благодарность НГУ, Центру компетенций НТИ «Моделирование и разработка новых функциональных материалов с заданными свойствами», компаниям «Диаэм», «НТ-МДТ Спектрум Инструментс» и корпорации "Графеновая Долина" за финансовую поддержку и журналам Аналитика, Наноиндустрия и РЭНСИТ за информационную поддержку.Искренне надеемся, что пребывание в Новосибирском Академгородке и в стенах Новосибирского государственного университета оставит множество положительных эмоций и

Cs 2 MoO 4 and Li 1.9 Cs 0.1 MoO 4 crystals were grown from melt by the low-thermal-gradient Czochralski technique. The standard formation enthalpy of cesium molybdate Cs 2 MoO 4 was measured by solution calorimetry. The heat capacity of Li 1.9 Cs 0.1 MoO 4 was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the temperature range 320–710 K. The lattice enthalpy of Cs 2 MoO 4 was calculated using the Born-Haber cycle. Cesium molybdate was shown to be thermodynamically stable to decomposition into constituent simple oxides (Cs 2 O and MoO 3 ), which made it promising for application. Li 1.9 Cs 0.1 MoO 4 experienced no phase transitions in the temperature range 320–710 K.

A study is performed of the effect additives containing chromium, zirconium, silicocalcium, and carbon nanotubes have on the physical and mechanical properties of copper obtained by casting. The tensile strength increased to 10.5%, and Young’s modulus increased by 11.6–106.2%. The resistance to heat of samples modified with SiCa and Cu-Zr is enhanced by 1.9 and 1.5 times, respectively, while modifying samples with nanotubes reduces their resistance to heat by 1.2–1.8 times.

— A possible way to improve the operation efficiency of complicated systems is the method of coherent operation of individual system elements. The operation efficiency of a machine tool can be improved by provision of its optimum position between the electric motor drive and a rigidly coupled cutting tool. The optimum mutual position of the electric motor shaft and the cutting tool can be achieved by coincidence of the maximums of the generated and consumed torque. Any deviation of the mutual position of the maximums of generated and consumed torque leads to alternating oscillations of torque in the system of rotating bodies: electric motor shaft–cutting tool. A drawback of the generated torque against required torque leads to an increase in sliding of the electric motor and a local decrease in efficiency for about 180 degrees of rotation of the electric motor shaft.

Solution to the problem of improvement in the efficiency of material cutting equipment is an important task in the development of modern mechanical engineering and related areas of science and technology. Various material cutting methods are available at present: mechanical, hydromechanical (hydroabrasive), electrical discharge, plasma, laser, and others. Further improvement in the efficiency of the operation of material cutting equipment is related to the development of rapid methods and tools for monitoring the efficiency of cutting processes. The existing strain gauge means for monitoring the cutting power of materials are limited by the output signal frequency of up to 100 kHz. High-speed control of the efficiency of cutting processes can be carried out on the basis of the developed dynamic method and traditional controls of high-performance material processing equipment with an output signal frequency of up to 1 MHz.

Numerical studies of the processes of oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal (PC) in an industrial boiler BKZ 500-140-1 (with a capacity of about 400 MW) were carried out in this work. The proposed comprehensive mathematical model was tested based on data from a full-scale experiment (2.4 MW laboratory stand) of oxy-fuel combustion of PC. The conducted comparison has shown a good agreement of the calculation results with the experimental data. A detailed comparative analysis of the effect of the operating modes of the BKZ 500-140-1 industrial boiler during oxy-fuel combustion of coal on physical and chemical processes and the level of harmful emissions (NOx, CO2) was performed for the first time. The effect of oxygen concentration and CO2/H2O ratio in the blast on the processes of ignition and combustion of fuel in a nitrogen-free environment has been studied. It is shown that when nitrogen in the blast composition is replaced with flue gases without changing the oxygen concentration in the boiler under study, the average temperature in the furnace volume declines, as well as the average heat flux at the walls decreases from 87.35 to 70.32 kW/m2. To achieve the standard operating pa-rameters of the BKZ 500-140-1 industrial boiler, it is necessary to increase the oxygen concentration in the blast from 15.4 to 19.7 vol.% (i.e. by 28%). The implementation of the oxy-fuel combustion technology on a steam boiler leads to a decrease in the NOx concentration in flue gases from 480 to 273 mg/m3.

В работе исследованы композиционные электропроводящие материалы на основе матриц полибензимидазола и ароматического полиамида с одностенными углеродными нанотрубками (ОУНТ). Композиты получены из дисперсий ОУНТ в растворах полибензимидазола и ароматического полиамида в N-метил-2-пирролидоне по одинаковой методике. Показано, что композиты на основе матрицы поли-2,2’-п-оксидифенилен-5,5’-дибензимидазола (ОПБИ) при содержании ОУНТ менее 1 % (масс.) не являются электропроводящими, в отличие от композитов на основе матрицы поли-м-фенилен-изофталамида (МПА), которые являются электропроводящими даже при содержании ОУНТ 0.1 % (масс.). Данная особенность связана с различной морфологией композитов—в случае композитов на основе ОПБИ нанотрубки более эффективно разделены полимерной матрицей за счет π-π взаимодействия макромолекул ОПБИ с ОУНТ. Микроструктура исследована методами сканирующей и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии—показано, что в случае ОПБИ нанотрубки находятся в виде отдельных ОУНТ или пучков меньших по диаметру и с более равномерным распределением в объеме по сравнению с МПА. Данная особенность морфологии отражается на температурных зависимостях электросопротивления, измеренных от комнатной температуры до 4.2 К. В случае ОПБИ-матрицы электросопротивление заметно сильнее изменяется с температурой, что также свидетельствует о лучшем разделении ОУНТ в матрице ОПБИ по сравнению с МПА.