The dynamics of the phase transition (PT) in triglycine sulfate crystals, either nominally pure or doped in different ways (upon homogeneous and profiled impurity introduction into the crystal) with chrome impurity (Сr 3+ ), has been studied by analyzing the dielectric spectra measured in the ranges of frequencies 1–10 7 Hz and temperatures 23–60°C upon heating and cooling. It is shown that the introduction of impurity shifts the PT temperature range both upon heating and cooling. The PT temperature dynamics is found to depend both on the presence of impurity and on the way of its introduction into the crystal. The dependence of the width of the PT temperature range on the frequency at which the dielectric spectra were measured was shown to increase directly proportion to frequency.

The influence of a permanent magnetic field on macro- and nanoscopic properties of triglycine sulfate (TGS) crystals with impurity chromium (TGS-Cr) has been investigated. This work continues the previous studies of magnetically induced effects in ferroelectrics. A specific feature of TGS crystals is the presence of a nanoscale relief on a polar (010) cleavage; this nanorelief is a qualitative characteristic of the crystal defect structure. It is shown that the exposure of a crystal in a magnetic field of 2 T leads to a change in its dielectric properties, accompanied by a long-term transformation of the nanorelief. The results obtained are indicative of a magnetically induced change in the defect crystal structure. A qualitative difference is found between the magnetically induced effects in TGS-Cr crystals and undoped TGS crystals. The relationship between the magnetically induced effects and structural defects is discussed.

The effect of the porosity of a silicon layer containing macropores on the elastic and thermomechanical properties of SiC/Si substrates obtained by the atomic substitution method has been studied. The calculation of the elastic constants of porous silicon is performed by the finite element method. The results of calculating of Young’s modulus in the [111] direction agree with the estimates obtained by the method of nanoindentation of SiC/Si (111) substrates. The derived theoretical model can be used to determine the elastic properties of SiC/Si substrates of various orientations.

The temperature evolution of the dielectric spectra of TGS–TGS + Cr crystals (TGS stands for triglycine sulfate) with a periodic distribution of chromium impurity (Cr3+) has been studied in comparison with nominally pure TGS crystals in the frequency range from 10 to 107 Hz upon heating and cooling. It is shown that impurity crystals are characterized by the absence of dielectric dispersion in both measurement modes. An approach is proposed to explain the peculiarities of the dielectric dispersion of crystals with a periodic distribution of chromium impurity from the standpoint of mobile activity of certain elements of the TGS crystal structure.

Temperature dynamics of the dielectric spectra and domain structure in the triglycine sulfate (TGS) hydrogen-containing ferroelectric under heating and cooling has been studied using the dielectric spectroscopy and atomic-force microscopy methods. The dielectric spectra are analyzed by the temperature-frequency dependences of the losses ε″ and by the temperature behavior of the maximum losses ε″max in the dispersion region at frequencies ranging from 102 to 106 Hz. A dynamic conductivity model is proposed for calculating temperature dependences of losses ε″max. The domain structure dynamics during the heating and cooling of the TGS crystal near the phase transition is studied using the in situ piezoresponse force microscopy. It is experimentally and theoretically shown that the relaxation dispersion is governed by the binding of strongly correlated dipoles with the main lattice that serves as a thermostat.

A superbright X-ray source with a radiation temperature of ~1.2 keV making it possible to create a solid-state plasma whose kinetics is determined by the radiative processes has been implemented under the impact of a 170-TW pulse of the PEARL femtosecond laser facility on an aluminum target with submicron thickness. The diagnostics of the created plasma is performed by X-ray spectral methods using spectral transitions in hollow multicharged ions.

The temperature transformation of submillimeter dielectric spectra of Rochelle salt is analyzed within the framework of dynamic conductance model. The branched network of hydrogen bonds and crystallization water molecules in Rochelle salt is supposed to form a quasi-localized vibrational mode in the crystal spectrum. This mode determines the resonant dielectric response at helium temperatures, which with an increase in temperature is transformed into the relaxation response of diffusion motion.

An original experimental stand is presented, aimed at studying the impact of high-energy protons, produced by the laser-plasma interaction at a petawatt power level, on biological objects. In the course of pilot experiments with the energy of laser-accelerated protons up to , the possibility is demonstrated of transferring doses up to to the object of study in a single shot with the magnetic separation of protons from parasitic X-ray radiation and fast electrons. The technique of irradiating the cell culture HeLa Kyoto and measuring the fraction of survived cells is developed. The ways of optimising the parameters of proton beams and the suitable methods of their separation with respect to energy and transporting to the studied living objects are discussed. The construction of the stand is intended for the improvement of laser technologies for hadron therapy of malignant neoplasms.

A concept of analyzing complex dielectric spectra under the assumption of a simultaneous contribution from two dispersion mechanisms to the dielectric response is proposed. It allows describing complex dielectric spectra of ferroelectrics and some conducting materials with unusual dispersions.