Outdoor artificial light, an increasingly prevalent form of environmental pollution, has been progressively linked to mental health outcomes. However, its association with depressive symptoms among individuals already diagnosed with depression remains unconfirmed. This study used a large sample of patients with depression (n = 3072), employing satellite imagery to estimate outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) exposure at patients' residential locations and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to assess depressive symptoms. First, latent profile analysis was conducted to categorize depression patients, with each category named based on its characteristics. Then, using the low-depression group as a reference, the association between high-depression groups and outdoor ALAN exposure was examined. After adjusting for all potential variables, the odds ratios remained statistically significant. Patients in the depressive-stagnation despair subtype showed a 2.394-fold increase in depressive symptoms (95% CI: 1.059-5.413), while those in the high-depression-low-weight subtype showed a 2.155-fold increase (95% CI:1.196-3.882). These findings suggest that outdoor ALAN exposure is significantly associated with depressive symptoms in patients with depression, indicating it may represent an environmental factor contributing to the severity of depressive symptoms in this population.

The use of digital technologies is inevitable in modern society, but their overuse is a problem that is worthy of public attention. This study explored the personality traits that cause proneness to excessive screen time, applying latent profile analysis to build personality profiles using the Big Five personality traits and assessing the psychological entitlement of 4,874 Chinese adolescents. We also constructed parallel mediation models to examine the mediating effect of psychological capital and life stress between different personality profiles and screen- time duration. We identified three unique personality profiles, which showed that adolescents with more sociable and outgoing personality traits reported shorter daily screen times. Moreover, psychological capital mediated the link between personality profiles and screen time, although the mediating effect of life stress was nonsignificant. Our findings have implications for the formulation of target-specific interventions to reduce the daily screen time of adolescents and promote their overall well-being.

Teachers’use of digital resources, emphasis on ICT competencies, and use of creative pedagogies are increasingly important for high-quality education, yet their relationships may depend on teachers’ working conditions. Guided by the Job Demands–Resources model, this study examined how teachers’ use of digital resources, emphasis on ICT competencies, openness to creativity, creative values, and use of creative pedagogies were associated across different teacher demand–resource profiles. Data were drawn from the PISA 2022 teacher questionnaire. Latent profile analysis identified two distinct groups of teachers: a low-demand, high-resource group and a high-demand, low-resource group. The results showed that teachers in the low-demand, high-resource group reported significantly higher levels of teachers’use of digital resources, emphasis on ICT competencies, openness to creativity, creative values, and use of creative pedagogies than those in the high-demand, low-resource group. Network analysis further indicated that these practices and beliefs were closely interconnected within both groups, but the overall network structure differed significantly between them. These findings suggest that teachers’digital engagement and creativity-related beliefs and practices are shaped not only by individual capability, but also by the balance between job demands and available resources. From a practical perspective, schools and policymakers should reduce excessive work demands while strengthening instructional support, access to digital resources, and opportunities for professional development, so that teachers can more effectively integrate digital resources and foster creativity in classroom practice.

BACKGROUND:Although compassion fatigue has received significant attention in nursing management, compassion satisfaction has been less studied. PURPOSE:This study was designed to elucidate the positive and negative trends in nursing empathy from a dialectical perspective and investigate the impact of difficult nurse-patient relationship on compassion fatigue and satisfaction, and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2022 at a tertiary hospital in a northeastern province of China on 1,756 nurses. A moderated mediation model was constructed using structural equation modeling, and multi-group comparative analysis was used to examine the differences in the proposed model. RESULTS:After adjusting for controlled variables, empathic concern and personal distress were shown to mediate the relationship between difficult nurse-patient relationship and, respectively, compassion satisfaction and burnout. Personal distress was found to mediate the relationship between difficult nurse-patient relationship and secondary traumatic stress, while self-reflection was found to moderate the effect of difficult nurse-patient relationship on empathic concern. Finally, differences in the structural model were detected between those with and without hospital traumatic experience. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:The findings reveal the mechanisms and boundary conditions underlying difficult nurse-patient relationship that influence compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. Interventions that increase the level of self-reflection and empathic concern may help reduce burnout and increase compassion satisfaction in nurses.

Background Good cognitive function and positive attitudes toward own aging (ATOA) are important factors in promoting healthy aging. However, existing research has rarely explored the interrelationship between the developmental trajectories of cognitive ability and ATOA in older adults. Moreover, studies on the association between subjective socioeconomic status (SSS) and these two trajectories are also limited. Methods This study utilized data from 741 older adults who participated in three waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2011, 2014, and 2017). Cognitive ability was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), ATOA with a two-item ATOA scale, and SSS with a single self-rated item. Linear latent growth models were applied to analyze the developmental trajectories of cognitive ability and ATOA. Additionally, this study used the (conditional) parallel latent growth model to examine the associations between these two trajectories, as well as the relationship between baseline SSS and the two trajectories. Results This study found that both cognitive ability and ATOA in older adults decline linearly with age. In the parallel latent growth model, higher baseline cognitive level predicted a more positive baseline ATOA and a slower rate of decline in ATOA. However, under the current reverse model specification, baseline ATOA or its rate of decline did not significantly predict cognitive ability (including both baseline level and rate of decline). Additionally, higher baseline SSS predicted higher baseline cognitive level and a more positive baseline ATOA. Meanwhile, higher baseline SSS was also linked to a slower rate of cognitive decline. Conclusions This study suggests a close relationship between the trajectories of cognitive ability and ATOA in older adults. As an important social-psychological variable, SSS plays a significant role in both trajectories. Therefore, all parties in society should increase attention to vulnerable groups among older adults, focus on preserving their cognitive abilities, and help them develop positive ATOA, in order to promote healthy aging.

With the evolving structure of modern internet gaming, adolescent internet gaming disorder (IGD) has become an increasingly serious public health concern demanding societal attention. Recent research has shifted towards employing more robust machine learning algorithms to explore key risk factors for adolescent IGD. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of adolescent IGD through the application of multiple machine learning algorithms and path analysis model. Consequently, this study utilized four machine learning algorithms to screen 15 risk factors from a large sample of 4501 adolescents (the average age was 14.23 ± 1.43 years, 52.3% girls) in a Chinese province, identifying the top four significant features (craving, avatar identification, character attachment, and ego-identification). Subsequently, a path analysis model grounded in the I-PACE theoretical framework was constructed to elucidate the developmental pathways of adolescent IGD. Results revealed one direct pathway (accounting for 42.2% of total effect) and five indirect pathways (mediation effect comprising 57.8%), substantiating the key pathway mechanisms of avatar identification and character attachment. The findings suggest that avatar identification represents a novel risk factor for adolescent IGD warranting greater attention. Adolescents seeking ego-identity within virtual gaming spaces may develop cognitive and emotional responses that constitute a novel pathway to gaming addiction.

In recent years, suicide rates among school students have been steadily increasing, accompanied by a progressive decline in the age at which individuals engage in suicidal behaviors. Notably, suicidal ideation represents a critical risk factor in suicide prevention. The present study investigates the cause of suicidal ideation in school students by examining the influence of psychological characteristics and school-related stressors. A survey was distributed to 37,586 primary and secondary school students in Northeast China which access the status of depression, happiness, school-related stress, and suicidal ideation among school students. Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified four mental health profiles: Complete Mental Health, Vulnerable, Symptomatic but Content, and Troubled. Network analysis has identified significant positive correlations between suicidal ideation and school stress, particularly bullying, exam failures, and academic decline. These findings suggested that tailored mental health strategies should be used to promote well-being and prevent suicide in school students.

TThe purpose of this study was to validate a proposed theoretical model of adolescent internet gaming disorders from a reality-virtual perspective. A questionnaire survey was conducted using random stratified cluster sampling on 3,058 middle school students with internet gaming experience, drawn from four middle schools in a province in northern China. The research tools included measures of ego identity, avatar identification, ego depletion, and the internet gaming disorder (IGD) scale. The study’s results revealed that avatar identity mediated the relationship between ego identity and IGD, with a mediation effect of 25%. Additionally, ego depletion was found to moderate the relationship between ego identity and avatar identity/avatar identity and IGD. These findings highlight the importance of considering the virtual self (avatar) in future diagnoses or interventions for IGD.

Previous research on adolescents’ subjective well-being has not focused on the transition from late adolescence to early adulthood. Moreover, explorations of the factors influencing adolescents’ subjective well-being have mostly focused on a single level or variable. This study aimed to identify the different developmental trajectories of adolescents’ subjective well-being during this transition period and the influencing factors at different levels. This study used data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies to longitudinally track 625 adolescents aged 16–19 years in 2014 for six years. This study adopted multi-party reports and collected data on four levels of adolescents: individuals, networks, families, and communities. Using the latent class growth model to distinguish the different developmental trajectories of adolescents’ subjective well-being. Then, the environment-wide association study (EnWAS) was used to explore the factors influencing the categories of adolescents’ subjective well-being trajectories. This study identified three different developmental trajectories of subjective well-being: High initial level—relatively stable group, Medium initial level—rapidly decreasing group, Low initial level—slowly rising group. The results of EnWAS confirmed that there are 15 modifiable factors associated with the trajectory classification of adolescents’ subjective well-being. The final multiple logistic regression model revealed the household book collection, tidiness of the home, desired level of education, future confidence, interpersonal relationships, social trust, sleep duration (marginal condition), all of which have significant impacts on adolescents’ subjective well-being. Adolescents’ subjective well-being trajectories from late adolescence to early adulthood show great heterogeneity. Adolescents’ subjective well-being may be more influenced by the personal and family environment. Targeted interventions for various modifiable factors can significantly enhance adolescents’ subjective well-being.

Network theory suggests psychopathology reflects causal links between individual and psychological symptoms. However, most studies on internet gaming disorder (IGD) are cross-sectional, impeding causal conclusions and challenging IGD treatment in adolescents. Hence, our study employs cross-sectional and cross-lagged network analyses to investigate the link between adolescents' psychological traits and IGD. A longitudinal study with 1186 adolescents, surveyed in October 2022 and 2023, reveals developmental variability in IGD's core symptoms, implying a changing network outcome. The results of the study found that “Compensatory online game use” at T1 was the strongest predictor of subsequent IGD at T2. In contrast, “Low self-control” in the T2 network is the symptom most likely to be influenced. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between psychological characteristics and IGD among adolescents, offering valuable insights that can inform and improve prevention and intervention programs aimed at effectively addressing this issue.

Although numerous early studies have reported a significant positive association between adolescent internet gaming disorder and depression, existing reviews have largely failed to systematically examine recent findings indicating that this association may have weakened or become nonsignificant. Additionally, prior reviews have lacked comprehensive quantitative analyses considering developmental stage, cultural differences, and study designs. This review aims to fill these gaps by synthesizing existing evidence to re-examine the relationship between adolescent internet gaming disorder and depression, while further exploring how different factors may moderate this association. We conducted two separate meta-analyses to explore the relationship between the two variables. By searching five major databases, a total of 11,041 relevant articles were identified. After a rigorous screening process, 46 articles were included in the meta-analysis of correlation, while 18 articles were included in the regression meta-analysis as a sensitivity analysis. A significant positive association between internet gaming disorder and depression among adolescents was found in the meta-analysis (r = 0.29). Subgroup analyses indicated that there are significant differences in the correlation between the two across Eastern and Western countries, as well as among various nations. The correlation coefficients between the two was higher in Eastern countries (reast = 0.31) compared to Western countries (rwest = 0.22). Moreover, the association was marginally significantly stronger in cross-sectional study designs (r = 0.33) than in longitudinal ones (r = 0.26). These findings were further validated through the sensitivity analysis. This review not only provides the latest quantitative evidence on the relationship between adolescent internet gaming disorder and depression but also highlights the important role of cultural context and study designs in shaping this relationship, laying a crucial literature foundation for future research on mechanisms and intervention design.

The effective use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is closely linked to improved academic performance, yet global research on this topic remains limited. This study analyzes PISA 2018 data to explore the relationship between ICT use in various contexts and reading, math, and science literacy among 248 224 15-yearolds from 52 countries/regions. The network analysis shows that students' performance in reading, math, and science is closely linked to ICT use in various contexts. Emphasis should be on developing students' ICT competence and supervising their use of ICT for learning outside school.

Future confidence, as a positive quality, demonstrates a protective effect on young people's behaviours and mental health, especially during the critical period of transition from adolescence to adulthood. However, the developmental trend of future confidence as adolescents enter early adulthood is unclear. This study used four waves of longitudinal data from the China Family Tracking Study (CFPS) 2012–2018. Totally 707 (48.7% male) samples were finalized for data analysis. The results showed that quadratic latent growth curve modelling (LGCM) is the best fit, which demonstrated an increasing and later decreasing trend. The present study found that subjective social status is positively related to the initial level of future confidence. The higher the subjective social status, the higher the initial level of future confidence, but it does not affect the subsequent trend. Academic performance was also positively correlated with initial future confidence levels, which affected subsequent trends. Specifically, the future confidence of adolescents with better academic performance exhibits a gradual decline, while the future confidence of adolescents with average and poor performance shows an initial increase followed by a decline. The findings provided an empirical basis for improving young people's confidence in the future and evidence for further research.

Background Depression has become a major public health problem in the globe. However, previous studies have rarely explored the influence of character strengths on depression in adulthood from the perspective of adult self-assessment of childhood. Based on the data obtained from a national survey, the present study aimed to explore the influence of curiosity on depression and gender differences in the internal mechanism from the perspective of adult self-assessment of childhood. Methods This study used data from the 2020 China Family Panel Study to assess participants’ childhood curiosity, future confidence, subjective social status, and depression in adulthood. The study sample included 17,162 adults. In this study, the moderated mediation model was analyzed using PROCESS 4.1 software program. Results Childhood curiosity had a strong association with depression in adulthood. For men, future confidence partially mediated the relationship between childhood curiosity and depression in adulthood. For women, future confidence completely mediated the relationship between the two main variables. Furthermore, subjective social status moderated the relationship between future confidence and depression in adulthood. Conclusions Childhood curiosity seemed to have protective effects against depression in adulthood. In this process, future confidence served as an important mediator, and this mediating effect showed a significant gender difference. Furthermore, compared to high subjective social status, low subjective social status had a greater influence on the relationship between future confidence and depression in adulthood.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have explored the mental health of HIV-positive people. However, research specifically focusing on HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) is relatively limited. From the configuration perspective, this study explored different combines influencing depression in HIV-positive MSM using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). METHODS:Data was collected from April to July 2023. A total of 551 HIV-positive MSM served as valid samples. Participants completed electronic questionnaires, including information such as Family APGAR Index, Sense of Coherence Scale-13, Simplified Coping style Questionnaire, Templar's Death Anxiety Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9. This study simultaneously used two different analysis methods - linear regression model and fsQCA. RESULTS:In the regression model, this study found that the sense of coherence has the greatest impact on depression. Through fsQCA, this study identified four configurations that may contribute to depression in HIV-positive MSM. The sense of coherence was a core condition in each configuration. In the configuration 1a most associated with depression, the sense of coherence was absent as a core condition, death anxiety and stigma were present as core conditions, and positive coping style was absent as a peripheral condition. CONCLUSIONS:A higher sense of coherence is an important protective factor in reducing the risk of depression in HIV-positive MSM. Configurations formed by different variables all have a significant impact on depression in this study. In clinical intervention for depression of HIV-positive MSM, attention should be simultaneously paid to both internal psychological characteristics and external factors such as family environment.

Adolescent depression has become a public health problem that arouses worldwide concern. Although previous evidence has demonstrated that parental care is associated with adolescent depression, the mechanisms behind this relationship are not fully understood. This study aims to explore the role of adolescent social trust and subjective well-being in the relationship between parental care and adolescent depression. The sample was adolescents aged 10 to 18 (N = 2,727; Mage = 13.62; 1,428 boys) from the 2020 China Family Panel Study (CFPS), a large-scale national survey in China collected through multi-stage probability proportional sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis and PROCESS macro were used for data analysis. Study results showed that parental care had a significant negative predictive effect on adolescent depression. The mediating role of social trust and subjective well-being in this negative association was significant. In addition, social trust and subjective well-being played a serial mediating role in the relationship between parental care and adolescent depression. Our findings revealed the underlying mechanisms of parental care and adolescent depression, suggesting the necessity to implement effective prevention and interventions for the healthy growth of adolescents. Parental care was significantly and negatively associated with adolescent depression. Social trust and subjective well-being independently mediated the association between parental care and adolescent depression. Social trust and subjective well-being as chain mediators in the relationship between parental care and adolescent depression.

The evidence regarding the impact of internet use on cognitive function is inconsistent and lacks cross-national analysis. And prior studies have predominantly focused on global cognitive function. The present study aimed to examine the association between internet use and its transitions with cognitive function using five prospective cohorts from 32 countries. The linear mixed model results showed that internet use was associated with better memory, orientation, executive function, and global cognitive function. These associations were stronger among vulnerable populations (e.g., rural, low-education). When combined with social activities, internet use maximized its protective effects. Additionally, individual’s cognitive function with continuous internet use were better than those who have stopped using it. The findings indicated that encouraging internet use among middle-aged and older adults, coupled with targeted training and guidance, could be an effective strategy to protect cognitive function. And social activity participation also benefited cognitive function for those without internet use.

Background:With the increasing popularity of ARVs, physical symptoms of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have been effectively improved. Improving mental health and quality of life has gradually become the focus of attention in the treatment. The aim of this study is to explore the association between death anxiety and depression in men living with HIV/AIDS (MLWHA) from the perspective of network analysis. Methods:This study recruited 701 MLWHA in Jilin Province, China. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire. The average age of the participants was 37.4 years old. Among them, there were 54 heterosexual participants, 494 homosexual participants, 139 bisexual participants, and 14 asexual/other participants. Network analysis was used to identify central symptoms, key bridge symptoms, and the strongest edge among symptoms in the death anxiety and depression network. Results:In this study, 18.1% of MLWHA may suffer from severe depression. The severity of depression in homosexual MLWHA was severer than in heterosexuals. Death anxiety was severer among unmarried and married/cohabiting MLWHA compared to divorced/separated/widowed MLWHA. This study found that item DAS10 (The topic of post death is very confusing to me) was the most central symptom. The edge DAS2 - PHQ9 (Rarely think of death - Suicide ideation) was the strongest edge between death anxiety and depression. Item DAS2 (Rarely think of death) was the strongest bridge symptom. Conclusion:Psychological symptoms such as distress over the topic of death, thoughts of death, and suicidal ideation play an important influential and connecting role in the death anxiety-depression network among MLWHA. Implementing appropriate interventions for these symptoms-such as popularizing correct knowledge of death and providing more psychological counseling services for this group-can effectively reduce the co-occurrence of death anxiety and depression, thereby improving the mental health of MLWHA.

BACKGROUND:Nursing shortage is a global issue. Turnover intention and life satisfaction are significant predictors of turnover. The specific nature of nursing and stressful work schedules lead to impaired professional quality of life (ProQOL), and existing studies have confirmed the effect of a dimension of ProQOL (such as secondary trauma stress, burnout and compassion satisfaction) on turnover intention and life satisfaction. Yet the heterogeneity of ProQOL across individuals is not known. A lack of research on the relationship between potential ProQOL subgroups and turnover intention and life satisfaction, and the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain understudied. The study aimed to determine different ProQOL profiles, and their cross-sectional and longitudinal effects on turnover intention and life satisfaction, while exploring the mediating roles of job satisfaction and work engagement within the relationship. METHODS:Data were collected at a tertiary hospital in a northeastern province of China. An online questionnaire was administered twice over the course of six months. 1832 and 900 participates provided cross-sectional and longitudinal data respectively. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) and K-means clustering to identify ProQOL profiles, and used the PROCESS macro program to conduct mediation analysis. RESULTS:The LPA results supported a 4-profile solution, including balanced protection, good quality, traumatic satisfaction and burnout problem. ProQOL profiles directly predicted nurses' current and subsequent turnover intention and life satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction and work engagement mediated the effects of ProQOL profiles on turnover intention and life satisfaction in cross-sectional sample, and mediated the effects of ProQOL profiles on turnover intention in longitudinal sample. CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that nurses' ProQOL has distinct categorical characteristics and is strongly associated with turnover intention and life satisfaction. Hospital administrators should implement individualized, join management and interventions according to each profile. Furthermore, more attentions should focus on improving nurses' job satisfaction and work engagement levels to promote good work and life outcomes.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among frontline nurses who went to assist the epidemic situation in Wuhan, China, during the outbreak in 2020. The study also explored the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of age in the main relationship.BACKGROUND:The relationship between burnout and PTSD in nurse has rarely been investigated in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Understand the relationship between these variables can provide empirical evidence for developing interventions and protocols that improve the health of nurses in future public health emergencies.DESIGN:An online cross-sectional survey of targeted local 327 nurses who went to assist the COVID-19 epidemic situation in Wuhan during the initial outbreak.METHODS:This study was conducted in August 2020, the burnout scale, the PTSD scale and the depression scale were used to survey participants. The moderated mediation model was used to test research hypotheses.RESULTS:Burnout could affect the PTSD symptoms in nursing staffs and depression could mediate this relationship. Age moderated the relationship between burnout/depression and PTSD, and the effects was strong and significant among younger participants in the relationship between burnout and PTSD.CONCLUSIONS:Burnout was identified as a core risk factor of PTSD in nurses. Depression and age played significant roles in the relationship between burnout and PTSD.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE:PTSD, as a symptom that manifests after experiencing a stressful event, should be a key concern among frontline healthcare professionals. This study suggests that PTSD in nurses can be further reduced by reducing burnout. Attention should also be paid to the PTSD status of nurses of different age groups.PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION:Patients and the public were not involved in the design and implementation of this study. Frontline nurses completed an online questionnaire for this study.