TiO2-SiO2-ZnO photoactive oxide layers were obtained using simple and environmentally friendly procedures, including plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of titanium in an aqueous solution of Na2SiO3, impregnation of the PEO coatings in an aqueous solution of Zn(CH3COO)2, followed by annealing at 500 degrees C for 1 h. XRD, EDX, XPS, SEM, Raman spectroscopy and UV-DRS were used to characterize the formed samples. The effect of ultrasonic cleaning and alkaline treatment of TiO2-SiO2 PEO layers on the composition, morphology, optical and photo- catalytic properties of coatings modified with ZnO NPs was systematically investigated. XRD analysis showed the presence of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO, anatase and rutile TiO2 in all modified PEO coatings. Ultrasonic cleaning of PEO coatings reduces the concentration of organic contaminants on their surface, destroys fragile silicon- containing "coral caps", leading to an increase in the concentration of zinc on their surface after impregnation. Alkaline treatment of PEO coatings increases the surface porosity due to the destruction of surface areas due to the opening of siloxane bonds (Si-O-Si) that bind the framework. The degree of filling of the PEO coating surface with ZnO nanoparticles increases after ultrasonic cleaning and even more after alkaline treatment. The band gaps of ZnO-free and ZnO-modified PEO coatings are 3.11 eV and 3.29-3.32 eV, respectively. ZnOmodified samples exhibit photocatalytic activity in the Indigo Carmine degradation under the influence of both UV and sunlight. Preliminary ultrasonic cleaning and alkaline treatment of PEO coatings contribute to an increase in the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2-SiO2-ZnO layers.

Based on cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamic parameters, an original formula for assessing pathology of the spinal motion segments of the vertebra is given. In this paper, graphs are used to clearly show changes in pathology depending on the depth of trauma. The data collected can be useful for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging technicians, who still describe pathology in a simple way.

MnWO4/WO3 p-n heterojunction films were fabricated using a one-step method consisting of the plasma elec-trolytic oxidation(PEO)of titanium in homogeneous electrolytes containing paratungstate ions and stable water-soluble EDTA-chelated manganese.The influences of the formation current density and W:Mn molar ratio of the electrolyte,which was varied from 1:2 to 2:1,on the composition,morphology,and optical and photocatalytic properties of the resulting coatings were studied.X-ray diffraction analysis,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive X-ray analysis,Raman spectroscopy,and ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were used to char-acterize the formed composites.Regardless of the W:Mn ratio of the electrolyte,the coatings contained crystalline t-WO3 and m-MnWO4.Depending on the formation conditions,the optical band gap energies of the composites varied from 2.63 to 3.01 eV.The largest absorption red shift and lowest band gap energy were observed in the film composite formed in an electrolyte with W:Mn=2:1,at a current density of 0.2 A cm-2.Composites obtained in electrolytes with W:Mn ratios of 2:1 and 1:1 exhibited photocatalytic activity in the degradation of rhodamine C and methyl orange dyes in the presence of 10 mmol L-1 H2O2 under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation.The role of hydrogen peroxide in this dye degradation on PEO-coated composites under light irradiation is discussed.

Additive manufacturing has revolutionized implantology by enabling the fabrication of customized, highly porous implants. Surface modifications using electrochemical methods can significantly enhance the bioactivity and biocompatibility of biomaterials, including 3D-printed implants. This study investigates novel coatings on 3D titanium (Ti) samples. Mesh Ti samples were designed and subjected to plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) to form a calcium phosphate coating. Subsequently, a layer of polydopamine (PDA) was applied. The electrochemical properties and morphology of the coatings were analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed well-developed coatings containing calcium phosphates (including hydroxyapatite), titanium dioxide, and polymerized dopamine, suggesting promising bioactive potential. Composite layers incorporating PDA exhibited superior protective properties compared to base PEO coatings.

We demonstrate experimental and numerical studies of supercontinuum generation for silica fibers with longitudinally varying diameter and dispersion. The significant difference in the spectral and temporal transformations of the pump pulse depending on the direction of propagation in the researched fiber samples is shown. Numerical simulations demonstrate the possibility of the supercontinuum spectra management by controlling the longitudinal profile of the fiber. Ways to optimize the output in terms of spectral flatness and efficient energy transfer to the desired wavelength region are presented.

Abstract —A model of the movement of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal cavity is proposed, which makes it possible to calculate the velocity profiles and expenditure of the cerebrospinal fluid depending on the size of the cavity and the pulse of the patient. The dependences obtained by analytical methods make it possible to quantitatively estimate the movement of the cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal cavity and to diagnose its pathology more reasonably.

The paper presents information obtained in the study of the morphology, molecular structure, phase composition and thermal properties of fluoroparaffins of the following grades: PPU-90, PPU-110 and PPU-180. The studied samples are fully fluorinated low-molecular polymers consisting of CF3(CF2)(n)CF3 molecular chains. In terms of morphology, samples of different grades are densely packed layered formations (particles) that differ in layer thickness, layer packing method, and particle size. Differences in the crystal structures and degree of crystallinity of the samples were revealed. The possibility of changing the morphology of fluroparaffins studied during heat treatment is shown.

Россия С целью восполнения отсутствующей или не всегда доступной информации о физикохимических свойствах образцов ПВДФ, промышленно выпускаемых различными производителями

The possibility of forming PVDF composites with 20% Al2O3 content by explosive pressing in a cylindrical ampoule is shown. It has been established that a change in pressure when using this pressing method leads to the implementation of various compaction mechanisms for PVDF and its composites. A change in pressure affects almost all characteristics of the polymer and the composites being formed, up to their partial destruction.

The glasses in the MnNbOF5-BaF2-InF3-ErF3 and CdNbOF5-BaF2-InF3 systems have been obtained and investigated by means of IR- and Raman spectroscopy. The structures of glass networks are discussed. The analysis of the inelastic light scattering spectra are used to identify the contribution of the Er3+ photoluminescence in the glasses studied. The contribution of the indium photoluminescence into the inelastic light scattering spectrum of the glasses in the CdNbOF5-BaF2-InF3 system has been established at scattering excitation by the laser with the wavelength of 532 nm.

Physicochemical properties of materials obtained via the extrusion blending of oxyfluoride glass with the composition 3B2O3 · 97(40SnF2–30SnO–30P2O5) and F-4MB fluoroplastic are studied. The results from investigating their morphology, molecular composition, and thermal properties are presented.

This paper presents the results of studying the composites produced with the use of the explosive pressing of the mixtures of metals with polytetrafluorethylene. The used metals are aluminium, copper and nickel. Particular emphasis has been placed on the revealing of morphology, molecular structure, phase composition and a number of properties of the composites under study. The explosive pressing, on retention of the characteristics of the mixture components in whole, results in the partial destruction of polytetrafluorethylene, insignificant oxidation and fluorination of metal and formation of the intermediate layer consisting of nanofibrils which enhances the adhesion of metal to polymer promoting thereby formation of durable composite.

Glasses of the MnNbOF5–BaF2–InF3 system were prepared. The structure, thermal behavior, and crystallization of these glasses were studied by IR and Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction, and microscopy. The \(\rm{NbO}_2\rm{F}_4^{3-}\) and \(\rm{InF}_6^{3-}\) ions form a mixed glass network. Glass crystallization occurs in one or two steps depending on the component ratio. The major crystal phases are Ba3In2F12 and BaNbOF5. The obtainability of transparent crystal-glass samples in MnNbOF5–BaF2–InF3 glasses via heat treatment is shown.

We demonstrate spectra of slabs of plasmonic 1D nanostructures and show their ability to detect a specific binding of low-density lipoproteins. Optical spectra of the slabs exhibiting a spectrally sharp resonant peak have been analyzed numerically to demonstrate responses of biosensors under study. We show that the sensitivity to biomolecular binding can be considerably increased by utilizing magnetooptical materials as constituent element of plasmonic 1D nanostructures.

This work presents the results of a study of composites obtained by the explosive pressing of mixtures of metal with polytetratluoroethvlene. As metals, the results for aluminum and copper are discussed. The main attention is paid to revealing morphology, molecular structure, phase composition, and thermal properties of the studied composites. Explosive pressing, while niaintaining the characteristics of the mixture components in general, leads to partial destruction of polytetrafluoroethylene, oxidation of the metal and formation of a transition layer consisting of nanofibrils, which enhances the adhesion of the metal to the polymer, thereby contributing to the formation of a strong composite.

The possibility of using a nanographitized form of hydrolised lignin obtained as a result of its thermal activation, as well as fluorinated derivatives as cathode material for lithium power source is estimated. The results of galvanostatic discharge of electrochemical systems demonstrate the practical significance of lignin activation by pyrolysis at 1000 °C under high vacuum conditions. In particular, in the voltage range 0.5–3.0 V, the specific capacity of lignin and its thermal activation product is 190 and 845 mA·h/g, respectively. The improvement in the characteristics of a lithium cell based on a thermally activated derivative is apparently due to graphitization, an increase in the electrical conductivity, and, probably, participation of sorbed oxygen in cell reaction. Using fluorinated forms of both lignin and the product of its thermal activation, lithium cells show increased values of the operating voltage, which is determined by the participation of fluorine bonded to carbon in the current-producing process.

FeOx,SiO2,TiO2/Ti composites were formed through combination of the methods of plasma electrolytic oxidation and impregnation. The coatings have been studied by the methods of X-ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron and IR spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of oxide coatings has been investigated in the phenol degradation reaction. It was shown that the Fe-containing oxide coatings were highly active in the phenol decomposition under the following conditions: 1. the presence of hydrogen peroxide; 2. ultraviolet irradiation; 3. the presence of iron hydroxide on the surface of coatings. The results suggest that the catalysts studied are similar to photo-Fenton-like catalysts in their mechanism of action. Their activity is determined by the formation of iron-peroxide complexes fixed on the coating surface and thereafter of active radicals under the UV irradiation. The kinetics of phenol decomposition and the effect of the solution pH on the phenol decomposition degree has been studied. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.