Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related indicators of plague in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, and to evaluate the risk of plague epidemic in the future and formulate scientific and reasonable prevention and control measures.Methods:The plague surveillance data of national (Dingbian County) and provincial (Yuyang District, Jingbian County, Hengshan District, Shenmu City, Fugu County) plague monitoring sites in Yulin City from 2011 to 2021 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System Pestis Prevention and Control Management Information System, and the plague epidemic situation among humans and animals, the main host animals and their flea infection were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. The expert consultation method and plague risk assessment tool V1.0 were used to assess the epidemic risk of the plague in Yulin City.Results:There was no human and animal plague epidemic in Yulin City from 2011 to 2021. In national monitoring site, the density of main host animal was 5.79/hm 2, ranging from 3.02/hm 2 to 9.08/hm 2,the dominant species was Mongolian gerbil, accounting for 98.21% (3 402/3 464); the capture rate of wild nocturnal rodents was 1.27% (350/27 600), ranging from 0.21% to 3.83%, the dominant species was Cricetulus barabensis, accounting for 44.86% (157/350); the flea infection rate of the rodent body was 16.91% (768/4 541), with a flea index of 0.40, the dominant flea species was the Nosopsyllus laeviceps kuzenkov, accounting for 66.54% (1 203/1 808). In provincial monitoring site, the density of main host animals was 0.49/hm 2, ranging from 0.31/hm 2 to 0.67/hm 2, the dominant species was Alashan ground squirrel, accounting for 63.61% (194/305); the capture rate of nocturnal rodents in the wild was 1.76% (560/31 795), ranging from 0.89% to 3.93%, the dominant species was Roborovski dwarf hamster, accounting for 26.61% (149/560); the capture rate of domestic rats was 2.37% (397/16 750), ranging from 1.48% to 3.10%, the rodents included Rattus norvegicus (47.36%, 188/397) and house mouse (52.64%, 209/397); the flea infection rate of the rat body was 13.26% (182/1 373), with a flea index of 0.40; the dominant flea species was Ophthalmopsylla jettmari, accounting for 45.23% (251/555). The 5 281 pathogenic culture samples and 2 110 serological test samples were all negative. The Pearson correlation analysis results showed that there was no correlation between rodent density and flea infection rate or flea index at national and provincial monitoring sites ( r = - 0.26, - 0.48, 0.09, 0.12, P > 0.05), while flea infection rate and flea index were positively correlated ( r = 0.67, 0.81, P < 0.05). In 2022, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province was not ruled out the possibility of human plague epidemic, and the risk of plague epidemic among animals was high. Conclusions:From 2011 to 2021, the density of the main host animals at the national and provincial monitoring sites in Yulin City has remained at a low level, and the flea index has increased. There is a risk of plague epidemic in Yulin City, so the monitoring work should be further strengthened, and emergency supplies and capacity reserves should be well prepared.

目的 分析2016-2020年陕西省榆林市布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)发病的流行特征和时空聚集性,为制订布病防控策略提供依据.方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2016-2020年陕西省榆林市布病发病数据,进行描述性流行病学分析,同时利用ArcGIS 10.8、GeoDa 1.6、SaTScan 9.4.1软件分别进行三维分析、空间 自相关分析和时空扫描分析.结果 2016-2020年陕西省榆林市共报告布病病例1 773例,年均发病率为10.40/10万.病例报告以5-8月为主,病例性别比为3.53 ∶ 1(1 382/391),年龄以45～64岁人群为主(占60.46％),职业以农民为主(占89.57％).三维趋势分析显示榆林市布病发病率呈现由北向南、由西向东逐渐升高.空间 自相关分析显示,2016-2020年榆林市布病发病率Moran's I值分别为0.478 0、0.444 0,0.289 0、0.322 0、0.260 3,局部Moran's I系数检验发现榆林市布病发病有2个"高-高"聚集县区和3个"低-低"聚集县区.时空扫描分析显示,2016-2020年榆林市布病发病扫描到1个一类时空聚集区和1个二类时空聚集区,聚集时间为2019年.其中一类聚集区(LRR=57.97,RR=2.49,P＜0.001)以米脂县为中心,半径为51.62 km,涉及5个县区.结论 2016-2020年榆林市布病呈现明显的时空聚集性,应结合布病发病流行高峰期、发病人群、时空聚集区、羊只存栏量等情况,采取分区域、有重点、人畜同步联防的布病防控策略.

近年来,食品卫生安全受到政府和有关监督部门的高度重视,尤其是学校及周边饮食摊点的食品卫生安全是监督工作的重中之重,为加强学校及周边饮食摊点的食品卫生监管工作,保证学校师生的身体健康,荆州市卫生部门采取了一系列监管措施,取得了一定的成效.但因学校及周边饮食摊点食品引起的食物中毒仍然时有发生.