Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity and immune persistence of purified Vero cells rabies vaccine (PVRV) with Zagreb and Essen regimen.Methods:Prospective study: Patients with first Class II exposure to rabies were recruited from the Dog Injury Cinic of Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangxi CDC) and randomly divided into the Zagreb (2-1-1) and Essen (1-1-1-1-1) regimen group. All patients were inoculated with the vaccines from the same manufacturer and batch, and 3 ml serum was collected at the 45th day and in 1-year, 2-year and 3-year after immunization. Rapid fluorescent inhibition test (RFFIT) was used to detect rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA). The attenuation of RVNA positive rate and geometric mean titer (GMT) with time was analyzed. Retrospective study: The informed consents for rabies vaccine in the Dog Injury Clinic of Guangxi CDC were checked out. The patients who were injected with PVRV (same manufacturer but unlimited batch) but without passive immune agents for the first time within 3 years were selected and divided into 1-year, 2-year and 3-year group. Each group was further divided into Zagreb and Essen regimen group. The serum (3 ml) was collected at 1 year, 2 years and 3 years after immunization and detected the RVNA by RFFIT.Results:Prospective study: The RVNA positive rates on the 45th day and in 1-year, 2-year and 3-year after immunizationin in the Zagreb and Essen regimen group were 100%, 95%, 85%, 80% and 98.25%, 89.47%, 89.47%, 85.96%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the RVNA positive rates at the same time point between the two regimen groups ( P>0.05). The RVNA GMT on the 45th day and in 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year in the Zagreb and Essen regimen group were 11.32 IU/ml, 1.69 IU/ml, 1.30 IU/ml, 1.30 IU/m and 13.18 IU/ml, 2.13 IU/ml, 1.87 IU/ml, 1.84 IU/m, respectively. There was no significant difference in the RVNA GMT levels at the same time point between the two regimen groups ( F=1.971, P=0.164). The RVNA GMT levels in the two regimen groups had the same trend of attenuation over time (time*group F=0.702, P=0.435). Retrospective study: The RVNA positive rates in 1-year, 2-year and 3-year after immunization in the Zagreb and Essen regimen group were 100%, 95%, 91.43%和94.73%, 86.21%, 87.5%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the RVNA positive rates at the same time point between the two regimen groups ( P>0.05). The RVNA GMT in 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year groups after immunization in the Zagreb and Essen regimen group were 2.65 IU/ml, 2.03 IU/ml, 1.57 IU/ml和3.2 IU/ml, 2.58 IU/ml, 2.45 IU/ml, respectively. There was no significant difference in the RVNA GMT levels at the same time point between the two regimen groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The PVRV showed the same excellent immunogenicity and immune persistence after the vaccination with the Zagreb and Essen regimens.

目的 了解护理人员对职业性危害因素的认识,分析引起护理人员职业性危害的原因及相关因素,为保障护理人员的职业性健康提供参考.方法 使用问卷调查的方法分析某市125名预防门诊护理人员对职业性危害因素的客观认知情况,发生职业性危害的主要因素、原因和部位等.结果 不同工作年限和不同学历水平的护理人员对职业性危害因素的客观认识不同,差异有统计学意义(F=26.107,P<0.001;F=23.226,P<0.001);护理人员发生职业性危害的主要因素是针刺损伤(72.00％)及暴露污染(16.00％);发生针刺性损伤的主要原因是操作不规范(55.56％)和防护意识淡薄(27.78％),主要部位是手指(50.00％)和手掌(16.67％).结论 应提高护理人员对职业性危害因素的认识,加强对护理人员的职业性危害因素管理,降低护理人员的职业性危害暴露风险,保障护理人员的健康.

目的 了解公众对HPV疫苗的认知程度和对其有效性与安全性的评价,探索影响公众对该疫苗认知和评价的因素.方法 对某门诊部的996名女性患者进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行统计分析.结果 受访者对HPV疫苗认知的平均得分为2.25分;不同年龄、居住地、职业、受教育程度和收入水平的受访者对HPV疫苗的认知程度不同,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在对HPV疫苗有效性的评价方面,年龄较大、城市、已就业、高学历的受访者高于年龄较小、农村、未就业、低学历的受访者(OR值与95％ CI分别为:1.89(1.43 ～2.35)、2.21(1.78 ～2.64)、3.36(3.05 ～ 3.67)、3.87(3.50 ～4.24)),高收入的受访者低于低收入的受访者(OR值与95％ CI为0.87(0.79 ～0.95));在对HPV疫苗安全性的评价方面,年龄较大的受访者高于年龄较小的受访者(OR值与95％ CI为:2.78(2.53 ～2.97)),城市、高学历的受访者低于农村、低学历的受访者(OR值与95％ CI分别为:0.76(0.58 ～0.94),0.68(0.50～0.86)).结论 受访者对HPV疫苗的认知程度较低,年龄、居住地、职业、学历、经济收入等是影响受访者对HPV疫苗的有效性与安全性的评价的主要因素.

目的 分析狂犬病暴露人群的流行病学特征,为本地狂犬病的防治工作提供参考.方法 从2018年广西某犬伤门诊部的处置病例中,采用系统抽样法随机抽取1008名狂犬病暴露者作为研究对象.收集所有研究对象的相关资料,分析狂犬病的流行病学特征.结果 1008例研究者中,男女性别比为1:1.28,以18～60岁人群居多,居住在城市者占77.9％;猫、狗为主要致伤动物;暴露等级以Ⅱ、Ⅲ级为主;79.2％的暴露者能在暴露后24 h内就诊,但仅19.8％的暴露者会自行处理伤口和35.8％的暴露者接种免疫球蛋白.不同性别暴露者的年龄构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),因猫、狗致伤的比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).猫所致的暴露等级与狗所致的暴露等级差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且狗的免疫接种率高于猫的免疫接种率(P<0.05).城市暴露者伤后进行伤口预处置的比例高于农村暴露者(P<0.05).结论 狂犬病暴露人群具有本地化特征,建议从加强宣传、源头管理等方面做好本地狂犬病防治工作.

目的：探讨不同免疫程序注射狂犬病疫苗（狂苗）的不良反应情况。方法10岁以下接种狂犬病疫苗患儿1025例，其中注射辽宁成大速达狂犬疫苗548例（4针法组）和辽宁依生狂犬疫苗477例（5针法组），观察两组不良反应。结果4针法组发热率为48．4％（265／548），高于5针法组的18．4％（88／477）（P＜0．05）；4针法组发热最常见于3岁以下儿童，年龄越大，发热概率越小；发热主要发生于首次注射时，以中热多见。结论建议10岁以下儿童特别是3岁以下幼儿注射狂苗最好用5针法依生狂犬病苗，以减少不良反应发生。