为研究清镇烟区烤烟在一次性施肥条件下常规化学成分的协调性,分析烟区2013-2015年采集烟叶样品的烟碱(x1)、总糖(x2)、还原糖(x3)、总氮(x4)、Cl(x5)、K(x6)、蛋白质(x7)等7项数据,应用多元线性回归构建烤烟协调性的预测模型.结果 表明:(1)方差膨胀因子(VIF)值在3.77～13.6之间,说明7项常规化学成分存在多重共线性;(2)部分常规化学成分与施木克值(y1)、两糖比(y2)、氮碱比(y3)、糖碱比(y4)、钾氯比(y5)之间存在极显著相关关系,说明以主成分分析方法建立化学成分(xi)与协调性(yi)的多元线性回归模型是合理的;(3)通过对常规化学成分(xi)做主成分分析,提出3个主成分(Z1、Z2、Z3)并计算出得分,共包含了总体信息量的83.26％,采用逐步回归分析拟合的最优模型分别为y1=4.298+0.479Z1-0.437Z2+0.118Z3、y2=0.829+0.042Z2、y3=0.787+0.123Z1-0.067Z2+0.041Z3、y4=12.123+2.68Z1+ 1.357Z2-1.046Z3、y5=7.427-1.959Z3+0.781Z1,调整R2在52.3％～94.6％之间,且回归系数与回归方程均能通过显著性检验(P＜0.01),说明通过本研究拟合的回归模型不仅可用于预测烤烟协调性,还能为进一步探索烤烟化学成分与烤烟协调性之间的关系提供参考.

为研究生物炭基产品对土壤及其碳氮矿化特性的影响,采用室内培养试验,分别将酒糟有机肥(T1)、炭基酒糟有机肥(T2)、竹炭(T3)添加到土壤中,探究土壤碳氮矿化变化规律.结果表明,T1、T2有机碳处理累积矿化量和矿化速率均明显高于CK,培养至14 d时,T1、T2处理有机碳累积矿化量分别占总累积矿化量的53.1%、45.6%,平均矿化速率分别是CK的4.86、2.75倍;土壤碳素可矿化潜力表现为T1＞T2＞T3＞CK,T1慢性碳库降解率显著高于其他处理,T2处理显著高于T3处理、CK,土壤有机碳含量表现为T3＞T2＞T1＞CK,不同处理添加的有机物在土壤中累积矿化率差异均达到极显著水平,其中竹炭累积矿化率最低,炭基酒糟有机肥居中,酒糟有机肥最高.整个培养时期,土壤硝态氮(NO3--N)和无机氮累积矿化量整体表现为T1＞T2＞CK＞T3.综合分析认为,与竹炭和酒糟有机肥相比,施用炭基酒糟有机肥能明显提高土壤碳氮矿化能力,增强土壤碳矿化潜力,提升土壤碳库存,使土壤的氮素释放更适合作物生长需求.

The effects of full biodegradable mulching film on degradation,tobacco yield and tobacco quality were studied by a field test to provide a reference for popularization and application of full biodegradable mulching film in flue-cured tobacco production.Results:The yield and output value of Yunyan 87 under the cultivation pattern of white full biodegradable mulching film with 1 m× 0.010 mm can reach 2 162.7 kg/hm2 and 5 0426.70 Yuan/hm2.The yield,output value and first and medium-class tobacco rate of Yunyan 87 under the cultivation pattern of white full biodegradable mulching film are 64.50 kg/hm2(3.07％),1 774.80 Yuan/hm2 (3.65％) and 3.58％ higher than under the cultivation pattern of PE film respectively.The cost of full biodegradable mulching film is 199.20 Yuan/hm2 lower than PE film.The tobacco leaves of Yunyan 87 under the cultivation pattern of white full biodegradable mulching film have the moderate physical structure and harmony chemical components.The degradation rate of full biodegradable mulching film 135 d after mulching is up to 63％,59.5％ higher than PE film(3.5％).Application of full biodegradable mulching film can solve the environmental white pollution effectively.

为研究自然回潮(T1)、热风循环回潮(T2)、蒸汽回潮(T3)与加湿器回潮(T4)对密集式烤房散叶烘烤烤后烟叶品质的影响,对烤后烟叶经济性状、外观质量、评吸质量以及化学成分与其协调性进行相关性分析.结果表明:与T1相比,T4烤后烟叶外观质量好,评吸得分高,比T1高出3.1分;在经济性状上T1、T2、T3、T4烤后烟叶无显著性差异,但T4每千克烤烟收购均价比T1高出1.64元;在化学成分及其协调性方面,氯含量、糖碱比、两糖比以及氮碱比各处理间均无显著性差异,T4处理总氮、总糖、还原糖、烟碱含量均高于T2、T3,显著高于T1;T2与T4处理间钾含量无显著性差异,但均显著高于T1与T3.

Objective]The aim was to study effects of full biodegradable film on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Method]With K326 as test materials, through field experiment, effects of different size, color full biodegradable film on flue-cured tobacco growth period, agro-nomic traits, economic traits, yield and quality were studied.[ Result] The growth period and agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco had no significant difference among treatments, economic traits were best by covering 1 m(width) ×0.010 mm(length) black full biodegradable film, while tobacco qualities were best by using 1 m(width) ×0.008 mm(length) black full biodegradable film.[Conclusion] The study can pro-vide theoretical basis for popularization and application of full biodegradable film.

This paper summarizes the research progress on stem content of flue-cured tobacco,elaborating tobacco from different are-as,different kinds of tobacco,cultivation modulation measures ,the processing method and the location of tobacco leaves which affect stem content of flue-cured tobacco,and puts forward the prospect of the research of flue-cured tobacco stem content.