The article deals with the peculiarities of developing a method for evaluating the fuel efficiency and environmental performance of vehicle engines under conditions of pre- and post-start thermal preparations. The method was designed for gasoline engines converted to run on both liquid petroleum and gaseous fuels (LPG). A thermal treatment system based on a phase transition heat accumulator was used for pre- and post-start heat treatment in operation. An algorithm for determining and evaluating individual thermal preparation criteria for vehicle engines in operational conditions was developed based on the analysis conducted. The method for assessing fuel consumption and harmful emissions in the exhaust gases of vehicles with engines modified to run on LPG and fitted with a phase transition heat accumulator during pre- and post-start thermal preparations was improved. The method development is based on numerous experimental and computational–analytical studies. To assess the high efficiency of using a thermal preparation system with a phase transition heat accumulator in a vehicle under variable operational conditions, fuel consumption coefficients were employed. As a result of implementing the developed research method for evaluating fuel efficiency and environmental performance of the vehicle, a significant reduction in the overall thermal preparation (warm-up) time of the engine during operation and a decrease in the total fuel consumption for heating were confirmed.

The purpose of the work was to identify environmental climatic impacts resulting from the biodiesel fuel use for vehicles (Vs). The methods are based on computation of natural resource consumption and toxic substances emission with the help of environmental footprint calculator being a software program. The results of integral assessment of the environmental impact (namely, consumption of water, pow basic traction trucks as VOLVO FM, FH, FE, and FL) were computed for biodiesel fuel types В0, В7, В30, В100 depending upon different standards of EURO propellants. Both positive and negative environmental impact factors have been determined for consuming biofuels during full lifecycle of Vs. It has been defined that minor decrease in СО2 emission owing to the use of standard modern biodiesel fuel was followed by significant increase in NOx emission, as well as power and water consumption in terms of first-generation biodiesel fuel utilization. Similar tendencies were recognized. Moreover, opportunity to apply biodiesel fuels along with other measures decreasing СО2 emission was analyzed. Originality it is stipulated by the use of the integrated assessment of impact of vehicles on climate change, as well as the use of natural resources while applying biodiesel fuel for vehicles. Keywords: greenhouse effect, biodiesel fuel, life cycle of Vs, nitrogen oxides.

The state and main systemic problems of road transport in Ukraine at the present stage are considered. Peculiarities of application of strategies and tactics of modern system of technical operation of cars on public motor transport are shown. The basic principles of the adaptive system of maintenance and repair of rolling stock of motor transport are stated. On the example of the existing systems on transport new technologies of creation of information systems of organizational and functional support of processes of technical operation of cars at stages of a life cycle are offered. The results of experimental researches which are received by means of the information software complexes developed by authors are resulted. Keywords: motor transport, car maintenance, maintenance and repair, adaptive system, individual maintenance, information systems.

In connection with the use of built-in on-board diagnostics on cars, the development of satellite navigation systems and mobile communications, modern information technologies, it became possible to carry out remote monitoring with an assessment of the level of technical condition of the vehicle. This, in turn, allows us to switch to an adaptive system of technical maintenance and repair of cars, the key point of which is the development of an information and communication system and information software systems that provide, by monitoring remotely, the technical parameters of a vehicle in operating conditions, and assess the technical parameters of vehicles in operation and development of corrective actions. The purpose of the work is to generalize and develop existing modern information technologies in road transport in the conditions of intelligent transport systems (ITS). It is shown that in the formation of the information software complex in the conditions of ITS, for the formalization of the main processes, the methodology of structural analysis and design of SADT was applied. The source data for monitoring the technical condition of the vehicle, in accordance with the provisions of the IDEF0 methodology, the design features of the vehicle and the particular operating conditions, there is information on the technical condition of the vehicle. In this case, the general software of the manufacturing enterprise for the operation of automobile transport has been supplemented with respect to the algorithms of the software when performing: vehicle identification; identification of operating conditions; checking the conformity of the vehicle condition to operating conditions. To determine the subject area of ​​the information system for assessing the technical condition of a vehicle under operating conditions during its monitoring, a data flow diagram was used, which represents the highest descriptive level of a vehicle monitoring system.

The chapter focuses on the use of the combined thermal development system with phase- transitional thermal accumulators. The peculiarity of the combined system is that it uses thermal energy of exhaust gas, coolant and motor oil for rapid pre-start and after-start heating of the vehicular engine. The structure of the combined thermal development system and a mathematical model have been developed to study the impact of the sys- tem parameters on the heating processes of the engine. The results of experimental and estimation studies of thermal accumulator materials and the combined heating system of the vehicular engine are shown. For a truck engine 8FS 9.2/8, it is shown that the use of the combined system reduces the time of coolant and motor oil thermal development by 22.9–57.5% and 25–57% accordingly compared with the use of a standard system. The peculiarities of forming and using the system depend on operational and climatic condi- tions and the category of the vehicle.

The article suggests the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the engine heating system with a phase-transitional thermal accumulator when the vehicle is in motion in a driving cycle. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficiency of the vehicle heating system within thermal accumulator and catalytic converter under operating conditions. The peculiarity of the presented system is that it uses thermal energy of exhaust gases to accumulate energy during engine operation. The article describes the methodology to evaluate vehicle fuel consumption and emission in the driving cycle according to the UNECE Regulation. 83-05. The methodology takes into account the environmental parameters, road conditions, the design parameters of the vehicle, the modes of its motion, thermal state of the engine cooling system and the catalytic converter. Experimental studies determined the patterns of changing technical parameters of the engine G4GC (4FS 7.72 / 8.45) in the heating process using the heating system with thermal accumulator. Mathematical modelling techniques enabled to obtain quantitative values of fuel consumption and emission of KIA CEE'D 2.0 5MT2 in the driving cycle. The analysis of the research results showed that using the vehicle heating system can significantly reduce the time of heating the engine, fuel consumption and harmful emission under operating conditions.

The author recommends the testing of the vthicle on the coastdown from 50 or 40 km/h to 20 km/h when a long horizontal highway section is not available. This eliminates the speed of 20 km/h to zero, at which the variation of parameters increases by 3-4 times. Checks as for acceleration should be implemented with the III and II gears and the diagnosis of the engine condition should be carried out according to the worst outcome.