随着居民生活水平的提高、体力活动减少,肥胖逐渐增多.而肥胖,尤其是腹部肥胖是心脑血管疾病、高血压病、糖尿病等慢性非传染性疾病的主要危险因素之一[1].近年来在北京崇文区、西城展览路社区进行的慢性非传染性疾病社区预防模式研究课题中获得的1432名25岁以上城区妇女的体检资料,分析探讨肥胖相关指标(体质指数、腰围、臂围、腰臀比值)与血压、血脂、血糖关系,以了解肥胖对北京妇女健康的影响.
Objective To compare the difference of dietary pattern,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),blood pressure and serum lipids among diabetes mellitus(DM) patients,people with impaired fast glucose(IFG) and normal people and to find out appropriate approaches on DM prevention.Methods Questionnaires,physical examination,biochemical measurement were carried out in 943 subjects with cross sectional study.Results Out of 943 subjects,there were 168 subjects diagnosed as DM(17 8%) and 150 subjects as IFG(15 9%).The awareness of impaired blood glucose was 75 2% in DM group and 9 8% in IFG group.The average energy intake in DM,IFG and normal group was 2 272 kcal,2 510 kcal and 2 470 kcal respectively.Energy from dietary fat was 34%,33% and 33 2% of total energy in the three groups.The prevalent rates of obesity,blood pressure,serum cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in DM and IFG groups than those in the normal group( P 0 05).The correlation analysis showed that fast blood glucose had close positive relationship with BMI,WC,blood pressure,total cholesterol and triglycerides.Conclusions For DM patients,dietary intervention including total energy intake control and dietary fat intake reduction should be emphasized.IFG patients as the crucial population should enhance their awareness and be provided reasonable intervention for decreasing the occurrence of DM.
目的了解中老年人健康状况及卫生服务需求,明确慢性病社区综合干预的重点.方法对展览路社区35岁以上居民进行问卷、体检及生化检查.结果各种疾病的患病率:高血压40.7%;糖尿病32.6%;脂质代谢紊乱:59.3%;肥胖32.1%.以血压、血脂、血糖和体质指数(BMI)作为慢性病危险因素指标,被调查人群中82.3%的男性和80.3%的女性至少一项指标异常.该人群两周患病率为13.6%(就诊率为66.4%).两周服药率:冠心病78.2%,高血压75.3%,脑卒中53.8%,糖尿病29.6%,脂质代谢紊乱15.3%和肿瘤5.9%.一年住院率6.5%.心脑血管疾病、糖尿病和肿瘤占住院总数的63.9%.平均住院天数22.3天,平均医疗费为13543元.结论老年人群为社会中的弱势群体,各种慢性病的患病率高,是社区医院的主要服务对象.能否报销医疗费和医院的技术设备条件是影响居民选择就诊单位的主要因素.
