Background. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is one of the most important factors for regulation of hematopoietic stem cells differentiation. It is involved in leukemogenesis and central nervous system (CNS) damage in acute leukemia. According to the literature, the VEGFA production by blast cells is increased, but the values of serum concentration and the associations with CNS involvement are contradictory.Aim. evaluate the VEGFA, VEGFR1, VEGFR2 concentration in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patient with different types of acute leukemia in disease onset and during treatment.Materials and methods. The concentration of VEGFA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid was studied in 74 primary patients with acute leukemia. The comparison group consisted of 67 healthy donors. VEGFR1, VEGFR2 were studied in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in 34 patients at the onset of the disease. The comparison group consisted of 10 healthy donors. For the analysis, an enzyme immunoassay was used on a semi-automatic Personal Lab analyzer (Adaltis) and Affymetrix eBioscience human VEGF-A Platinum ELISA reagents.Results. Serum VEGFA concentration was statistically significantly lower in acute leukemia patients than that of donors (median 149.78 and 432.19 pg/ml respectively; p <0.0001). Factor deficiency was significantly more pronounced in patients with blastemia (p <0.015). During antitumor therapy, there was a tendency to increase the amount of the factor in the blood serum. Serum concentration of soluble VEGFR2 was also lower in patients than that of donors (6949.9 and 8795.9 pg/ml respectively; p = 0.0026). For concentration of VEGFR1 such deviations were not found. The concentrations of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in serum were higher than in cerebrospinal fluid (p <0.0001), while VEGFR1 showed a positive correlation between serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations. the concentration of VEGFR1 in the cerebrospinal fluid was significantly lower in patients with B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma compared to other types of leukemia.Conclusion. the concentration of VEGFA in serum decreases in patients with blastemia, this may indicate a lack of secretion and excessive consumption of the factor by blast cells with a decrease in the proportion of leukocytes that normally secrete the factor. In the cerebrospinal fluid, the concentrations of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 are lower than in serum, with the lowest values being found in patients with B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, but no relationship with the development of CNS involvement was found.

Introduction. Ensuring a sustainable supply of safe donor blood is crucial for strategic issues and challenges. The evaluation of donor characteristics as well as the volume of components harvested and issued to medical organizations in the Russian Federation is a topical task for the national blood service.Aim — to analyze the performance indicators of the national blood service for the procurement and provision of donated blood and its components to medical organizations from 2016–2020.Methods. Data on over 6.5 million donors who donated blood in Russia during 2016–2020 were analyzed. Data were obtained from Blood Service report form No. 39 “Blood products and derivatives”. Descriptive statistics were used during analysis.Results. A decrease of the number of blood donors per thousand population was shown (from 9.68 to 8.26, р < 0.0001). There was a decrease of the number of first-time donors and of the number of repeat donors (by 23 and 9.3 %, respectively) within studied period. Regular donor quantum increased from 71 to 76 %. The share of volunteer blood donors from 2016 to 2020 throughout the Russian Federation remained stable and amounted to 97.7–98.0 %. The total number of donations decreased by 6.0 % due to a significant decrease in the number of donations of automatic apheresis plasma (from 507,396 in 2016 to 388,742 in 2020, p < 0.001), at the same time, a significant increase in the number of donations platelets was noted (from 83,285 donations in 2016 to 126,574 in 2020, p < 0.001). During the follow-up period, there was an increase from 2.0 in 2016 to 2.21 in 2020 (10 %) in the average number of donations of blood components made by donors per year. Despite the decrease in the total number of donations in the analyzed period, the volume of blood components transferred for clinical use increased. The largest increase in blood components transferred at the request of medical organizations was noted for the concentrate of donor platelets (from 702,732 units in 2016 to 1,072,830 in 2020, by 34.5 %) and erythrocyte- containing blood components (from 491,791 liters in 2016 to 555,909 liters in 2020, by 13.5 %). A general trend was noted both towards a decrease in the frequency of detection of markers of bloodborne infections (from 16.8 to 7.7 %), and in individual infections. When analyzing the frequency of detection of infection markers, a significant difference was obtained in the group of newly registered and repeated donors (50,114 and 25,814, р < 0,001).Conclusion. The decrease of the number of cases of detection of infection markers and the redistribution of blood collection in accordance with the changing demands of medical organizations demonstrates a targeted strategy for improving the safety of transfusions, improving the quality of recruiting activities, and improving the principles of lean production of blood components.

Background. Modern medicine and highly specialized care are impossible without a successfully functioning state blood donation system. Solving the practical problems of organizing voluntary donation in a single country requires research to identify and take into account its economic, national and law characteristics. At the moment, the sociodemographic characteristics of the current donor in Russia and the CIS remain poorly understood. The key indicators that should be measured in the first place are the following: socio-demographic characteristics of donors, factors that attract/ put off donors, donor motivation, and quality control of the donor organization. Aim. The purpose of the study was to determine the socio-demographic characteristics, some psychological characteristics and perceptions of donation among visitors to the blood donation service of the National Research Center for Hematology (Moscow, Russia). Materials and methods. The authors conducted a study of the characteristics of blood donors (n = 568). Results. Based on the results of the research, we describe a portrait of a modern donor: men and women from 20 to 25 years, mainly managers / specialists and students. The motivation of most donors can be described as prosocial (“humanistic”). The views on the donor, donor activity, the level of awareness of the problems of donorship in Russia among the respondents are detailed in the “Results” and “Discussion”. We provided data on the preferences of different types of compensation, the effectiveness of information dissemination channels and the degree of involvement in the activities of the service. Conclusion. Prospective directions of development of voluntary donation organization were discussed and the possibilities of conducting additional interdisciplinary research were considered in detail.

Background. Modern medicine and highly specialized care are impossible without a successfully functioning state blood donation system. Solving the practical problems of organizing voluntary donation in a single country requires research to identify and take into account its economic, national and law characteristics. At the moment, the socio-demographic characteristics of the current donor in Russia and the CIS remain poorly understood. The key indicators that should be measured in the first place are the following: socio-demographic characteristics of donors, factors that attract/put off donors, donor motivation, and quality control of the donor organization. Aim. The purpose of the study was to determine the socio-demographic characteristics, some psychological characteristics and perceptions of donation among visitors to the blood donation service of the National Research Center for Hematology (Moscow, Russia). Materials and methods. The authors conducted a study of the characteristics of blood donors (n = 568). Results. Based on the results of the research, we describe a portrait of a modern donor: men and women from 20 to 25 years, mainly managers / specialists and students. The motivation of most donors can be described as prosocial ("humanistic"). The views on the donor, donor activity, the level of awareness of the problems of donorship in Russia among the respondents are detailed in the "Results" and "Discussion". We provided data on the preferences of different types of compensation, the effectiveness of information dissemination channels and the degree of involvement in the activities of the service. Conclusion. Prospective directions of development of voluntary donation organization were discussed and the possibilities of conducting additional interdisciplinary research were considered in detail.