Gold-bearing mineral associations of gold-quartz and gold-sulfide-quartz occurrences of the Taimyr-Severnaya Zemlya Orogen (Nizhnelitkenskoe on Bolshevik Island, Vidimoe, Nerpichye, Konechninskoe in the myogeoclinal zone of the western Taimyr and Yasnenskoe, Malinovskoe in the accretion zone in the northern part of the Central Taimyr) have been studied. The data obtained indicate the possibility of identifying two new economic geological regions in the Central Sector of the Russian Arctic, comparable to the mineral resource potential of the Vitim-Patom Upland and the Yenisei Ridge.

For the first time, based on the data of the study of fluid inclusions, the PTX parameters of the formation of gold mineralization of the Taimyr-Severozemelsky orogen were established. The temperature of formation of gold ores covers the range from 310 to 105°C, the pressure was not lower than 110–96 MPa. The ore-forming fluids were characterized by NaCl + KCl + H2O + CO2 + CH4 + N2 composition and salinity up to 9.7 wt. % in equiv. NaCl. The composition of native gold (fineness varies from 960 to 550‰) and minerals of productive mineral associations has been determined. Ore-forming fluids of gold-sulfide-quartz ore occurrences of the accretionary Schrenk-Fadeevskaya zone (Yasnenskoye and Malinovskoye in North-East Taimyr) are more oxidized and less saline compared to the gold-quartz occurrences of the orogenic type of the Mininsko-Bolshevitskaya myogeoclinal zone (Nizhnelitkenskoye, Vidimoe, Nerpichye).

In the Arctic zone of Siberia, large diamond occurrences have been discovered in volcaniclastic, sedimentary–volcaniclastic, volcanosedimentary, and sedimentary rocks of the upper Ladinian strata and the base of the Carnian (Triassic) strata. They are confined to the Primorye mineragenic zone, which is traced along the Laptev Sea water area from the western Verkhoyansk area to eastern Taimyr. We have first identified a specific range of diamonds in these deposits. Among the rounded crystals of varieties I, II, V, and VII, there are grains with a light carbon isotope composition and high nitrogen contents. They have no analogues in typomorphic features in the known primary deposits of Yakutia but are completely similar to diamonds in the Rhaetian, Early Jurassic, Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous, Neogene, and Quaternary commercial placers and placer occurrences, which suggests their formation as a result of the erosion of Triassic sources.