In this study, approaches to the synthesis of complex compound of gold with cysteine [AuCys]n for measuring absorbed dose in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) were developed. The dependence of the complex particle size on pH were established. Nanocomposite materials based on polylactide containing [AuCys]n particles with an average size of about 20 nm were obtained using the crazing mechanism. The structure of obtained materials was studied by electron microscopy. The release kinetics of [AuCys]n from polymer matrix were investigated. Release of [AuCys]n from the volume of the polymeric matrix had a delayed start-this process began only after 24 h and was characterized by an effective rate constant of 1 μg/h from a 20 mg composite sample. At the same time, in vitro studies showed that the concentration of 6.25 μg/mL was reliably safe and did not reduce the survival of U251 and SW-620 cells.

Approaches to the synthesis of a drug for photon-capture therapy based on the complex compound of gold with cysteine [Au(I)-Cys]n have been developed. The dependence of the particle sizes of the complex on pH was established. Using the crazing mechanism, nanocomposite materials based on polylactide and containing [Au(I)-Cys]n particles with an average size of about 10 nm were obtained. The obtained materials were studied using electron microscopy and their structure was established.

Chitosan is one of the promising compounds for use in various fields of medicine. However, for successful application, materials based on it must be insoluble in water and have specified physical and mechanical properties. In this work, we studied the interaction of N-methylolacrylamide (NMA) and chitosan upon concentration of the solutions, both under the action of UV radiation and without it, which results in curing of the polymer matrix. The main products, proposed mechanisms of the crosslinking reaction, and the influence of external conditions on these processes have been revealed using NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy. It was found that the reaction proceeds along three pathways. The main reactions proceed with the amino groups of chitosan, and the hydroxymethyl and vinyl groups of NMA. Studies have shown that for the formation of insoluble materials based on chitosan, the best content in the initial cast solution is 2 wt% of chitosan at 0.25 wt% concentration of NMA. Films formed from such solutions possessed high strength and deformation characteristics, namely an elastic modulus of about 1500 GPa, a strength of about 30 MPa, and an elongation at break of about 100%.

Structurally variable nanoporous polylactide (PLA) films containing brilliant green (BG) as a functional antiseptic additive have been obtained by a crazing mechanism. The in vitro release of BG from the porous PLA films into a sodium phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C has been examined by spectrophotometry.

Polylactide-based materials are often considered an alternative to materials produced from traditionally hardly degradable polymers. Porous polylactide membranes, matrices, and scaffolds are especially attractive for use in biomedicine. The review concerns the physicochemical basis and structural and morphological opportunities of various methods for the manufacture of porous polylactide, such as sintering, 3D printing, electrospinning, foaming, etching, and the processes of phase separation and orientational drawing. Special attention is focused on the effect of porous structure parameters on the rate of hydrolytic degradation of the polymer and the prospects for the development of application areas of similar porous materials.

Experimental conditions have been established for the preparation of stable open-pore matrices with pore diameters of 10–20 nm on the basis of semicrystalline polylactide films by thedelocalized crazing mechanism. The synthesis of phosphates of calcium (brushite) and magnesium (struvite) in the pores of such a polymer matrix allows one to tune the size of the formed crystallites, which has appeared to be about 30 nm, and to obtain nanocomposites with high dispersity of the components. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by SAXS, SEM, TGA and XRD methods.

Bioactive suture materials made of biodegradable polymers containing biologically active substances are increasingly demanded in contemporary surgical practice. Herein, the functional fibrous materials are produced by structural modification of polylactide (PLA) fibers according to the crazing mechanism in water-ethanol solutions. The threshold of ethanol concentration, at which the breaking elongation of the polymer substantially increases (up to 600-700%), is found to be 30 wt%. The crazing mechanism is employed to fill the porous structure of PLA fibers by different antiseptic substances (brilliant green, iodine, and fuchsin). PLA loaded by 0.8 wt% of brilliant green exhibits antimicrobial activity onEscherichia coliandCandida guilliermondii. The additive is released stepwise for a prolongated time period (2.5 months). The addition of 1-6 wt% iodine dramatically accelerates the polymer degradation in sodium-phosphate buffer solution at 37 degrees C. The obtained filled fibers may possess great interest for producing suture materials with prolonged action of functional components and variable degradation times.