Objective:To understand the latest epidemiological status of tuberculosis in floating population at Yuexiu District and to provide scientific basis for continuous improvement and optimization of measures of tuberculosis prevention and control for floating population.Methods:Basing on the data of Tuberculosis Management Information System, a subsystem of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, the online data of the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Yuexiu District floating between districts, cities, and provinces from 2018 to 2022 were collected and collated. The epidemiological status in the 3 floating populations with different gender, age, case finding model, treatment delay, pathogenic test results, and treatment classification were descriptively analyzed.Results:In the five years, 1 267 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis at Yuexiu District were reported, including 829 males (65.43%) and 438 females (34.57%). Among them, 80.58% (1 021/1 267) patients went directly to the tuberculosis prevention and treatment institution for medical treatment. In the patients, 713 cases (56.27%) were pathogenic positive, and 554 cases (43.73%) pathogenic positive. There were 1 188 first treated cases (93.76%) and 79 re-treated cases (6.24%). The median of the reported incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis in the floating population was 71.1/100 000 in 2020. The rates of delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay were 75.30% (854/1 267) and 77.19% (978/1 267), respectively. The percentages of the patients <18 years old, ≥18-45 years old, ≥45-60 years old, and ≥60 years old were 3.28% (2/61), 50.82% (31/61), 22.95% (14/61), and 22.95% (14/61), respectively.Conclusions:The incidence of tuberculosis and rates of delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay in the floating population at Yuexiu are all at a high level. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen tuberculosis control in floating population.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment delay of patients with tuberculosis in recent years at Yuexiu, and to provide the basic basis for the formulation of control strategies for the early detection of tuberculosis cases and the optimization and improvement of the implementation measures.Methods:The online reporting data of tuberculosis patients at Yuexiu District, Guangzhou from 2018 to 2022 were derived from the Tuberculosis Management Information System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Whether the intervals between the first diagnosis date and present symptom date and between the present diagnosis date and the present first diagnosis date were over 14 days were referred to as delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay, respectively. The data of these two kinds of delay were statistically analyzed by day, week, month, and year. And the delays between male and female, between the juvenile group (< 18), the youth group (≥18-45), the middle-aged group (≥45-60), and the elderly group (≥60), and between the delay of each street were compared. χ2 test and rank sum test were applied. Results:In the 2 504 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, the rates of delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay were 41.5% (1 028/2 504) and 30.71% (769/2 504), respectively. The ranges and medians of the two kinds of delays were 1-7 664 days and 27 days and 1-1 100 days and 14 days, respectively; the percentages of delay for one month, one year, and over one year were 52.72% (542/1 028), 43.29% (445/1 028), and 3.99% (41/1 028) and 77.76% (598/769), 21.59% (166/769), and 0.65% (5/769), respectively. The delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay occurred in 662 cases (40.89%) and 482 cases (29.96%) among the 1 619 male patients, respectively, while 366 cases (41.36%) and 287 cases (32.43%) experienced the delays among the 885 female patients, respectively, with no statistical differences between the males and the females (all P?0.05). The rates of delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay in the juvenile group, the youth group, the middle-aged group, and the elderly group were 36.36% (16/44), 38.31% (321/838), 41.81% (268/641), and 43.12% (423/981) and 31.82% (14/44), 33.77% (283/838), 28.55% (183/641), and 29.46% (289/981), respectively, with no statistical differences (all P?0.05). In the 18 sub-districts of Yuexiu District, the ranges of the rates of delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay were 32.91%-50.79% and 21.52%-34.73%, respectively, with statistical differences ( U=96.0 and 41.5; both P<0.05). Conclusions:There are high proportions of delay in seeing a doctor and diagnosis delay among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Yuexiu District. How to shorten delay in seeing a doctor by strengthening the active case finding and to reduce diagnosis delay by improving clinical diagnosis and treatment is an urgent problem to be solved.

目的 深入了解本地区学生结核病流行疫情与患者治疗管理情况,为提高学校结核病控制水平提供决策依据与科学指导.方法 对“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”之“结核病信息管理系统(新)”中报告的2010-2016年广州市越秀区学生肺结核患者资料进行整理,分析广州市越秀区学生肺结核报告发病率、抗酸菌涂片检查情况、年龄构成、学生类别构成以及治疗分类、治疗管理方式、治疗结局等情况.结果 ①6年间广州市越秀区至少有268所大、中、小学报告肺结核病例,无聚集性疫情暴发,病例总数为442例,其中:2010-2016年报告发病率(1/10万)分别为4.71、7.00、4.78、4.43、6.38、5.66和4.80,男、女性别报告发病率则分别为6.38和4.39;抗酸菌涂片检查阳性病例195例(占44.12％)、阴性病例246例(占55.88％),初治病例435例(占98.42％)、复治病例7例(占1.58％);5岁～、10岁～、15岁～、20岁～和25岁～各年龄组患者的百分构成分别为0.23％、4.75％、56.11％、34.39％和4.52％;小学、初中、高中与大学学生患者的百分构成分别为1.81％、6.11％、50.00％和44.34％.②442例学生肺结核患者的治疗中,报告的治疗管理方式有强化期督导、全程督导、全程管理和自服药4种方式,其病例数分别为22、182、237和1例,百分构成分别为49.77％、41.18％、53.62％和0.23％,其治疗结局为:193例治愈,248例完成疗程,1例结果不明.结论 广州市越秀区学生肺结核发病率高于全国水平且下降趋势不明显,学校结核病控制工作力度务必加强、控制策略水平亟待提高.

目的 了解广州老城区学生肺结核患者诊断延误情况,为该地区学校结核病防治的科学决策提供参考依据.方法 应用“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”之“结核病信息管理系统(新)”中报告的2010-2016年广州市越秀区大、中、小学生肺结核患者相关资料,对就诊延误时间(结核病可疑症状开始至患者就医的时间天数)、诊疗延误时间(患者就医至肺结核诊断确立的时间天数)进行分类分析与比较.结果 ①在442例患者中,就诊延误、诊疗延误、总延误中位数时间(用“XX-XX-XX天”形式表示,下同)为9-9-22天,其中:男性为9-9-22天,女性为8-8-22天.②与小学、初中、高中、大学阶段相对应的7-12、13-15、16-18、≥19岁各年龄组3种延误中位数时间分别为29-2-34天、15-5-22天、5-8-20天、10-10-24天;健康体检、接触者检查、因症就诊、因症推荐、转诊、追踪等不同发现方式的病例分别为2-13-16天、46-15-61天、11-6-22天、20-10-29天、6-12-22天和12-11-35天.③涂片染色镜检阳性与阴性病例则分别为15-5-26天和6-13-21天.结论 通过加强学校结核病健康教育、定期进行结核病相关健康体检等措施以减少就诊延误时间是及时发现和尽早治疗学生结核、阻断学校结核病流行的关键.