Effect of crop systems and phosphorus placement on the canopy structure and production of faba bean were studied using plot and field experiments of three population densities (12 000 plants·667m-2,13 000 plants· 667m-2,14 000 plants·667m-2),two pattems of seeding (plant per spot,2 plants per spot) and three phosphorus placement depths (5 m,10 cm,and 20 crm).The results showed that high yield were obtained under 15cm phosphorus depth,1.3 × 104 plants·667m-2 and wide-narrow row with 2 plants per spot.Under this pattern,leaf area index,chlorophyll SPAD value and taproot length remained higher until flowering.Increasing plant spacing by decreasing unit area increased pod retention rate and yield,with the treatment yield being higher.

分别在海拔2000 m,2 500 m和3 000 m的自然环境条件中开展了当归育苗,并在第二年进行了成药期种植试验.结果表明:海拔2 500m繁育的种苗均匀整齐,大小适中,无侧枝,产量中等,次年成药期种植成苗率较高、早薹率低,生长旺盛、产量高.海拔3000m繁育的种苗较小,产量较低,次年成药期种植成苗率较低、无早薹现象,生育期稍迟,产量中等.海拔2 000 m繁育的种苗较大,次年成药期种植成苗率高、苗壮且生育期稍早,早薹率高,产量低.

当归是我国常用大宗名贵中药材，主产于甘肃省海拔2000m以上的高寒阴湿地区。临夏州地处青藏高原与黄土高原过度地带的高寒阴湿地区，气候冷凉湿润，适宜多种喜冷凉湿润类中药材种植。当归是临夏州种植的主要中药材，常年种植面积2000hm2左右。根据临夏地区当归种苗的栽植情况和种植方式，每年大概需要66.7hm2的育苗需求。目前，全州种植的种苗全部从临近的定西市岷县、漳县和渭源等地调入，多年来，整个临夏地区却无一家开展当归育苗工作的单位和农户。为此，我们专门考察了岷县和漳县等地多处当归种苗繁育基点，详细调查了当地的气候、地理和土壤环境条件，以及育苗程序和操作方法。经过调查和比较研究，认为临夏州的康乐县、和政县、临夏县和积石山县沿山一带2300m以上的高海拔冷凉阴湿地区具有和定西市当归育苗地区相类似的气候与土壤等环境条件，适合当归种苗繁育。以此为参考，在临夏州的和政县和康乐县开展了当归育苗工作，取得了成功，填补了临夏地区无当归育苗的空白。现将相关技术进行总结叙述，以指导当地当归育苗工作，帮助当归种植，促进临夏州中药材种植的发展。