采用全光照自动间歇喷雾育苗法,对艾草(Artemisia argyi Levl.et Vant.)扦插繁殖进行正交试验L16(45),研究插穗部位(A)、萘乙酸(NAA)浓度(B)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)浓度(C)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)浓度(D)及浸泡时间(E)对扦插生根效果的影响.结果表明,5个试验因素对发根率、发根数的影响都达到了极显著水平(P<0.01).插穗部位对根系平均干重影响极显著,对最长根长影响显著(P<0.05);NAA浓度、激素浸泡时间对根系平均干重影响显著,IBA浓度对最长根长影响显著,而IAA浓度对根系平均干重、最长根长不显著.结合方差分析结果,5个因素对艾草扦插生根影响顺序为插穗部位>浸泡时间>IBA浓度>NAA浓度>IAA浓度.根据多重分析结果,筛选出艾草扦插繁殖的最佳处理为A2B2C2D1E3,即第四节插穗在50 mg/L NAA、50 mg/L IBA和0 mg/L IAA混合液中浸泡6h.

为探究不同因素对毛华菊扦插效果的影响,本文以毛华菊枝条为研究对象,采用正交试验设计,选取插穗部位、激素种类、处理浓度、处理时间、扦插基质5个影响因素,分析各因素对毛华菊生根率、平均生根数、最长根长、平均根重的影响,并筛选最优组合.结果表明:不同因素对毛华菊扦插效果的影响表现为激素种类>处理时间>插穗部位>处理浓度>扦插基质.最佳扦插组合为采用第一节插穗,用IBA 200 mg/L处理1 min,扦插于细沙∶泥炭土=2∶1的混合扦插基质中.

为明确抗旱小麦新品种宛麦632的生产推广价值,以2015—2018年度河南省小麦区域试验和生产试验的结果为依据,分析了宛麦632在产量、产量构成因素、适应性等方面的表现.结果表明,宛麦632的3年平均产量分别为5967.0、5638.5和5226.0 kg/hm2,分别比对照洛旱7号增产2.6％、4.7％和3.7％.宛麦632高稳系数平均值为21.89％,低于洛旱7号.31个试点中,产量超过4900.0 kg/hm2的试点占18个.通径分析表明,宛麦632成穗数和千粒重相互作用对产量的消极影响远小于洛旱7号,产量三要素更加协调.GGE双标图分析表明,宛麦632最佳试点包括灵宝、宝丰和洛阳,在生产试验10个试点中稳产性和丰产性较好.宛麦632的抗逆性中等,中筋品质和农艺性状优良,商品性好.

The pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance of 137 wheat varieties from different regions was evaluated and the relative germination index (RGI) was calculated. The relationships between PHS and grain quality traits, amylase activity and related gene expression level of these varieties were analyzed. The results showed that wheat varieties from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley winter wheat region had the lowest RGI value and the highest ratio of resistant pre-harvest sprouting wheat varieties, followed by the varieties from the upper reach of Yangtze River Valley winter wheat region and from the Yellow and Huai River Valley. Red-grain wheat had lower RGI than white-grain wheat. RGI was positively correlated with seed length, seed width, and spikelet number, but not correlated with other grain traits (panicle type, ear color, ear length, and spikelet density, grain per spike and 1000-grain weight). RGI was negatively associated with the test weight, dough development time, and flour yield, but not with other quality indices (protein content, wet gluten content, water absorption, stability time, sedimentation, extension area, extensibility and max resistance). Amylase activity of different varieties increased with seed imbibition time. RGI was positively associated with α-amylase activity after germinating for 24-72 hours. The cluster analysis results of resistant varieties were consistent with the PHS resistance evaluation after 48 hours. RGI was positively associated with the related gene expression with seed imbibition time.

1.品种选择. 应选用生长发育快、早熟的弱春性品种.目前适合南阳种植品种有郑麦7698、兰考198、先麦8号、邓麦996、众麦2号、郑麦9023等. 2. 增施肥料. 晚播小麦要加大施肥量,要坚持以有机肥为主,化肥为辅的施肥原则,施足底肥,早施追肥,以促为主,平衡施肥. 每亩施 N14~18kg、P2O56kg、K2O6kg.基肥:亩施优质有机肥1000kg,尿素5kg,45%复合肥40kg. 分蘖肥:主茎叶龄3~5叶期亩施尿素5kg. 拔节肥:在小麦基部第一节间接近定长、 叶龄余数为2.5时,亩施尿素10kg. 孕穗肥:在小麦叶龄余数为0.5时,亩施尿素5kg.孕穗灌浆期结合病虫害防治进行3~4次叶面喷肥.