Objective:To establish a risk model of placenta accreta spectrum(PAS) based on the clinical risk factors and ultrasound signs of patients with placenta accreta, and identify severe placenta accreta prenatal.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 121 PAS patients admitted to Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2018 to June 2022 who were clinically classified or pathologically diagnosed during delivery. The two groups were divided into light and severe groups according to the implantation type. The clinical risk factors and ultrasound signs between the two groups were compared. A risk model of PAS was established based on the clinical risk factors and ultrasound signs to predict the perinatal complications.Results:A total of 130 cases of PAS were clinically diagnosed or pathologically diagnosed with placenta, 9 cases with incomplete clinical data or irregular ultrasound images were excluded, and the remaining 121 cases were included in the study. Among the 121 patients, 64 cases were placental accreta, 39 cases were placental increta, and 18 cases were placenta percreta. The placental accreta was defined as mild group, and the combination of placental increta and placenta percreta were referred to as severe group. There were no significant differences in placenta previa, and the number of uterine cavity operations (all P>0.05). There were significant differences in the number of cesarean section, myometrium thinning, placental lacunae, abnormal vascularization at the utero-bladder junction, bridging vessels at the utero-bladder junction, placental protuberance and cervical involvement (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that placental lacunae, abnormal vasculization of the utero-bladder interface and the number of cesarean sections were independent risk factors for severe PAS. Based on this, a risk model was established and the ROC curve of each independent risk factor and risk model was plotted respectively. The AUC of the risk model was 0.826, which had better diagnostic efficacy than other independent risk factors. Conclusions:In the prenatal ultrasound classification diagnosis of high-risk patients with PAS, the placental lacunae, abnormal vascularization of utero-bladder interface and the number of cesarean section are combined to establish the risk model of PAS, which has a good diagnostic efficacy for severe placenta accreta.

目的 探讨产前超声征象及高危因素在不伴前置胎盘的胎盘植入性疾病(PAS)诊断中的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析于我院规范产检并经临床或病理诊断的8例不伴前置胎盘的PAS患者资料,对其产前典型超声征象、高危因素及妊娠结局进行总结分析.结果 8例不伴前置胎盘的PAS患者中,6例有剖宫产史(其中5例有宫腔操作史),2例无剖宫产史(均有宫腔操作史);6例产前超声提示胎盘植入,2例产前超声漏诊;胎盘粘连3例,胎盘植入4例,胎盘穿透1例;7例发生产后大出血(出血量≥1000 ml),1例产后出血量800 ml;1例行子宫全切术,7例保留子宫.6例产前超声发现胎盘植入的典型征象,均存在子宫-膀胱交界面异常,主要表现为子宫肌层变薄、胎盘后方低回声带消失,其中3例存在胎盘陷窝及子宫-膀胱交界面桥接血管;2例产前超声未检出胎盘植入典型征象.结论 产检过程中将高危因素的筛查与PAS产前超声筛查规范相结合,应用二维灰阶超声和彩色多普勒超声全面扫查胎盘对不伴前置胎盘的PAS的诊断具有重要的临床价值.

Objective:To explore the the predictive value of ultrasound signs of the involvement of the cervix in the clinical grade diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum(PAS) with placenta previa and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on PAS patients with placenta previa diagnosed during delivery or by cesarean section in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2018 to March 2021. According to the signs of cervical involvement on prenatal ultrasound, the patients were divided into cervical involvement group and cervical non-involvement group. Logistic analysis was performed on clinical data between the two groups. The clinical data, hysterectomy rate, intraoperative blood loss and clinical diagnosis were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 1 455 patients with PAS diagnosed by clinical diagnosis or placental pathology, of which 170 were with placenta previa, 24 with incomplete clinical data or non-standard ultrasound images, and the remaining 146 patients were included. In the cervical involvement group, all of 6 cases had placenta percreta. Of the 140 cases in the unaffected cervical group, 89 cases (63.6%) had placental accreta, 48 cases (34.3%) had placental increta, and 3 cases (2.1%) had placenta percreta. There were no significant differences of the age and uterine operation history between the two groups. There was significant difference in the number of cesarean sections between the two groups ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, hysterectomy rate and placenta accreta grade diagnosis between the two groups(χ 2/ Z=4.203, 11.165, 95.248, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The ultrasonographic signs of cervical involvement have a good predictive value for the pregnancy outcome of PAS.