BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption during pregnancy has a negative impact on the expectant mother’s body and the fetus, especially in early gestation. Even in small doses, ethanol promotes lipid peroxidation, which is a major pathogenic mechanism for the onset of carbonyl and oxidative stresses. To date, the parameters of these metabolic stresses and their impact in the first trimester of pregnancy remain poorly understood. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the individual parameters of oxidative and carbonyl stresses in the blood plasma of women in the first trimester of pregnancy and their correlation with phosphatidylethanol level as a marker of alcohol consumption. METHODS: This case-control study included women in the first trimester of pregnancy. To identify the fact and amount of alcohol consumption, plasma levels of phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Depending on the marker concentration, groups of women were identified: Group 1, ≤8 ng/ml (non-drinkers, control); Group 2, 8–45 ng/ml (women who consumed less than 1 dose over the past 28 days); and Group 3, ≥45 ng/ml (women who consumed more than 1 dose over the past 28 days). To assess oxidative and carbonyl stress parameters, plasma levels of lipid peroxidation products, advanced oxidation protein products, and oxidative DNA modifications were determined by spectrophotometric and immunoassay methods. RESULTS: The study included 167 women (n = 63 in Group 1, n = 68 in Group 2, and n = 36 in Group 3). The levels of ketodienes and conjugated trienes in Groups 2 and 3 of women were higher than in the control group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). In Group 2, the levels of advanced oxidation protein products and oxidative DNA modifications were lower than in the control group (p 0.001 and p 0.001, respectively) and Group 3 (p = 0.014 and p 0.001, respectively). ROC analysis showed the diagnostic significance of ketodienes and conjugated trienes (p 0.001), advanced oxidation protein products (p = 0.057), and 8-OH-deoxyguanosine (p 0.001) for Group 2 of pregnant women, and only ketodienes and conjugated trienes for Group 3 (p = 0,002). When analyzing pregnant women who consumed alcohol, informative were the levels of advanced oxidation protein products (p = 0,009) and 8-OH-deoxyguanosine (p 0,001). CONCLUSION: The consumption of alcohol by pregnant women, even in small doses, affects free radical homeostasis, which can contribute to metabolic disorders in the mother-placenta-fetus system. The use of ROC analysis revealed that oxidative and carbonyl stress parameters are sensitive markers of alcohol consumption in the first trimester of pregnancy.

We studied the histological structure of the hippocampus in male and female Wistar rats kept on a standard vivarium diet (StD) or a high-calorie diet (HCD) for 16 weeks. The effect of diet-induced visceral obesity correction was also evaluated. To this end, the rats receiving HCD for 8 weeks were transferred to StD for the next 8 weeks. HCD for 16 weeks led to diet-induced visceral obesity and disturbances in the histological structure of the hippocampus in both males and females. The most typical consequences of HCD were neurodegenerative signs, which appeared in different regions of the hippocampus. Transition to StD was effective not only in correcting visceral obesity, but also in leveling neurodegenerative changes in the structure of hippocampal neurons in male and female rats.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome is considered a pressing problem that significantly reduces the quality of life of women. Patients with androgenic phenotypes of this disease are allocated to a special observation group for the development of metabolic disorders and related complications. It has now been proven that there are ethnic differences in the manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome, but its hormonal and metabolic aspects in representatives of the indigenous ethnic groups of Eastern Siberia have not yet been assessed. Understanding these processes will contribute to the personalization of the prevention and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive age. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine changes in the parameters of neuroendocrine regulation and oxidative stress in reproductive-age women of different ethnic groups with hyperandrogenic phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS: This study included 186 women of reproductive age (18–44 years old) living in the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia. Groups of women with polycystic ovary syndrome of Russian (n = 67) and Buryat (n = 27) ethnic groups and corresponding control groups (n = 68 and n = 24) were formed. RESULTS: Both Russian and Buryat ethnic patients with polycystic ovary syndrome had elevated testosterone levels, free androgen indices, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels, as well as reduced sex hormone-binding globulin levels relative to the corresponding control values. At the same time, Russian patients also had increased anti-Müllerian hormone levels. Oxidative stress parameters in the group of Russian ethnic women with polycystic ovary syndrome were expressed by elevated retinol levels, while in Buryat ethnic women, they were expressed by increased values of thiobarbituric acid products, as well as reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol levels. CONCLUSION: The data obtained indicate the presence of dramatic changes in neuroendocrine regulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, regardless of ethnicity. At the same time, compensatory shifts in the antioxidant defense system in women of the Russian ethnicity and activation of lipid peroxidation in patients of the Buryat ethnic group were revealed. The results also indicate the need to assess and control the levels of these metabolites in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, taking into account their ethnicity.

BACKGROUND: Endotoxicosis is a multifactorial pathophysiological process that can significantly affect the mother–placenta–fetus system during gestation. Alcohol consumption is a potential aggravating factor for maternal health, associated with biochemical disturbances both in the mother and the fetus, and may increase the risk of endotoxicosis. AIM: The work aimed to assess endogenous intoxication in women at different stages of pregnancy by measuring the concentration of middle molecules in venous blood and its association with serum phosphatidylethanol (PEth) levels. METHODS: Endogenous intoxication was evaluated by middle molecules levels in pregnant women (n=163). In accordance with PEth 16:0/18:1 concentrations, groups of women were identified according to alcohol consumption levels: group 1 with PEth ≤8 ng/mL (non-drinkers, control); group 2 with 8–45 ng/mL (drinking less than one dose); group 3 with ≥45 ng/mL (drinking more than one dose). Measurements were performed at 6–12, 18–22, 28–32, and 38–40 weeks of gestation. Plasma samples were used for analysis. Middle molecules were determined at λ=238, 254, 260, and 280 nm, followed by calculation of distribution coefficients (238/260, 238/280, 280/254). RESULTS: Compared with controls, significant reductions in middle molecules levels (λ=238 nm) were observed in alcohol-consuming women at 28–32 weeks in both group 2 (p=0.013) and group 3 (p=0.003). Before delivery, middle molecules levels were lower in group 3 compared with controls (p=0.004). A significant decrease in middle molecules levels (λ=280 nm) was detected in group 3 compared with group 2 (p=0.017). In alcohol-consuming women, regardless of PEth 16:0/18:1 levels, significantly lower values of the peptide–nucleotide distribution coefficient 238/260 (p=0.007 and p 0.001 in groups 2 and 3, respectively) and aromaticity coefficient 238/280 (p=0.002 and p 0.001 in groups 2 and 3, respectively) were observed compared with controls at 28–32 weeks. Before delivery, decreases in these coefficients were noted only in group 2 (p=0.006 for 238/260; p=0.015 for 238/280). The 280/254 distribution coefficient was higher in alcohol-consuming women at 28–32 weeks compared with controls (p=0.003 and p=0.014 in groups 2 and 3, respectively). CONCLUSION: The findings indicate reduced levels of specific fractions of middle-molecular toxins reflecting both anabolic and catabolic pools in alcohol-consuming women, which may be associated with serious metabolic disturbances in the mother–placenta–fetus system. Distribution coefficients proved to be sensitive markers for monitoring endogenous intoxication in pregnant women, suggesting a predominance of catabolic processes with accumulation of catabolic products and a possible increased risk of preterm delivery, regardless of alcohol dose.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the parameters of lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation (LPO) - antioxidant defense (AOD) system disorders in Caucasian women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperandrogenism (HA). Methods and Results: 300 Caucasian women of reproductive age (18-44 years) living in the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia territories were examined. According to MetS and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnostic criteria, the following groups were formed: Group 1 included 209 women with MetS, and Group 2 included 23 women with MetS and PCOS (hyperandrogenic phenotypes). The control group (n=68) consisted of practically healthy women. The parameters of lipid metabolism (triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]), lipid peroxidation system (double bounds [DBs], conjugated dienes [CDs], ketodienes and conjugated trienes [KD and CT], thiobarbituric acids reactive substances [TBARS]), and antioxidant defense (total antioxidant activity [TAA], superoxide dismutase [SOD] activity, reduced glutathione [GSH], oxidized glutathione [GSSG], retinol, alpha-tocopherol) were studied. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, and statistic methods were used. In Group 1 (MetS), the levels of TG and LDL-C were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.0001 and P=0.046, respectively). In contrast, the HDL-C level was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0001). Similarly, in Group 2 (MetS+HA), we found an increase in the TG level (P<0.001) and a decrease in the HDL-C level (P=0.008) compared with the control group. (Table 1). There were no differences between Groups 1 and 2 (P>0.05). The LPO reactions were more intense in women with MetS, characterized by a higher content of substrates with DBs (P=0.010) and TBARS (P=0.037) compared with the control group. In Group 2 (MetS+HA), only the TBARS level was statistically significantly higher (P=0.008) than in the control group. In Group 1 (MetS), the SOD activity and the levels of alpha-tocopherol and retinol were significantly higher than in the control group (P=0.005, P=0.017, and P<0.001, respectively) (Table 3). The SOD activity was significantly lower in Group 2 (MetS+HA) than in Group 1 (MetS) (P=0.043). The remaining indicators of antioxidant defense status did not differ significantly between Groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: The data obtained indicated a proatherogenic nature of lipid metabolism, increased LPO reactions, and a compensatory increase in some components of the AOD system in Caucasian women with MetS. In women with the MetS-HA comorbidity, the activity of AOD factors does not increase.

The investigation of periodontitis pathogenesis is critically important due to its global prevalence. It has been established that periodontitis is associated with chronic periodontal inflammation, alveolar bone loss, the development of oxidative stress, and oral microbiota dysbiosis. Oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g., malondialdehyde, 8-OHdG) and genetic factors (CXCR4, SELL, ITGAL) exacerbate tissue damage and osteoclastogenesis. The oral microbiota plays a significant role in the development and progression of periodontitis through complex interactions with host immune responses, mediated by pathogenic bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis and their metabolic byproducts. Emerging therapies targeting OS (e.g., resveratrol, curcumin) and microbial balance highlight the need for integrated treatment strategies. In this context, it is particularly relevant to investigate the interplay between oxidative stress and microbial dysbiosis to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis and its systemic complications.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol negatively affects the fetus, especially in the early stages of gestation. Ethanol promotes the formation of reactive species that are inactivated by the antioxidant defense system. Its important components are fat-soluble vitamins such as retinol and alpha-tocopherol. In this regard, the problem of optimizing the supply of these vitamins during pregnancy is extremely relevant. Both hypo- and hypervitaminosis can contribute to the development of pregnancy complications and the occurrence of fetal developmental abnormalities. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels in the blood of women in the first trimester of pregnancy depending on the level of the alcohol consumption biomarker phosphatidylethanol. METHODS: This study included 167 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and 37 non-pregnant women of reproductive age. To identify the fact and amount of alcohol consumption, we performed a quantitative determination of phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 in blood plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Depending on the phosphatidylethanol concentration, groups of women consuming different doses of alcohol were identified: Group 1 — phosphatidylethanol value ≤ 8 ng/ml (non-drinkers, n = 63); Group 2 — phosphatidylethanol value ranged from 8 to 45 ng/ml (drinkers of less than one dose, n = 68); Group 3 — phosphatidylethanol value 45 ng/ml (drinkers of more than one dose, n = 36). The levels of retinol and alpha-tocopherol were determined by the fluorimetric method. RESULTS: Both the alpha-tocopherol and retinol levels were higher in Groups 2 and 3 compared to the control values (p 0.05). When compared to the group of non-pregnant women, the alpha-tocopherol level was lower in the groups of non-drinking pregnant women (p 0.001) and those drinking less than one dose of alcohol (p = 0.012), with the retinol level being lower only in the group of non-drinking women (p 0.001). CONCLUSION: Even small doses of alcohol consumed by pregnant women affect the retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels, which can increase the risk of pregnancy complications and fetal abnormalities.

The parameters of oxidative damage of DNA, proteins, as well as the parameters of the thiol-disulfide system and C-reactive protein in adolescent girls and boys with exogenous constitutional obesity (ECO) were evaluated. In girls and boys with obesity, the levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (marker of DNA destruction) were higher than in controls. Evaluation of the activity of the thiol-disulfide system revealed increased levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and decreased levels of the reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSSG ratio (GSH/GSSG) in adolescents with ECO regardless of the sex in comparison with the control. C-reactive protein was also higher in the ECO groups regardless of the sex. The levels of glutathione peroxidase in obese boys were higher than in girls. In view of the revealed shifts, corrective measures with the prescription of drugs with antioxidant properties are recommended in adolescents with ECO to stabilize the indices.

We analyzed the state of neuroendocrine regulation and LPO-antioxidant defense systems in reproductive age women with metabolic syndrome (MetS), representatives of the Russian and Buryat ethnic groups. Compared to the corresponding control groups, women from the Russian ethnic group with MetS had elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone and free androgen index (FAI) and reduced levels of sex hormone-binding globulin, while women from the Buryat ethnic group had increased levels of prolactin and FAI. Changes in the LPO system in women of the Russian ethnic group with MetS consisted in an increase in the levels of substrates with double bonds, TBA-reactive substances, and fat-soluble vitamins. Buryat women with MetS had a higher content of primary oxidation products and reduced levels of glutathione. The results of the study indicate a hyperandrogenic shift in the neuroendocrine regulation system, as well as compensatory influences from different parts of the antioxidant defense system in women of reproductive age with MetS, depending on their ethnicity. These findings indicate the need for assessing and monitoring the levels of these metabolites in women with MetS, considering their ethnicity.

Understanding how gut flora interacts with oxidative stress has been the subject of significant research in recent years. There is much evidence demonstrating the existence of the microbiome–oxidative stress interaction. However, the biochemical basis of this interaction is still unclear. In this narrative review, possible pathways of the gut microbiota and oxidative stress interaction are presented, among which genetic underpinnings play an important role. Trimethylamine-N-oxide, mitochondria, short-chain fatty acids, and melatonin also appear to play roles. Moreover, the relationship between oxidative stress and the gut microbiome in obesity, metabolic syndrome, chronic ethanol consumption, dietary supplements, and medications is considered. An investigation of the correlation between bacterial community features and OS parameter changes under normal and pathological conditions might provide information for the determination of new research methods. Furthermore, such research could contribute to establishing a foundation for determining the linkers in the microbiome–OS association.

The tissue preparations of the pelvic veins obtained during laparoscopy were examined. The expression of markers of proliferation (Ki-67), apoptosis (p53), and angiogenesis (CD31, CD34), as well as estrogen and progesterone receptors in women with pelvic varicose veins was assessed by the immunohistochemical method. A decrease in the median expression of the proliferation marker (Ki-67) and estrogen and progesterone receptors and simultaneous increase in the expression of apoptosis marker (p53) and activation of angiogenesis processes (markers CD31 and CD34) were observed with increasing the severity of the disease. These data extend our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of pelvic varicose veins and contribute to the development of methods of pathogenetically based targeted therapy.

We performed a matched-pair analysis of the content of GDF11 and GDF15 proteins in the plasma of patients (56 middle-aged men) with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and healthy volunteers (27 men with no complaints of sleep disorders). The groups were comparable in terms of age and presence of chronic diseases. No statistically significant differences in GDF11 content in the studied groups were revealed, while the content of GDF15 in the OSAS group was 1.3 times higher. These results require further research from the viewpoint of geriatric somnology and molecular biology

The levels of endothelins were assessed in menopausal women with arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the acute phase of the moderate COVID-19. Women under observation (age 45-69 years) were divided into two groups. Control group consisted of women (n=16) who did not have COVID-19, were not vaccinated, and had no antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 (IgG). The main group included women (n=63) in the acute phase of the moderate COVID-19 accompanied by pneumonia. According to the clinical and anamnestic data analysis, the main group was divided into subgroups: without AH and T2DM (n=21); with AH and without T2DM (n=32); and with AH and T2DM (n=10). The parameters of clinical blood analysis, as well as endothelin-1, endothelin-2, and endothelin-3 levels were assessed. In women with a moderate COVID-19, the endothelin-1 and endothelin-2 levels were increased compared to the control regardless of AH and T2DM status. We found no statistically significant differences in the studied parameters of endothelial dysfunction between the subgroups of menopausal women in the acute phase of the moderate COVID-19.

The paper systematizes the available data on the study of oxidative stress, the relative length of telomeres, and telomerase activity in male infertility and disorders of spermatogenesis. The study of telomeres, the structures that protect chromosome ends and genome integrity, is of interest for researchers in various fields, from cell biology and epidemiology to ecology and evolutionary biology. The review includes our own data on the study of the relative length of telomeres, oxidative stress, and telomerase activity and reflects modern ideas about the importance of these structures both in the maintenance of genome stability during cell division and in gametogenesis and reproduction. Many studies indicate the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including male infertility. In turn, studies of telomeres as a biomarker of male infertility are insufficient, and the results obtained are extremely controversial and require deeper knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the dynamics of telomere length.

The main pathophysiological triggers of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome are oxidative stress and hypoxia. These factors cause cellular and molecular disorders that characterize the aging process. The fact that the blood content of the differentiating protein GDF-15 (the “protein of senility”) increases with age, which was revealed by a number of researchers, arouses interest in its assessment in patients with OSA. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in the content of GDF-15 under conditions of oxidative stress and intermittent nocturnal hypoxia with normalization of the nocturnal oxygen gradient in patients with OSA. The study involves 30 men aged 45–55 years with moderate OSA (main group, MG1) and 35 men of the same age without OSA (control group, CG). The MG1 patients are prescribed aРАР therapy (automatic positive airway pressure) during sleep for 6 months. These patients after treatment make up the second main group, MG2. Blood is taken from all the subjects in the morning to determine the content of lipid-peroxidation products and components of antioxidant defense (LPO-AOD) and GDF-15. The following methods are used to evaluate the results: questionnaires, polysomnographic monitoring, spectrometric and radioimmunoassay methods, and statistical analysis. According to the results, an imbalance of the LPO-AOD system with the predominance of oxidation processes in MG1 is revealed demonstrating the coefficient of oxidative stress, which statistically significantly decreases with the elimination of hypoxia and improvement of sleep structure. GDF-15 demonstrates significant differences between MG1 and CG patients with a predominance of content in the group of MG1 patients with OSA. In comparison with the indicators of MG2, no statistical differences are revealed.

We studied the effects of visceral obesity induced by a high-calorie diet and health-improving variants of its correction on morphological characteristics of the muscle tissue in male Wistar rats. At stage I, the rats received standard (StD) or high-calorie diet (HCD) for 8 weeks. At stage II, the animals were divided into the following subgroups: no correction (StD and HCD), switching from HCD to StD (HCD/StD) and/or connection of physical activity in the form of treadmill running (StD+running, HCD+running, and HCD/StD+running) for the next 8 weeks. Diet-induced visceral obesity was shown to result in a decrease in the weight of the triceps surae muscle, fatty infiltration, intracellular edema, partial lysis of contractile elements, weak inflammatory response, and decreased muscle fiber area on cross section. Treadmill running (HCD+running) exacerbates the morphological changes, but returns muscle fiber area to normal. Correction of visceral obesity and relative normalization of muscle tissue structure was noted when switching to a standard diet (HCD/StD and HCD/StD+running).

The assessment of endothelial dysfunction and free radical homeostasis parameters were performed in 92 women, aged 45 to 69 years, divided into the following groups: women without COVID-19 (unvaccinated, no antibodies, control); women with acute phase of COVID-19 infection (main group, COVID-19+); 12 months post COVID-19+; women with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG with no symptoms of COVID-19 in the last 12 months (asymptomatic COVID-19). Compared to the control, patients of the main group had lower glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, decreased advanced glycation end products (AGEs) level, higher glutathione reductase (GR) activity, and higher glutathione S transferases pi (GSTpi), thiobarbituric acid reactants (TBARs), endothelin (END)-1, and END-2 concentrations (all p ≤ 0.05). The group with asymptomatic COVID-19 had lower 8-OHdG and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels, decreased total antioxidant status (TAS), and higher reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG levels (all p ≤ 0.05). In the group COVID-19+, as compared to the group without clinical symptoms, we detected lower GPx and SOD activities, decreased AGEs concentration, a higher TAS, and greater GR activity and GSTpi and TBARs concentrations (all p ≤ 0.05). The high content of lipid peroxidation products 12 months post COVID-19+, despite decrease in ENDs, indicates long-term changes in free radical homeostasis. These data indicate increased levels of lipid peroxidation production contribute, in part, to the development of free radical related pathologies including long-term post COVID syndrome.

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MS) with hyperandrogenism comorbidity in women is considered a common concept; however, the contribution of the neuroendocrine regulation system indicators to this in reproductive age remains unclear.The aim. To analyze the activity of neuroendocrine regulation system in women of reproductive age of different ethnic groups with metabolic syndrome associated with hyperandrogenism.Materials and methods. The groups of women with MS of Russian (n = 209) and Buryat (n = 84) ethnic groups and a group of women with MS and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) of Russian (n = 23) and Buryat (n = 10) ethnic groups were formed.Results. In women of reproductive age of the Russian ethnic group with MS and PCOS the study noted higher levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (p = 0.030), testosterone (Ts) (p = 0.026), free androgen index (FAI) (p < 0.0001), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) (p < 0.0001), and reduced levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (p < 0.0001) in relation to the control; in relation to the group with MS, we discovered increased values of AMH (p < 0.001), Ts (p = 0.030), FAI (p < 0.001), DHEA-S (p < 0.0001), and decreased values of SHBG (p = 0.001). In women of the Buryat ethnic group with MS and PCOS the study recorded increased values of AMH (p = 0.045), Ts (p = 0.002), FAI (p < 0.0001), DHEA-S (p = 0.033), decreased SHBG (p = 0.016) and 17-OH-progesterone (p = 0.027) levels in comparison with the control; in comparison with the group with MS we noted a higher level of DHEA-S (p = 0.006) and a decreased level of SHBG (p = 0.028).Conclusion. Women with metabolic syndrome associated with hyperandrogenism showed more intense changes in the neuroendocrine regulation system relative to control values regardless of ethnicity. In Russian women, the combined syndrome (MS with PCOS) was accompanied by a greater number of hormonal changes compared to the monosyndrome (MS) than in Buryat women. The data obtained indicate the need to assess and control the content of these metabolites in women with MS and PCOS, taking into account ethnicity.

The aim of this article was to show the labor valour during the Great Patriotic War of the employees of the first research institute in Irkutsk, which began its history in 1912, as well as their success of the present time. The oldest scientific institution in the Irkutsk region was originally created on the initiative of the Siberian Medical Society as a laboratory and was transformed into the Chemical and Bacteriological Institute in 1918, and in 1930 it became the Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the People’s Commissariat of Public Health of Russia.By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the institute had an epidemiological department and a microbiological laboratory that carried out epidemiological surveillance and diagnosis of a wide range of infections in Siberia. During the war years, the manufacturing sector with the production of vaccines and serums acquired particular importance. By the end of the war, 285 employees worked at the institute, 32 of them had higher education. During the war years, the production of vaccines against typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, diphtheria, tuberculosis, and smallpox was significantly increased. Serums against tetanus and measles, and a dysentery bacteriophage were produced. At the same time, research projects and thesis works were carried out. The employees of the institute received national and departmental awards, commendations, honorary distinctions, and rewards for their scientific work and production excellence.Currently, the institute continues the glorious traditions of the past and demonstrates truly heroic efforts in the development of virology and microbiology, working in priority areas of medical and biological science. Of course, the works of scientists of the present time will be appreciated only by descendants, as is now happening with the assessment of the work of the Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology during the Great Patriotic War.

Introduction: Pelvic varicosity, a subset of pelvic venous incompetence (PVI), is considered a multifactorial, chronic disease with a progressive course. One effective therapeutic approach may be the use of drugs that inhibit oxidative stress (OS) reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an antioxidant complex on the state of the lipid peroxidation system and venous hemodynamic parameters in the treatment of patients with pelvic varicose veins. Methods: One hundred fifty patients with PVI were divided into two groups of seventy-five each, comparable in basic characteristics. Treatment for both groups included standard therapy with one of the venotropic drugs for 60 days. Additionally, the patients in the second group received an antioxidant complex application (ACA) for 30 days (one course), with a total of three courses over two months. Spectrophotometric and immunoenzymatic research methods were used. Results: In patients with PVI, the application of an antioxidant complex in combination with baseline venotropic therapy resulted in a statistically significant decrease in levels of LH, CDs, TBARs, and an increase in Catalase, SOD, GPO, GR, GST, and GSH after treatment. Additionally, there was an increase in blood flow velocity in varicose pelvic veins (iliac, ovarian, and arcuate), as well as a decrease in the duration of retrograde discharge to 0.3 cm. Conclusion: The use of antioxidant drugs (superoxide dismutase, acetyl glutathione, astaxanthin) in combination with venotropic therapy for the treatment of PVI significantly improves the indices of the lipid peroxidation-antioxidant defense system and venous hemodynamics in the pelvic organs of this patient cohort. The advantages of this complex treatment are evident both in comparison with the data before treatment and with the data from patients on venotropic therapy alone.