3-amino-2, 4-trinitrophenol and 3, 5-diamino-2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol were obtained by vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS) amination of picric acid under the different conditions in the yield of 81% and 78% respectively, which used 4-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole as the aminating reagent. The structures of the products were identified by IR, 1HNMR, and elemental analysis. The thermal decomposition processes were studied by DTA-TG, and their shock sensitivities were tested. The results show that the peak temperatures of thermal decomposition of 3-amino-picric acid and 3, 5-diamino-picric acid are 243.7°C and 286.9°C, respectively, and their characteristic fall heights are 42.8 cm and 56.1 cm, respectively. The peak temperature of thermal decomposition increases and the shock sensitivity is lowered when amino group is introduced into the molecular of picric acid.

To find suitable components for energetic eutectic mixtures,3-amino-2,4,6-trinitroanisole with an overall yield of 76% was synthesized via the sequence methylation-VNS amination of commercial picric acid.And its properties were preliminarily studied by IR,1H NMR and elemental analysis.The mechanism of methylation and VNS amination were discussed.DSC-TG curves show that the endothermic peak temperature is 133.77 ℃ and the exothermic peak temperature is 254.10 ℃.The massloss is about 1.71% at 199.6 ℃.H50 is 82.5 cm and the friction sensitivity is 0%.V50 is 11.42 kV and E50 is 1.99 J.The theoretical detonation velocity is 7.459 km·s-1(ρ=1.709 g·cm-3),and the theoretical detonation pressure is 22.9 GPa(ρ=1.709 g·cm-3).Results show that 3-amino-2,4,6-trinitroanisole is stable to heat.The theoretical detonation velocity and pressure of 3-amino-2,4,6-trinitroanisole are larger than that of TNT.