选择陕北张家峁矿区黄土地,田间接种丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF),种植豆科作物豌豆(Pisum sativum L.),监测其生长、品质、产量和土壤理化特性.结果表明,接种菌根豌豆的菌根侵染率提高了16.11个百分点,菌根与豌豆可形成较好的共生关系.接种菌根后豌豆株高和SPAD比对照分别显著提高了52.34％和29.35％(P<0.05),秸秆生物量和产量分别提高了22.69％、20.61％,菌根植株全氮和全钾含量比对照分别提高了12.72％和22.19％(P<0.05),豌豆植株氮和钾总吸收量分别提高了38.74％和51.89％.接菌植物的品质改善,豌豆可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖分别提高了20.09％和47.99％.接种菌根对土壤电导率、速效磷、速效钾、有机质、全钾、全磷和全氮有增高的作用,对pH有降低的作用,但差异均未达显著水平.接种菌根对黄土农田植物生产力有较好的促进作用,微生物复垦对黄土高原农田生产力改良提供了一种较好的应用潜力.

通过抓项目、办大事,抓产业、促增收,抓示范、树典型,抓培训、强技能,进一步提高正宁县"三农"工作水平,持之以恒地强化农业、惠及农村、富裕农民。

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) plays a critical role in phosphorus (P) cycle in the soil-plant system. AMF can reduce P fertilization amount through improving utilization ratio of P fertilizer and activating soil P availability. Intercropping system of different crops also increases nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency compared with monoculture system. AMF inoculation in intercropping system to reduce soil P loss has become a research hotspot. However, the beneficial effects of combination of AMF and intercropping on plant growth and P accumulation have not been fully understood on the purple soil. In this study, growth and P accumulation of maize (Zea mays L.) intercropped with soybean on purple soil was studied through a pot cultural experiment under different root separation ways and AMF inoculation. Three inoculation treatments [no AMF (NM), Glomus mosseae inoculation (GM), G. etunicatum inoculation (GE)] and three roots separation ways (no separation, nylon net separation, plastic-film separation) were set up. The study may provide a theoretical basis for exploring P nutrient use efficiency of intercropping system with AMF technology. Results showed that differences in AMF colonization rate of intercropped maize among different roots separation ways were not significant under GM treatment, while AMF colonization rate was significantly highest under plastic-film separation and G. etunicatum inoculation (GE treatment). Different AMF treatments showed different effects on intercropped maize growth. GE and GM treatments under three roots separation ways showed obviously different advantages. Compared to NM treatment, GM treatment increased dry biomass and plant height of intercropped maize, improved P uptake under no roots separation; while GE treatment increased dry biomass, improved P uptake under nylon net separation of roots. Furthermore, P uptake amount of intercropped maize under AMF inoculation treatments were higher than no AMF inoculation treatments. The shoots dry biomass of intercropped maize was lower under roots separation treatments than not separation treatment, roots dry biomass showed opposite trend. Whether inoculating AMF or not, root P content and uptake were significantly higher under roots separation with nylon net, while root P uptake efficiency was significantly higher under combination of no roots separation and G. mosseae inoculation than under root separation. In conclusion, AMF inoculation could promote plants growth and roots P accumulation, and showed greater advantages under nylon net separation. Nylon net separation of roots significantly improved growth of maize. The treatment of GE inoculation plus roots separation with nylon net was the best one for intercropped maize growth and P accumulation, which could effectively control P loss from slope farmland in the Dianchi Lake Basin.

介绍了超级杂交稻株两优02的栽培特性和栽培技术规程。株两优02株型紧散适中,根系发达,分蘖力中等,成穗率较高,生长势旺,抽穗整齐,成熟落色好,生育期较稳定,适合于在湖南作中熟早稻栽培。其技术规程是:适时精量播种,培育健壮秧苗;宽行窄株插秧,促进群体通风透光;间歇好气灌溉,促进根系生长和分蘖成穗;看苗定量施肥,提高肥料养分利用率;综合防治病虫,控制有害生物危害。