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20222023

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1水分胁迫对玉米幼苗生长和内源化学信号的影响

姬江涛,马天成,牛晓丽, 李瑞,王治豪, 杨震, 刘志伟, 马元浩

针对干旱胁迫对玉米生长发育带来不利影响的问题,通过分根水培试验,研究充分供水处理(CK)、局部水分胁迫处理(CP)和水分胁迫后局部复水处理(SP)对玉米生长和内源化学信号的影响.结果表明:CP 在6～12 d时地上部干质量增长速率为 117.92%,显著大于 CK的 90.85%,SP 在 0～3 d 时的地上部干质量增长速率为 137.65%,显著大于CK的 104.15%;SP 的根系导水率与根系表面积(R2 分别为 0.832 和 0.825)、根系导水率与叶面积(R2 分别为 0.904 和 0.937)和地上部干质量与叶面积(R2 为 0.913)之间成显著正相关,CP各指标的相关性系数显著大于 SP;CP 和 SP 有利于叶片中脱落酸(ABA)的累积,抑制 CKs 和 NO3- 分泌,1 d时即可发生明显的反应,1～3 d时 SP 影响程度显著大于 CP,之后 CP 的影响程度显著大于 SP.CP 和 SP 均可起到强化补偿效应的目的,但 ABA、CKs和NO3- 三者共同作用导致了CP 补偿效应较SP 更持久.该研究结果揭示了玉米响应非均匀水分胁迫的补偿生长机制,将局部水分胁迫与农业应用有效结合,将是提高玉米生产和水分高效利用的关键策略.

2023Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology(Natural Science)

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2Effects of 6-BA on Growth and Endogenous Chemical Signals of Maize Seedlings under Partial Irrigation

王一博,牛晓丽,代智光,赵犇,马天成, 王佳琛,王治豪

【Objective】 The synthetic cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) is an exogenous regulator to promote plant growth, and the purpose of this paper is to study the effect of 6-BA on growth of maize seedlings watered by different irrigations. 【Method】 We compared two irrigation treatments each having two 6-BA treatments (with and without adding 6-BA): partial water deficit irrigation following a uniform sufficient irrigation (PD for without 6-BA, and PDT for with 6-BA), and partial sufficient irrigation after a uniform deficit irrigation (PR for without 6-BA, PRT for with 6-BA). Sufficient irrigation without 6-BA addition was taken as the control (CK). In all treatments, the concentration of 6-BA was 10 mg/L. For each treatment, we measured the physiological traits of the crop. 【Result】 Compared with CK, PD significantly increased dry root weight on the irrigated side, dry weight of the above-ground parts and the leaf area, but it did not have a noticeable impact on dry root weight on the not-irrigated side; it increased the contents of zeatin (ZA), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-) and soluble protein (Cpr) in the leaves, xylem sap and roots on the irrigated side, but reduced the content of abscisic acid (ABA). PR significantly reduced the weight of dry roots on both sides, weight of dry aboveground parts and leaf area, as well as the contents of ZA, NO3- and Cpr in leaves, xylem sap and roots on both sides, but it increased the content of ABA. Compared with PD and PR, PDT and PRT increased dry weight of the roots on both sides, dry weight of shoots and the leaf areas, as well as the contents of ZA, NO3- and Cpr in the plant, but reduced ABA thereby facilitating compensatory growth of the crop. 【Conclusion】 Partial water deficit irrigation followed a sufficient uniform irrigation is optimal for maize seedling growth, and combined with praying 6-BA, it can further boost compensatory growth of the crop.

2023引用：1

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3Recognition of dense cherry tomatoes based on improved YOLOv4-LITE lightweight neural network

Zhang Fu,Chen Zijun, Bao Ruofei,Zhang Chaochen,Wang Zhihao

对密集圣女果遮挡、粘连等情况下的果实进行快速识别定位,是提高设施农业环境下圣女果采摘机器人工作效率和产量预测的关键技术之一,该研究提出了一种基于改进YOLOv4-LITE轻量级神经网络的圣女果识别定位方法.为便于迁移到移动终端,该方法使用MobileNet-v3作为模型的特征提取网络构建YOLOv4-LITE网络,以提高圣女果果实目标检测速度;为避免替换骨干网络降低检测精度,通过修改特征金字塔网络(Feature Pyramid Networks,FPN)+路径聚合网络(Path Aggregation Network,PANet)的结构,引入有利于小目标检测的104×104尺度特征层,实现细粒度检测,在PANet结构中使用深度可分离卷积代替普通卷积降低模型运算量,使网络更加轻量化;并通过载入预训练权重和冻结部分层训练方式提高模型的泛化能力.通过与YOLOv4在相同遮挡或粘连程度的测试集上的识别效果进行对比,用调和均值、平均精度、准确率评价模型之间的差异.试验结果表明:在重叠度为0.50时所提出的密集圣女果识别模型在全部测试集上调和均值、平均精度和准确率分别为0.99、99.74％和99.15％,同比YOLOv4分别提升了0.15、8.29、6.55个百分点,权重大小为45.3 MB,约为YOLOv4的1/5,对单幅416×416(像素)图像的检测,在图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit,GPU)上速度可达3.01 ms/张.因此,该研究提出的密集圣女果识别模型具有识别速度快、识别准确率高、轻量化等特点,可为设施农业环境下圣女果采摘机器人高效工作以及圣女果产量预测提供有力的保障.

2021Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering（2021）引用：16

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