Results of a shaking table test conducted at the E-Defense shaking table facility were introduced to investigate damage and collapse behaviors of the high-risesteel structure building under exceedingly large ground motions.The experimental specimen was a 1/3 scaledmodel of 18-story steel frame structure building designed and constructed according to design specifications and practices in date from 1980s to 1990s.The input ground motion was a hypothetical long-period and long-duration strong ground motion calculated as a coinstantaneous earthquake of Tokai,Tonankai and Nankai Earthquakes.The building specimen was subjected to a series of progressively increasing scaled motion until complete collapse.Experimental results show that the yielding of the steel frame structure begins in horizontal beams in lower stories and column bases of the first story.After several excitations by increasing scaled motions,cracks initiate at the welded moment connections and fracture of beam flanges spread to the lower stories.As the decrease of shear strength of stories,the drifts of lower stories increase and finally the frame collapsesto settle on the supporting frame.In the experiment,a typical process of collapse of thehigh-rise steel frame structure and hysteretic behaviors of steel structural members including local buckling and fracture were obtained.