The studies of the total ozone column (TOC) field are among the important problems of atmospheric optics. In this paper, the spatial distribution of the TOC over Russian territory is analyzed based on Aura OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) data. The observations for individual areas (sites) are presented in the form of TOC time series, which cover the observation period from January 2005 to December 2022. Integrated (without accounting for the seasonal variations) latitude–longitude features of TOC distribution over the territory under study are revealed; correlation coefficients between the TOC time series for different sites are calculated; their interrelations are studied as functions of the distance between the sites; the spatial autocorrelation function is compiled and the sizes of the spatial inhomogeneities of the TOC field are estimated. The spatial mismatch of the data is analyzed using a parameter representing a measure of the standard deviation from the average mismatch. The results of the work provide an idea of the scale of the spatial correlations in the TOC field and can be used for clarifying the optically active constituent of the atmosphere when developing weather and climate change prognostic models.

Исследования поля общего содержания озона (ОСО) - одна из важных проблем атмосферной оптики. В работе на основе данных прибора Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), установленного на борту космической платформы Aura, анализируется пространственно распределение ОСО над территорией России. Результаты наблюдений для отдельных областей (пунктов) представлены в виде временных рядов ОСО, которые охватывают период наблюдений с января 2005 г. по декабрь 2022 г. Выявлены интегральные (без учета сезонных вариаций) широтно-долготные особенности распределения ОСО на исследуемой территории; вычислены коэффициенты корреляции между рядами для разных пунктов; исследована их взаимосвязь в зависимости от расстояния между пунктами; сформирована пространственная автокорреляционная функция и оценены размеры пространственных неоднородностей поля ОСО. Проанализировано пространственное рассогласование данных с помощью параметра, представляющего собой меру стандартного отклонения от среднего рассогласования. Результаты работы дают представление о масштабах пространственной взаимосвязи поля ОСО и могут быть использованы для уточнения оптически активной компоненты атмосферы (ОСО) при разработке прогностических моделей погоды и изменения климата. The study of the field of total ozone column (TOC) is one of the important problems of atmospheric optics. In this paper, the spatial distribution of TOC over the Russian territory is analyzed based on Aura/OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) data. The observation results for individual areas (points) are presented in the form of TOC time series, which cover the observation period from January 2005 to December 2022. Integral (excluding seasonal variations) latitude-longitude features of TOC distribution over the territory under study are revealed; correlation coefficients between the TOC series for different points are calculated; their relationship is studied depending on the distance between the points; the spatial autocorrelation function is derived and the sizes of spatial inhomogeneities of the TOC field are estimated. The spatial mismatch of the data is analyzed using a parameter which is a measure of the standard deviation from the average mismatch. The results of the work provide an idea of the scale of the spatial correlations in the TOC field and can be used for clarifying the optically active component of the atmosphere when developing weather and climate change prognostic models.

Представлены временные ряды общего содержания озона над Томском, полученные тремя независимыми спектрофотометрами, приводится их сравнительный анализ. Сравнение данных приборов показывает, что они хорошо коррелируют между собой в плане выраженных вариаций, возникающих во временных ходах, но амплитуды этих выбросов отличаются. В целом можно отметить, что значения ОСО, полученные прибором ИОА превышают значения двух других приборов, а наименьшими являются значения ОСО прибора НАСА. Эти наименьшие значения ОСО особо проявляются для летнего и осеннего периодов.

In this study, we present the observations of anomalous aerosol layers in summer-fall period of 2017; the observations were performed at the Siberian Lidar Station in Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, at two wavelengths (355 and 532 nm). At the layer maximum, we recorded a narrow layer ~1 km in altitudinal extents on August 26, 2017 with the scattering ratios R 355 = 2.8 and R 532 = 5.8 at the altitude of 15 km. On subsequent days, the layers spanned a wider altitude interval, but were characterized by smaller scattering ratios. The availability of results from sensing these layers at two wavelengths, and accounting for the lidar ratios on the basis of model values, allowed us to estimate the Ångström exponent ( X ) both in these layers, and at the altitudes that remained undisturbed, i.e. at a background aerosol state. The minimal Ångström exponent is unity or larger in well-defined anomalous layers; while for the background aerosol, localized above 16 km, the Ångström exponent is in the interval ( X = 2.8–3.8), with a pronounced positive gradient with the growing altitude. The constructed back trajectories of air mass motion showed that the source of aerosol layers in the stratosphere over Tomsk had been forest fires in North America (Canada) in the mid-August 2017.

We analyze the annual variations in the total ozone content (TOC) over Tomsk in period of 1994-2017 and integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient (IABC) in period of 2000-2016, obtained using M-124 ozonometer and lidar method respectively. The correlation coefficient between these time series turned out to be -0.23, indicating that, although localized in the same altitude range, these time series are uncorrelated. Study of annual behaviors, formed from these time series, showed that TOC can be fitted by the function sin, while IABC by the function cos. At the same time, both functions depend on a single parameter, i.e., time. These functional relationships constitute the parametric equation of circle on the plane. This allowed us to conclude that the variations of these atmospheric constituents are formed mainly in two perpendicular directions.

The article presents the results of the development of a method for identifying the source of vibroacoustic impact on the sensitive element of the fiberoptic perimeter protection system of industrial facilities. The methodology was tested on the identification of signals from the following sources of vibroacoustic impact: impact over a certain period of time, or shaking the fence (t-impact); short-term impact type impact (ẟ-exposure). In the course of the work, polygon tests of the perimeter security system were conducted, a library of signals was compiled, and characteristic features of signals of various types of impact on the sensitive element of the system were identified. The main signal processing tools are the Fourier and wavelet transforms.

We present the long-term (1994–2017) M-124 ozonometer observations of the total ozone (TO) content over Tomsk. They were used to compile the annual behavior with the corresponding standard deviations. After annual oscillations were removed from the long-term (8766 points) time series, the TO variations were examined for a normality of the distribution. Next, the data obtained (also after being processed to remove the periodicity) were used to calculate the autocorrelation function. A harmonic, corresponding to the annual TO variations, is dominant in the Fourier spectrum. Semiannual oscillations with an-order-of-magnitude lower amplitude were also detected. However, the Fourier spectrum contained no quasi-biennial oscillations, quite often mentioned in the literature. They were extracted using simpler methods of statistical analysis.

We presented the time series (1994-2017) of the total ozone (TO) content over Tomsk, obtained using M-124 ozonometer. These data were used to compose the average annual behavior. After the TO time series was processed to remove the annual oscillations, its variations were examined for a normality of the distribution. Annual and semiannual TO variations have been manifested in the Fourier spectrum. Application of simpler methods of statistical analysis allowed us to identify the quasibiennial oscillations.

We present the annual variations in the total ozone (TO) content over Tomsk in the period of 1994-2017, obtained using М-124 ozonometer, and in the integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient in the period of 2000-2016. Their analysis made it possible to formulate the notion of seasonal behavior of these constituents and to compare their variations with the processes in “charging”/“discharging” capacitor.

We present the results of statistical analysis of time series of integrated (over stratosphere) aerosol backscattering coefficient, obtained at the Siberian Lidar Station in the period 2000-2016. The analysis had the following purposes: to identify the distribution functions of variations on the basis of histograms of experimental values; to determine the time intervals of interrelation in the total aerosol content on the basis of autocorrelation functions; to extract the periodic components in the time series with the use of procedures of fast Fourier transform.

We present the results of lidar measurements of the vertical distribution of optical parameters of anomalous aerosol formations in the atmosphere and the polarization state of backscattered sounding radiation, obtained in Tomsk (56.48°N; 85.05°E) and Surgut (61.25°N; 73.43°E) in April–May 2010. Data from measurements using back trajectory analysis of atmospheric air-mass transport according to the NOAA HYSPLIT MODEL showed that the observed anomalous aerosol formations were due to transport of the products of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption in Iceland (April 14, 2010). First traces of the volcanic eruption were recorded in the troposphere over Tomsk on April 19. The volcanic aerosol persisted in the troposphere for about 10 days in total; it penetrated into the stratosphere insignificantly and could not have noticeable long-term radiation and thermal effects.

We demonstrated the presence of quasi-biennial oscillation in time behaviors of integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient and total ozone over Tomsk. For analysis of time behavior of aerosol characteristic we used lidar sensing data, while ozone variations were analyzed using measurements of M-124 instrument and TOMS.

At Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) in Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk (56.5degreesN; 85.1degreesE) we perform regular lidar measurements of the profiles of vertical distribution of optical characteristics of stratospheric aerosol at wavelength 532 nm with receiving telescope of a diameter 0.3 m. The temperature profile is measured in the altitude interval 10-70 km: from molecular backscattering signal at wavelength 532 nm in altitude range 30-70 km and from signal of Raman scattering by nitrogen at wavelength 607 nm in altitude range 10-30 km with receiving telescope of a diameter 2.2 m. In this paper we analyze the data of long-term (since 1986) lidar observations of stratospheric aerosol layer, performed at Siberian Lidar Station and data of expedition measurements in summer-fall periods of 2001-2003, obtained in Siberian region from middle to subpolar latitudes (from 52degrees to 69degreesN and from 73degrees to 106degreesE). Main attention is paid to analysis of data of last years of measurements obtained under conditions of "new" background period of long-term absence of explosive volcanic eruptions (last observed in June 1991).

The paper presents the results of lidar studies of the optical characteristics of stratospheric aerosol layer (SAL) obtained at the Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) at Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS (Tomsk: 56.5degreesN, 85.0degreesE) since 1986. Of concern are the dynamics of integrated SAL characteristics and vertical distribution of aerosol layers in the stratosphere perturbed by powerful volcanic eruption and under background conditions. Criteria of background SAL state for Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes are suggested.

Multiyear lidar measurements of characteristics of stratospheric aerosol layer, made at midlatitude observatories in Tomsk (56.5°N, 85.0°E) and Minsk (53.9°N, 27.5°E), are analyzed and used to study the processes of long-term relaxation of the aerosol-perturbed stratosphere after powerful volcanic eruptions to background state. The absence of significant seasonal variations of vertical stratification of stratospheric aerosol and exponential altitudinal decrease of aerosol backscattering coefficient are proposed as criteria of background state of stratospheric aerosol layer for Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes.