加强石油石化行业安防体系建设,是新时代提高防范抵御重大风险能力、深化平安建设的必然选择,是维护社会安定有序和国家长治久安的重要基础.面对国家治理体系和治理能力现代化要求,加快探索构建一个具有时代特征社会化、法治化、专业化、智能化的石油石化行业安防体系,提升治理效能,显得尤为必要和迫切.本文通过梳理国家有关制度,剖析当前石油石化行业存在的主要问题,提出以编织"五张网"、创新"五项机制"为框架的安防体系建构基本路径.

Since the multidimensional protection system of oil and gas pipelines in China has many shortages and weak links, this paper analyzes American and Canadian laws and standards on safety protection of oil and gas pipelines and relevant regulations on safety protections of pipelines in the petroleum enterprises in both countries. The paper points out that China's standards lag way behind in normal manual protection, physical protection, technical protection, etc, introduces examples and advanced ideas of safety protection of pipelines in US and Canada, in view of common practices in safety protection of oil and gas pipelines in China, puts forward suggestions on improving and strengthening safety protection of oil and gas pipelines, which include establishing supervision institution, making responsibility clear-cut and constructing safety protection technical system.

In its development process of the Kela-2 gas field under abnormally high pressure,as the effective overburden pressure is changed dramatically,the reservoir rock deforms easily to cause the porosity and permeability to become smaller,which will have a relatively great impact on the gas field development.Using the actual core in the Kela-2 gas field,the characteristics of stress sensitivity have been studied in laboratory experiments and the research predicted the change laws and affecting factors in the gas field development.Results indicate that in the Kela-2 gas field,the reservoir permeability and porosity are related to the power function with the effective overburden pressure,porosity change laws are relatively consistent and the porosity change intervals are comparatively small;the change of penetration rate is relatively complex:the lower the initial penetration rate of the rock is,with the effective pressure increasing,the sooner the decline rate and the greater the decline rate under the same effective pressure are.As the Kela-2 gas field has been developed with depletion-drive to the abandonment pressure,the reservoir comprehensive physical properties changed insignificantly,the absolute value of porosity reduced from 0.5% to 1.5% and the integrated penetration rate decreased by 18.2%;these changes have little effect on the production capacity of gas reservoir.