为探究不同滤嘴设计的卷烟爆珠单体香料成分的释放行为,分析了爆珠添加位置和滤嘴打孔情况对40种代表性单体香料成分在卷烟主流烟气中的迁移率和逐口释放量的影响.结果表明:①在迁移率方面,爆珠添加位置和滤嘴打孔情况对香味成分的释放影响显著.单体香料成分的迁移率爆珠位置在6 mm(距嘴端)处时大于18 mm处,不打孔滤嘴大于打孔滤嘴.对醇类、酮类和酯类中属于同系物的单体香料成分来说,同一成分爆珠添加位置在6 mm处情况下的迁移率与在18 mm处迁移率的比值随分子质量数的变化趋势不同;同一成分在不打孔滤嘴情况下的迁移率与打孔滤嘴迁移率的比值随分子质量数的变化趋势一致,且随分子质量数的增加而减小.②在单体香料成分逐口释放量及单位TPM逐口释放量方面,爆珠添加于6 mm处时均大于18 mm处;不打孔滤嘴单体香料成分逐口释放量大于打孔滤嘴,而打孔滤嘴单位TPM逐口释放量大于不打孔滤嘴.③沸点较低的香味成分,如己酸乙酯、庚酸乙酯、2-庚酮、2-辛酮和正戊醇等,在逐口抽吸至第4口和第5口时的释放量增幅较明显.

为对烟草的最优势霉菌种类进行更具时效性的监控,本文首次提出一种霉菌酵母测试片结合NIR技术快速鉴别霉变烟叶上最优势霉菌种类的方法.将霉变烟叶上的霉菌用生理盐水稀释成不同梯度,并将稀释液制备成含菌测试片.应用NIR技术对培养后的含菌测试片进行光谱采集,获得具有不同种类最优势霉菌特征信息的近红外光谱数据.利用离散小波变换对光谱进行预处理,探究基于不同的小波基函数和小波分解层数的光谱预处理效果,运用随机森林算法构建不同最优势霉菌种类的鉴别模型.训练集识别正确率达98.25％,测试集预测正确率达99.30％,模型分类性能良好,能够用于识别常见的烟草最优势霉菌种类.本方法操作步骤简单,检测速度快,预测准确率高,为特定环境微生物种属鉴定提供了新的思路.

A total of 16 cigarette samples of two brands from different manufacturers were used as examples to research and develop a method of classification analysis based on measurements of volatile aroma components with a Purge and Trap-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (P&T-GC/MS) method. The aroma components data were submitted for interpretation to cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed that the 16 samples were grouped into two categories corresponding to their brands and these two groups were well separated with each other, indicating that the volatile aroma components well characterized the similarity of cigarettes from the same brand, as well as the difference between cigarettes from different brands. The method provides reference for cigarette style characterizing, quality maintenance and authenticity discrimination.