随着社会的发展,科学技术的不断提高,人们发现稀土金属在提高产品质量、增强产品性能等方面已表现出其独特的优势,但也存在稀土材料传统制备方法周期长、高端应用领域研究不够深入等问题.文中主要介绍了离子交换法、热分解法、水热/溶剂热法、共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法等制备稀土材料的最新进展,并着重介绍了稀土在永磁材料、发光材料、催化材料、储氢材料和高纯靶材等方面的高端应用.根据以上分析,革新稀土制备方法和挖掘新的稀土材料,使其在电子信息、汽车尾气净化、航空航天以及生理医疗等领域发挥更大的作用.最后,对提高稀土产品附加值、开发稀土新材料、优化稀土生产工艺及发展稀土高端应用进行了展望.

A new method for controlling surface residual stress on pure titanium（TA2）surface anodic oxide film is proposed,and the effect of residual stress regulation on microstructure and corrosion resistance of the film is studied.The results indicate that in the anodic oxidation process,the surface residual stress accelerates the growth rate of the film,obviously increases the film thickness and the film density and film stability,reduces the vacancy defect of the film and the channel of Cl-ion transmission.When the residual stress is 73.3 MPa,the thickness of the passive film can reach 270 nm,5 times that of the unapplied residual stress sample.Excellent film structure determines its excellent corrosion resistance:The self-corrosion potential is increased from-1.36 V to-1.0--1.15 V,and the self-corrosion current density is decreased from 1.15×10-4A·cm-2to（4.17-9.0）×10-5A·cm-2,being 26.5%increase and 63.7%decrease,respectively.It provides an effective reference for the in-depth protection of titanium and titanium alloy.