Objective: To analyze the clinical and imaging features of hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (HCP).Methods:One case of HCP was reported,and the relevant literature was reviewed and retrospectively analyzed.Results:The patient experienced headache at the onset of illness along with decreased visual acuity. Hematology test:ANA(+).Lumbar puncture:cerebrospinal fluid pressure≥330 mmH2O.Cerebral MRI,plain and enhanced: cerebral falx and tentorium of cerebellum, bilateral frontal parietal dura thickening and enhancement.Dural biopsy:fibrous hyaline tissue scattered around lymphocytes and plasma cells,most apparent surrounding blood vessels. Immunohistochemistry: CD138 (+), IgG (individual cells +), IgG4 (individual cells+).Hormone therapy significantly improved symptoms.We collected data of 189 cases of HCP reported in the last 5 years. Headache is the most presented initial symptom. Dural hypertrophy and enhancement in different parts of the head was observed in all patients by plain and enhanced cranial MRI. After hormone treatment, combined hormone and immunosuppressive treatment, or surgical treatment, more than 90% of the patients'symptoms were improved. Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of HCP can be characterized by chronic headache, cranial nerve involvement, and ataxia. It is imperative to perform hematological examination, plain and enhanced cranial magnetic resonance imaging,and,when necessary,dura mater biopsy to make a diagnosis.

目的:探讨颅内静脉窦血栓(CVST)形成合并脑出血患者的临床特点及影像学特征.方法:选取确诊为CVST合并脑出血的患者9例,收集其临床资料,并进行回顾性分析.结果:9例患者中病因为产褥期4例,服用避孕药物1例,外伤后1例,面部痤疮挤压后1例,其他既往体健.实验室检查:凝血7项示D-二聚体水平升高者3例;血常规示白细胞增多者5例,后复查降至正常.予低分子肝素治疗8例,仅予对症支持治疗者1例;1例住院期间继发脑疝死亡,另8例好转出院.结论:临床上对存在可疑病因,伴有头痛、视乳头水肿等高颅压症状,应考虑CVST可能,需及时完善实验室及影像相关检查,一旦确诊,及时予抗凝等治疗.