This study explored vegetation growth dynamics and their response to hydrothermal changes in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, using GIMMS and MODIS NDVI datasets. The findings reveal: (1) From 2001 to 2019, the MODIS NDVI growth rate (0.0040/a) exceeded the GIMMS NDVI rate (0.0009/a) from 1982 to 2015. (2) The years 1995, 2013, and 1998 are inflection points for GIMMS NDVI, MODIS NDVI, and the annual average temperature, respectively, marking shifts from negative to positive anomalies. (3) Specifically, 56.88% of the area exhibits a significant upward trend for GIMMS NDVI, 69.18% for MODIS NDVI, and 92.5% for the average annual temperature. However, the rainfall trends are inconclusive. (4) Both NDVI datasets show a strong positive correlation with temperature. However, the correlation of MODIS NDVI with temperature was weaker than that of GIMMS NDVI. (5) Broadleaf forests (BDF), coniferous forests (NDF), and tropical monsoon rainforests (TMF) exhibited a significant positive correlation with temperature across both NDVI datasets. In contrast, farmland (FL), grassland (GL), and shrublands(SHR) exhibit varying relationships with temperature. This study enhances our understanding of the interaction between vegetation and climate change on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, providing insights into regional ecological conservation.

: Global warming leads to the degradation of permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has an important impact on the growth and distribution of its vegetation. However, the reduction and destruction of vegetation may lead to the degradation or disappearance of frozen soil, which will have a large-scale impact on engineering buildings and frozen soil ecological environment in cold regions. There is serious spatial heterogeneity in vegetation growth and change in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, so it is urgent to quantitatively study the process of surface vegetation change along Qinghai-Tibet Highway. In this study, MODIS data was used to study the characteristics of vegetation growth along the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2000 to 2021, and it was found that the vegetation on the east side of the highway was better than that on the west side. On the whole, the vegetation growth from 2000 to 2021 showed a slight upward trend.

The Tuotuo River is located in the hinterland of the permafrost-developed Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and is an important source of the Yangtze River. As global climate warming, the study of its vegetation growth dynamics is of great significance for the monitoring of ecosystem security in the region. At the same time, it can provide important basic data for the construction of projects in the region after clarifying the long time series dynamics of vegetation in the region. In this study, the vegetation growth characteristics of the Tuotuo River from 2000 to 2021 were investigated using MODIS data, and it was found that the vegetation growth in the watershed variable in terms of growth and decline between 2000 and 2021, although there was still a slight trend towards improvement.

The three rivers source area (The source region of the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River) has the largest area of river source areas in China, and is also an important climate-sensitive area and ecologically fragile zone. Studies on its vegetation growth dynamics are of great significance to the construction of ecological security barriers in China and the construction of ecological civilization in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region. The study investigated the vegetation dynamics in the three rivers source area by using the GIMMS NDVI dataset from January 1982 to December 2015. The results show that the monthly NDVI and multi-year average spatial distribution of NDVI values in the three river source areas follow the same trend, with the NDVI values in the Lancang and Nujiang river basins being significantly larger than those in the Yangtze river basin; while the spatial distribution of NDVI annual change rates in the three river source areas is the opposite, with the annual NDVI change rates in the Yangtze river source area being better than those in the Lancang and Nujiang river basins.

成果以高原草地为主要研究对象,利用遥感、无人机和生态学样本调查法获取的数据系统研究了高原草地植被参数与土壤参数高精度、大尺度的获取过程,揭示了植物-土壤界面重要参数的高精度获取机理,解析了其高精度获取的技术途径.

现代信息技术的发展使得我国农业朝着智慧农业方向蓬勃发展,显著提高了农业生产的智能化科学化水平,遥感具有远距离感知、无损监测的特点,越来越多地被用于农情监测.对遥感在智慧农业中的应用原理进行了介绍,对遥感在大尺度农情监控上的应用与方法进行了归纳总结,具体包括土地利用现状与土地资源调查、长势监测与产量预报、作物灾害损失评估与预报3个方面,并对遥感在农田尺度信息服务上的应用做了介绍,总结了遥感在智慧农业中应用的瓶颈问题以及今后的发展方向.

无人机遥感信息技术广泛应用于地表类型分类及监测.本研究均匀提取分布于研究区内的982个分类样本点,利用包括Sentinel-1/2 (S1/2)数据集、S2数据集计算获得的植被指数(Vegetation index,Ⅵ)数据集和数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)数据集的遥感影像资料,借助随机森林分类模型完成研究区地表类型分类.结果 显示:4种数据集组合(S2数据集、S2&Ⅵ数据集、S2&Ⅵ&DEM数据集,以及4个S2波段b3&b2&b4&b6组成的数据集)的制图总体精度(Overall Ac-curacy,OA)和Kappa系数精度都在75％和65％以上.此外,在不考虑位于边缘的样本点(即混合像元)后,分类制图结果具有更好的鲁棒,3种分类精度最高的数据集(S2数据集、S2&Ⅵ数据集和S2&Ⅵ&DEM数据集)OA和Kappa系数精度都提高至85％和79％以上.特别是kappa系数的精度更优,提高了近15％.本文研究结果为喀斯特地区的地表类型制图提供了准确而有效的技术手段.

生态系统服务功能评估不仅是环境保护和生态系统稳定性评估的定性、定量研究手段,同样其对人类生活的服务功能也具有重要作用.贵州是全国石漠化面积最大的省份,生态环境异常脆弱.将多种具有生态系统服务功能的模型应用到贵州省,是近年研究的一个热点.在国内外涌现出的各类生态服务评估模型中,InVEST模型的开发应用更加成熟,并且在国内生态系统服务功能评估中推广应用.基于上述原因,通过详细阐述InVEST模型的基本内容和特点、应用现状以及该模型的应用局限性和发展趋势,为该模型在贵州的应用与发展提供科学支持,并为后续的石漠化地区生态系统服务功能模型相关研究提供部分理论依据和科学指导.

氮是植物生长的基本营养元素,对氮含量的监测有助于及时了解植物的代谢过程和健康状况.高光谱技术能够对叶片氮含量进行无损快速的检测,已成为叶片氮含量检测的重要手段之一.采用高光谱技术对冷杉叶片氮含量进行估算,首先分别采用相关系数法、连续投影法、LASSO算法对4种形式的光谱变量R,R′,log(1/R),log(1/R)′进行敏感波段筛选,对筛选后的敏感波段分别采用偏最小二乘、随机森林、支持向量机进行建模反演.结果显示:两种导数形式变量的反演误差最小;且相关系数&Log(1/R)′,LASSO&Log(1/R)′能够有效筛选出叶片氮含量的敏感波段组合,无论采取何种建模方法,其估算效果在几种筛选方法组合中最好,R2>0.84,RMSE在0.19～0.24,估算效果明显优于全波段建模;随机森林算法对相关系数法和LASS0算法筛选出的Log(1/R)′形式变量的反演误差最小,但对其他形式变量的反演误差变化范围较大,表现并不稳定.3种变量筛选方法筛选出的R形式的变量与前人研究相符,连续投影算法能筛选出更多与叶片其他化学含量相关的波段,证明了3种变量筛选方法的有效性.

With the rapid development of 3S and drone technology, the size of existing aerial data is getting larger and larger. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for quickly geo-locating feature points of aerial photographs. This article aims at the above situation through the following 5 steps to achieve: modify the name of aerial photos, unified aerial photos in a separate folder, extract aerial photo center latitude and longitude information, match aerial photos to the location of longitude and latitude information and identify the type of feature and mark. Finally, it was found that after positioning using the above steps of this method, subsequent operations will save more than 70% of the time.

全球气候变暖已导致多年冻土发生严重的退化,现已威胁到许多区域的生态安全,特别是作为五大畜牧业生产基地的天山地区.当前区域内的研究多针对冰川进行分析,较少对多年冻土深入挖掘.通过39景ENVISAT ASAR影像(覆盖时间从2003年6月17日到2010年6月15日),利用SBAS-InSAR方法监测区域内多年冻土区的地表形变现状.详细介绍算法原理,生成ASAR数据集单视复数影像的连接图时,以空间和时间基线距分别小于500 m和550 d为原则,生成126幅差分干涉图.其中因基线和多普勒质心差的原因,6景ASAR影像没有进行配对.生成连接图后,配合STRM V4版本的DEM数据,经过干涉图去平、自适应滤波、相干系数图生成、相位解缠后,再对这126对干涉图进行质量较差52对的移除.利用地面控制点,进行轨道精炼和重去平等操作,估算形变速率和残余地形,经过相关系数阈值控制和奇异值分解(SVD)方法,再结合空间低通滤波和时间高通滤波方法,计算得到研究区时间序列地表形变反演.反演结果共包括33期形变影像,涉及时间从2004年至2010年.根据研究区形变结果可知,虽然区域内有不同程度的沉降和抬升,但整体的形变速率在±5cm·yr-1之内,平均形变速率为(-0.07±3.38)mm·yr-1,说明研究区内地表存在轻微的沉降现象.此外以3000 m海拔为界,分别探讨分布季节冻土和多年冻土的平原地区和山地区域形变规律发现,平原地区的形变主要表现为抬升,仅北方接近城市的区域表现出强烈的沉降现象.而山区的形变结果则较为零散,整体形变基调以沉降为主,大体上在西部和东部地区分别呈现出沉降和抬升现象.海拔高于3000 m的形变点存在15198个,利用温度和降水数据,探讨形变点不同形变间隔和总体样本的温度和降水年变化规律后得知,总体和不同变形速率间隔的形变样本点基本都呈现出逐步变暖的趋势.并且研究区的山区地表形变速率小于-2.0 cm·yr-1、在-2.0～2.0 cm·yr-1之间和大于2.0 cm·yr-1的样本点数量依次为6364,6449和2385个,山区地表负值的区域多于正值的区域,体现出该区域的沉降位置多于抬升位置,也同全球变暖,冻土退化,地表发生沉降的规律相一致.利用主动微波波谱段的ASAR数据,成功反演了2004年至2010年间的研究区地表形变结果,并从地表形变反演结果的空间角度、时间角度和冻土变化的时间滞后性进行了讨论和展望.以上研究结果期望能为天山区域多年冻土区的地表形变监测提供新的途径和参考.

A study was carried out at a subtropical zone of southern west China to test if hyperspectral methods could be used to measure turf canopy chlorophyll concentration, and to analyse correlation between green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI) values. Turf chlorophyll concentration, canopy hyperspectral reflectance, and visual rating were measured. The results showed that canopy hyperspectral reflectance value was more sensitive to the turfgrass chlorophyll concentration difference than visual rating both among turfgrass species. Visual rating value and hyperspectral index were both highly correlated with canopy chlorophyll concentration. Regression analysis indicated a strong linear correlation between GNDV and visual rating value. Hyperspectral technique can provide an improved method to evaluate turfgrass chlorophyll concentration and to quantify turfgrass color.

Abstract Taking mercury-contaminated farmland in Tongren city, Guizhou province as study area, we conducted five interpolation methods, including inverse distance weight, radial basis function, global polynomial, local polynomial and kriging, for the collected soil mercury content data. The interpolation results were evaluated by cross validation. The results indicated that the five methods can accurately reflect the spatial distribution characteristics of the study area and the interpolation effect and precision of kriging method are optimal. In kriging method, the accuracy of removing second-order trends is highest, and the interpolation effect of exponential model is the best. The variation function model of kriging method shows that soil mercury content in this region is mainly affected by natural factors, but less affected by random factors.

Global shrub encroachment (SE) affects the structure and function of grassland ecosystem. The effects of SE on plant and soil abiotic properties have been well studied; however, little is known about the extent to which driving forces structure soil microbes under SE, especially in subalpine regions of the Guizhou Plateau of China, which is undergoing progressive SE. We investigated the plant factors (viz, plant diversity and relative shrub cover), soil physicochemical properties, enzymatic activities, and microbial communities, quantified microbial element limitations under three encroachment stages, and disentangled the effects sizes of the factors that structure the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities. Redundancy analysis showed that soil factors made a greater contribution than plant factors to shaping the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial community, soil chemical factors made a greater contribution than physical factors both to structuring the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial community and to structuring the composition of the soil fungal community; and soil nutrient stoichiometry made a greater contribution than soil nutrient content to shaping soil bacterial community's diversity and fungal community's composition. In contrast, soil nutrient content made a greater contribution than soil nutrient stoichiometry to shaping the soil bacterial community's composition. The decrease in bacterial community's diversity observed under SE was attributable to increases in the carbon and nitrogen limitations consequent to SE, and the nitrogen limitation had a greater contribution to the soil bacterial community's diversity and composition than did the carbon limitation. These findings provide updated knowledge of the driving forces shaping the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities, which could be crucial for improving microbial prediction models and revealing the element cycling that occurs in SE biomes.

Abstract Changes of permafrost and the active layer affect geophysical process, water circulation, biological diversity and carbon storage. The monitoring of ground surface deformations is crucial and necessary to estimate the degradation of permafrost environment. In this study, the ground motions of the Tanggula section in the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau (QTP), a region with limited in situ measurements at spatial scale, have been investigated by the small baseline SAR interferometry (SBAS-InSAR). In total, 17 C-band ENVISAT ASAR images (acquired from January 1, 2009 to August 19, 2010) were employed. The results show that the ground surface motion was primarily in the range of – 7.6 mm per year to 6.7 mm per year, and the correlation coefficients and the P-values between deformations and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Surface Temperatures (LSTs) were ranged from -0.24 to -0.47 and from 0.09 to 0.41, respectively. And the precision file of the surface displacement rates map is showed that the estimated displacement velocity is reliable. Our study has observed that the majority of ground surface (approximately 70%) was relatively stable in the study period with displacements in the range of -2 mm per year to 2 mm per year and the ground subsidence is larger than the ground heave, implying the necessity of time series deformations surveillance derived from satellites in the permafrost environment.

Southwest China is considered to be one of the three major karst regions in the world. Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) can be an important factor in delineating the various steps in the karst regional evolutionary process that is expected to results in rocky desertification. Remote sensing using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a new method of investigating, extracting, and monitoring vegetation. In this method, error correction of the results of five other classification methods that involve imaging using visible-light bands (EXcess Green, Normalized Green-Red Difference Index, Normalized Green-Blue Difference Index, Red-Green Ratio Index and Visible-band Difference Vegetation Index)), it was found that the classification accuracy for nonvegetation areas is improved after combining the normalized difference vegetation indices of the remote sensing images.