В работе изучали, связаны ли полиморфные варианты генов CHRNA5/A3, CYP2A6, NQO1, XPС, XRCC1, XRCC3, XPD, XPA с возникновением и развитием хронической обструктивной болезни легких в этнической группе татар. Показано, что с возникновением этой болезни ассоциированы локусы CHRNA5 (rs16969968) (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.24 в рецессивной модели) и CHRNA3 (rs1051730) (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.72 в рецессивной модели). Риск развития заболевания связан с вариантом без делеции локуса CYP2A6 (del) (P = 0.00001, OR = 2.77). Локусы NQO1 (rs1131341), XRCC1 (rs25487), XRCC3 (rs861539), XPС (rs2228001) и XPA (rs1800975) также ассоциированы с развитием этой болезни (P = 0.000001, OR = = 2.67; P = 0.00001, OR = 0.51; P = 0.0003, OR = 1.76; P = 0.0004, OR = 0.54 и P = 0.007, OR = 0.74 в аддитивной модели). Установлена взаимосвязь между статусом курения и локусом XPA (rs1800975) (Pinteract = 0.002), а локусы rs16969968, rs1051730 кластера генов CHRNA3/5 связаны с развитием заболевания только в группе курильщиков. У носителей делеции гена CYP2A6 (CYP2A6*4) снижается показатель индекса курения (P = 0.0019). Генотип TT локуса XRCC3 (rs861539) характеризуется более низкими показателями функции внешнего дыхания: жизненной емкости легких (P = 0.0487), функции форсированной жизненной емкости легких (P = 0.0032) и объема форсированного выдоха за первую секунду (P = 0.02). Величина показателя форсированной жизненной емкости легких зависит от генотипа локуса XPA (rs1800975) (P = 0.0028).

In order to assess the association of genes of immune response molecules (LTA, TNFA, IL6, IL1B, ILRN, VDBP) with the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was performed the PCR-RFLP analysis of polymorphic loci in groups of patients (391 pers.) and healthy individuals (514 pers.). The association with COPD was found for locus VDBP (1307C>A) (P=0.014, OR=1.42) and haplotype C-T (GC*F) for loci 1307C>A and 1296T>G gene VDBP (P=0.0028, OR=0.71). Marker for risk of COPD is the locus genotype GG IL6 (-174G>C) (P=0.0042, OR=1.38). The identified association is confirmed only in ethnic Tatars. With the development of COPD in Russian is associated locus LTA (252A>G) (P=0.0085, OR=4.64). Significant associations with the development of the early manifestations of COPD were obtained with loci IL1RN (VNTR) (P=0.0024, OR=0.48) and VDBP (1307C>A) (P=0.0029, OR=1.60). The phenotype of COPD with primary lesionof bronci is associated with loci IL1RN (VNTR) (P=0.0032, OR=0.58), VDBP (1307C>A) (P=0.0097, OR=1.58) and IL6 (-174G>C) (P=0.0059, OR=2.14). Loci VDBP (1307C>A) (P=0.0073, OR=1.51) and IL6 (-174G>C) (P=0.019, OR=1.46) modify the severity of illness. Was found the interrelation between smoking and loci of VDBP (1296T>G) (P Meaca=0.05104) and ILRN (VNTR) (Pinteagct=0.05866) at the development of COPD. We undertook a study which showed the significance of polymorphous gene loci VDBP, IL6, IL1RN and LTA as markers of risk for COPD development, were identified the pathogenic effects of gene-environment interactions in the development of the disease. The results obtained represent a contribution to understanding the structure of genetic predisposition to the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease development.

The aim of the study was to identify opportunities inspiratory expiratory HRCT in identifying the nature of the structural changes of the lung tissue in patients with COPD at different degrees of obstructive disorders. The study included 40 patients with COPD – 37 men (56,7 ± 6 years) and 3 women (63,5 ± 5 years), smoking history of at least 20 pack-years. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 patients with mild (9 pers.), group 2 – patients with moderate (12 pers.), group 3 – patients with severe (11 pers.), group 4 – patients with extremely severe (8 pers.). Leading diagnostic HRCT signs are symptom – expiratory trap, which met nearly all patients with COPD, regardless of severity. The rest of the above – HRCT findings in patients with COPD varied severity of various manifestations, determining the degree of severity of the disease from the perspective of beam diagnostics.

The aim of the study was to measure blood viscosity and verification of dynamic blocking at low differential pressures inherent to living organism. In the range of low velocities of shear rate (0.1-10 s-1) viscoelastic properties of blood are under the influence of red blood cells aggregation, viscosity is greater than at high rates of shear rate (10-1000 s-1). It was found that the presence of red blood cells leads to a significant acceleration of the appearance of blocking effect. This effect was first observed in the capillary channels flow of high concentrated invert water-oil emulsions, the flow was slowing and then stopped in the course of time despite the permanent pressure drop. If in the blood flow vertically down in course of time comes a fairly stable dynamic blocking, then for it flow up after beginning the blocking sedimentation processes lead to the resumption of flow, and further similarity of the self-oscillatory regime is revealed.