本文从大陆与台湾地区医学检验本科教育的基本情况、课程设置、实践教学、英语教学、毕业论文几方面进行比较,分析两岸医学检验本科教育的共同点及各自特点,以供同行探讨和借鉴.

The drug delivery systems (DDSs) introduced in recent years have been wide recognized to greatly evaluate the efficacy of drugs. With the aim to increase drug targeting to tumors as well as decrease the side effect of both drug and drug carriers, this study has developed a hybrid DDS by incorporation zinc based metal-organic framework (Zn-MOF) and folic acid (FA). Moreover, adriamycin (Adr) as a model anticancer drug was loaded into the FA/Zn-MOF nanoparticle. The as-prepared FA/Zn-MOF/Adr was expected to serve as a tumor targeting DDS that capable of effectively delivering Adr to cervical tumors. Characterization revealed that FA/Zn-MOF/Adr was nanosized spherical particles with high stability and biocompatibility. Most importantly, the FA/Zn-MOF/Adr could realize positive targeting to FA overexpressed HeLa cells through folate receptor (FR). Therefore, FA/Zn-MOF/Adr resulted enhanced in vitro and in vivo anticancer benefits than than free Adr or FA unmodified Zn-MOF/Adr.

目的:观察羊栖菜多糖(Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides,SFPS)对体外培养的人肺癌细胞株SPC-A-1及裸鼠移植瘤组织中上皮钙粘蛋白(Epithelial cadherin,Ecadherin)、基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)2、9表达的影响.方法:应用实时细胞分析技术检测SPC-A-1细胞增殖活性,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测细胞培养液中Ecadherin、MMP2和MMP9含量;建立裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机分组,采用免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织中Ecadherin、MMP2和MMP9表达.结果:与对照组相比,30、100和300mg/L浓度SFPS作用24h即可抑制SPC-A-1细胞增殖,作用36小时抑制效果最为明显(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001);SFPS作用36h后,100mg/L、300mg/L浓度组的细胞培养液中Ecadherin含量明显增加(P＜0.05,P＜0.001),而MMP2和MMP9含量在各浓度组(30、100和300mg/L)均降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001);20、40mg/kg剂量SFPS处理组的裸鼠移植瘤组织中Ecadherin表达显著增加(P＜0.001),而MMP2和MMP9表达明显低于对照组(P＜0.001).结论:SFPS可以抑制SPC-A-1肺癌细胞生长,此作用可能与下调MMP2、MMP9表达水平、上调Ecadherin表达水平有关,提示SFPS具有潜在的抗肿瘤转移作用.

The P53 apoptosis-stimulating protein 2 (ASPP2) plays a tumor suppressor role in various tumors, but there are few studies on this gene and cervical cancer. This study explored ASPP2's effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. The tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of patients with cervical cancer were collected for an analysis of ASPP2's mRNA and protein expressions using qRT-PCR and western blot. Human cervical epithelial (HCerEpiC) cells and human cervical cancer Hela and Caski cells were cultured in vitro. The Hela cells were divided into pIRES2-NC and pIRES2-ASPP2 transfection groups followed by an analysis of the expressions of ASPP2 and the cleaved caspase-3 protein using western blot, apoptosis using flow cytometry, cell proliferation using EdU staining, and caspase-3 enzyme activity. Compared with the adjacent tissues, the ASPP2 expression in cervical cancer tissues was significantly reduced. There was no significant difference in the prognosis between the patients with a low ASPP2 expression and the patients with a high ASPP2 expression (P=0.225). The ASPP2 expression in the cervical cancer Hela and Caski cells was significantly lower than it was in the HCerEpiC cells. The transfection of pIRES2-ASPP2 significantly up-regulated ASPP2 expression in the Hela cells, increased cleaved caspase-3 protein expression and caspase-3 activity, reduced cell proliferation, and increased cell apoptosis. ASPP2 expression is associated with cervical cancer. The overexpression of ASPP2 significantly reduces the proliferation of cervical cancer cells, promotes apoptosis, reduces the malignant biological characteristics of cervical cancer Hela cells, and is therefore involved in the inhibition of cervical cancer.

Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) is a brown alga belonging to the Sargasaceae family. The Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (SFPS) have demonstrated good anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activity. However, the underlying mechanisms of its anti-tumorigenesis, especially the anti-angiogenic activity is yet to be established. In the present study, we attempted to determine the effects of SFPS on the human lung adenocarcinoma SPC-A-1 cells and its xenograft model. The results showed that SFPS provides a concentration-dependent inhibition of SPC-A-1 cell proliferation in in vitro and the tumor growth in in vivo studies. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed that the administration of SFPS significantly decreased CD31, VEGF-A expression and the tumor microvessel density (MVD). SFPS also provided a dose-dependent impairment of cell vitality, induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). SFPS inhibited the expression of VEGF-A in tumor cells and its receptor VEGFR2 in HUVECs. The HUVEC tube formation assay showed that SFPS could abrogate the tube formation with relatively decreased tubes length of tube-like capillary similar to anti-VEGF antibody, Avastin®. These findings suggested that SFPS could be used as an alternative anticancer drug as they inhibited the angiogenesis and the microvessel formation through disruption of VEGF signals apart from direct tumor cytotoxicity.

Objective Toinvestigate theexpression levelofmiR-300 in serumofpatientswith gastriccancerandto explore the value of miR-300 in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Methods Real-time quantitative RT-PCR(qRTPCR) was performed to detect miR-300 level of 25 gastric cancer patients and 15 healthy volunteers. Automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect the serum level of CEA, CA125, CA199 and CA153. Results The expression of miR-300 in 25 gastric cancer patients was 23.4 times as more as the normal controls. Compared with the control group, the levels of CEA, CA125, CA199 and CA153 were higher in patients with gastric cancer. In the diagnosis of gastric cancer, the sensitivity of miR-300 was higher than that of CEA, CA125, CA199 and CA153,but the specificity of miR-300 was lower than that of CEA, CA125, CA199 and CA153. Conclusions Expression level of serum miR-300 in gastric cancer patients was significantly higer than that in normal controls, and it has diagnosis value in gastric cancer.

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a large class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of specific genes through binding to the partially complementary 3' untranslated regions(3' UTR) of target mRNAs. Recent studies have suggested important roles for miRNAs in oncogenesis and development of lung cancer as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes.Some selected miRNAs can be used as the potential biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis in lung cacner by comparing the different expression profiles of lung cancer tissues with corresponding non-cancerous tissues.To regulate the expression of carcinogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs is a new method in the treatment of lung cancer.In addition,combining traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy with sensitive miRNAs will provide a novel strategy for the study of lung cancer therapy.This review focuses on the function of miRNAs in lung carcinogenesis,diagnosis and therapy.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process to inhibit specific gene expression via the degradation of the target mRNA induced by the double strand RNA. The use of RNAi in mammals as a tool to study gene function has rapidly developed in recent years. Here we described the novel progress and applications of the vector for mediating RNAi in mammals.