渤海N油田深层沙河街组为辫状河三角洲沉积,部分油藏单元具有低孔低渗特征,确定相对高渗透"甜点"储层发育区是保障该油田注气开发的关键因素.目的层埋深超过3200 m,地震资料主频不到15 Hz,有效频带宽度在6～30 Hz,且地震资料是对"甜点"岩性和物性双重响应的结果,导致基于地震资料的"甜点"预测精度较低.为此,采用相对高渗百分含量参数划分低渗储层中相对高渗条带类型,实现对"甜点"储层的定量表征.建立低渗透油藏地震机理模型,分析相对高渗储层的地震响应规律,优选与相对高渗百分含量参数相关性好的地震属性,建立相对高渗储层的敏感地震属性集.在沉积微相约束下进行多种敏感地震属性的聚类分析,优化沉积微相在预测中的权重以提高预测精度,并利用预测结果指导沉积微相的修改,再用于新一轮预测,多次循环迭代直至预测结果变化率小于5％时终止,从而实现相对高渗储层平面分布的精确预测.相对高渗储层的平面分布预测结果与沉积规律一致,与检验井基本吻合,为油田4口开发井的井位优化提供了重要依据.

稀疏脉冲反褶积的本质是恢复厚层顶、底反射界面位置,为适合厚层预测的拓频方法,并不适合以研究地震调谐效应为主要内容的薄互层预测.为此,在研究区只有一口定向开发井的背景下,提出一种少井背景下的薄储层预测技术,主要步骤为:①基于稀疏层反射系数反演对叠前偏移数据拓频,突破地震有效频带限制.②将拓频成果分频为地震低频体和高频体,利用低频体追踪主要等时面,根据地震沉积学地层切片手段搭建等时地层格架;利用90°相移技术将地震高频体转换为储层岩性估计,实现各等时单元敏感地震属性提取.③以地震属性值域分布直方图为基础,基于积分运算将地震属性转化为“砂体最厚发育概率”估计,进一步通过离散二值化处理得到各等时单元薄储层有利区平面展布范围.④将各等时单元薄储层有利区范围叠合,形成薄储层发育有利区叠合频数属性,可反映各期次薄储层发育有利区的空间叠合情况,指导薄层开发方案中定向井井位设计与优化.

以渤海KL油田明化镇V油组浅水三角洲前缘分流河道砂体为例,通过井震结合的分流河道型砂体解剖,定量-半定量确定河道宽厚比、砂体叠置关系及连通概率、不同微相物性界限,科学的建立分流河道砂体地质知识库.研究成果有效指导了油田井网部署,为油田开发打下了坚实的基础.

目前深水浊积岩储层定量解释主要是在岩石物理分析基础上采用弹性参数截止值来实现,该方法无法准确描述定量解释存在的不确定性,存在较大的误差.因此,研究形成一种新的深水浊积岩储层定量解释技术,首先基于叠前反演获取弹性参数体,分岩性统计已钻井数据,通过交会分析确定弹性参数对不同岩性的响应范围,并采用随机模拟建立不同岩性的概率分布函数,然后基于贝叶斯分类方法,估算目的层范围内每一种岩性的相对比例,并对概率密度分布函数进行加权,将加权后的概率密度分布函数应用到地震属性体获取岩性概率体,再通过多实现岩相随机模拟得到岩相体.最后,在岩相体约束下通过高斯协模拟获得孔隙度体.实际应用表明,改进的深水浊积岩储层定量解释技术得到的岩性数据具有更加明确的地质含义,并可定量评估岩相预测风险,提高了定量解释精度.

B油气田处于开发初期,钻井少,目标区内含气储层边界认识不清,直接影响油田储量准确计算及后期开发井网部署和优化.为准确落实油田含气储层边界,利用分频能量衰减技术、AVO分析技术以及叠前弹性参数反演等多技术结合,并与已钻井相互印证,开展目标区含气储层地震响应特征分析,进而准确预测目标区含气储层边界.分析表明,受地震波衰减特性的影响,目标区含气储层具有低频能量增加、高频能量减弱的"低频共振、高频衰减"特征;通过已钻井AVO正演分析可以判定目标区含气储层属于第Ⅲ类AVO异常,其地震正振幅随偏移距的增大而增强;岩石物理参数中,拉梅系数、泊松比、纵横波速度比为含气砂岩敏感参数,且泊松比区分含气砂岩的效果最好,可较好地反映含气储层平面分布.分频能量衰减、AVO分析及叠前弹性参数反演能较好地检测含气储层,多技术结合相互印证有助于提高含气储层边界预测精度,为目标区储量准确计算和开发井网部署优化提供支持.

地震波阻抗反演是油气勘探开发过程中基于地震数据刻画地下储层特征及分布范围的重要工具,但受地震采集条件限制,地震数据往往是带限的,缺乏低频成分.低频成分蕴含地质构造的基本信息,缺失低频成分在一定程度上会降低基于反演数据开展储层预测的精度.因此,如何构建低频模型补偿地震低频成分就成为地震波阻抗反演的关键.首先,以均匀介质背景下的楔状模型为例,分析了低频成分对反演精度的影响;其次,结合不同学者研究成果,从碎屑岩沉积、碳酸盐岩沉积、火成岩等角度系统总结了不同地质条件下低频模型构建方法及其应用效果,对地震反演阶段根据地质条件构建精确低频模型具有一定的指导意义.分析认为:(1)碎屑岩沉积,勘探阶段钻井数量少,可采用常数低频模型、立体层析法构建低频模型;开发阶段,井资料丰富,为避免井插值引起的"牛眼"问题,视情况可分别采用井插值与地震速度和地震属性、井插值与波形反演、井插值与多重积分联合构建低频模型的方法;(2)碳酸盐岩沉积,岩性复杂、储层非均质性强,沉积相带约束构建低频模型的方法更为合适;(3)砂泥岩地层中发育的火成岩、煤层、钙层等特殊沉积体与砂泥岩地层在岩石物理特征上差异较大,可采用反演迭代法构建低频模型.依据不同沉积条件选取合适方式构建低频模型补偿低频成分,有助于提高低频模型精度,降低反演的不确定性.

渤海明化镇组下段以河流-浅水三角洲沉积为主的储层,单期砂体厚度薄,多期砂体叠置复杂.常规的基于地震资料振幅属性仅能描述5～20 m(地震分辨率附近)的单期和多期叠置复合砂体组合厚度平面分布特征,而砂体叠置构型结构关系则预测精度有限,导致解释的多解性和不确定性,难于满足海上油田开发阶段储量单元内部隔夹层解释、连通性分析以及剩余油预测等细化研究生产要求.为此,本文从浅水三角洲砂体构型结构模式出发,系统分析了小于地震资料分辨率尺度下各构型模式地震响应特征规律和地震属性特征,建立波形结构敏感地震属性集合.通过渤海靶区M油田应用,实现了储量单元内部储层叠置分区预测,结合测井资料验证,较准确的预测了储层内部构型分布,进一步提高了基于地震资料在油田开发阶段的研究尺度,为油藏开发精细化管理提供了有效支撑.

岩浆岩在储层中广泛存在,其分布影响了油田的储量计算及开发阶段的井位部署及优化,进而对平台数量等海洋工程的实施有直接影响.论文的目的区为深海盐下碳酸盐岩储层,其储层上部发育侵入岩,储层下部发育喷发岩,两种岩浆岩对油田开发起着至关重要的作用.因此,岩浆岩预测是目的区有效开发的关键,直接影响后期平台设置数量及位置等重要问题.针对该油田开发需求,论文基于拖缆采集三维地震数据提出了一套以地球物理方法结合地质分析的岩浆岩预测方法.该方法首先明确该区的地质特征背景,建立地质模式.其次,明确岩浆岩的地质及地球物理特征.最后,进行反演分析,得到反演数据体.在反演数据体的基础上,通过典型井标定,应用GEOBODY体追踪得到侵入岩分布范围及体积,应用地震相识别图版进行反演剖面解释,得到喷发岩平面分布范围.论文通过模式论证预测结果的合理性,确保储量计算准确性并为开发井位部署提供有力依据,明确了平台数量及开发井位置.

There are obvious differences in the speed of reef reservoir and surrounding rock,along with the strong heterogeneity inside the reservoir,the speed change is complex.The forward model established with structure and reservoir information can evaluate the time-depth relationship quality on multi-wells.On this basis,both stratigraphic framework and seismic attributes are considered in the velocity model development.The structural precision after time-depth conversion has been assessed to analyze the 3D velocity model building method.The subsequent real drilling results confirmed the structural precision with the forecast error in 10 meter,which prove the validity of 3D velocity modeling method applied in reef reservoir.

PreviousNext No AccessInternational Geophysical Conference, Beijing, China, 24-27 April 2018The research of tectonic interpretation model in L oilfield of pre-salt carbonate Santos BasinAuthors: Yan NieTingen FanYunfeng GaoWentao CaiPengjun FanYan NieCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Tingen FanCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Yunfeng GaoCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Wentao CaiCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, and Pengjun FanCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1190/IGC2018-185 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Brazil santos basin is in in the east of Brazil. L oilfield is located in the eastern part of santos basin uplift belt, crack under salt basin structural layer as main purpose.Because L oilfield belongs to deep water pre-salt carbonate oilfield, at the same time, complex lithology, reservoir internal intrusive rock destruction, affected by the eruption of rock at the bottom of the reservoir, so the seismic data quality is not good to do the seismic interpretaion. So this article discusses the application of structure model to guide the tectonic interpretation work. We first need to analyze the regional tectonic evolution and tectonic evolution stages;Then for each well do rock physics analysis, aided to analyze seismic response characteristics;Due to the existence of complex lithology of the region, we need to do forward modeling research, at last, analyze the seismic facies, establish the region tectonic pattern, under the guidance of schema, complete the structure interpretation efficiently and accurately.Successfully guide L oilfield development stage work. Keywords: tectonic, interpretation, carbonatePermalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/IGC2018-185FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails International Geophysical Conference, Beijing, China, 24-27 April 2018ISSN (online):2159-6832Copyright: 2018 Pages: 1821 publication data© 2018 Published in electronic format with permission by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Chinese Geophysical SocietyPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 11 Dec 2018 CITATION INFORMATION Yan Nie, Tingen Fan, Yunfeng Gao, Wentao Cai, and Pengjun Fan, (2018), "The research of tectonic interpretation model in L oilfield of pre-salt carbonate Santos Basin," SEG Global Meeting Abstracts : 760-763. https://doi.org/10.1190/IGC2018-185 Plain-Language Summary KeywordstectonicinterpretationcarbonatePDF DownloadLoading ...

开发初期,由于缺乏钻测井资料,难以刻画深水浊积水道的发育期次,砂体内部叠置关系认识不清,导致油田开发效果不佳.为了表征深水浊积水道的发育期次和内部充填结构,对深水浊积复合水道期次划分和边界识别进行了研究,在传统的地震属性分析基础上,形成了应用地震属性分析技术识别深水浊积复合水道边界和期次划分的新思路.首先进行属性优选,采用谱分解和多属性融合的技术手段,结合地层切片分析,综合测井资料来刻画深水浊积复合水道边界和期次,这对复合水道砂体叠置关系和连通性的认识有很大的帮助,指导了油气田开发方案的设计以及优化.

It is very important to improve the accuracy of remaining oil prediction in high water cut oilfield , which can improve production through accurately predicting the distribution of remaining oil .Microstructure con-trolled the distribution of the remaining oil , and its characterization directly affected the reliability of the prediction of the remaining oil distribution .The well pattern of offshore oil field is irregular and its density is small , so it is difficult to characterize the microstructure of the offshore oil field by the well information .Therefore , the technique is research in high water cut oilfield , which is finely described by using log and seismic data .A series of micro structure fine characterization techniques is formed , which include accurate well-seismic calibrate , seismic slice identification microstructure , precise structure mapping , etc.The technology was used in the offshore oilfield of de-velopment adjustment stage , which finely described the micro structure of oilfield , combined production dynamic to analysis the remaining oil distribution , improved the accuracy of remaining oil prediction , and guided the design of adjusting wells .It is true that micro structure characterization and residual oil prediction were accuracy after adjust -ment wells drilled , which improve the production of oil .

To unify different seismic geometries, the concept of generalized offset is defined and the expressions for Fresnel zones of different order on a plane are presented. Based on wave theory, the equation of the lateral wave-field stacking for generalized-offset Fresnel zones is derived. For zero and nonzero offsets, the lateral stacking amplitude of diffraction bins of different sizes is analyzed by referring to the shape of the Fresnel zones of different order. The results suggest the following. First, the contribution of diffraction bins to wave-field stacking is related to the offset, surface relief, interface dip, the depth of the shot point to the reflection interface, the observational geometry, and the size of the interference stacking region. Second, the first-order Fresnel zone is the main constructive interference, and its contribution to the reflection amplitude is slightly smaller than half the contribution of all Fresnel zones. Finally, when the size of the diffraction bin is smaller than the first-order Fresnel zone, the larger the size of the diffraction bin, the larger is the amplitude of the receiver, even in the nonzero offset-case.

油田进入开发阶段,对储层描述精度的要求不断提高,反Q滤波技术能够有效地补偿地层吸收效应,提高地震资料的分辨率和储层的描述精度.考虑地层吸收算子为时间和频率的函数,基于Gabor变换在时频域实现了高精度的反Q滤波,并将振幅补偿算子与地震记录的信噪比建立了联系,算法能够基于地震资料的信噪比自适应地进行相应的反Q滤波补偿.通过模型分析了时频域振幅补偿算子与常规振幅补偿算子的区别,利用实际数据详细论述了提高分辨率与地震资料信噪比的关系;并对渤海菜河流相储层进行了应用与效果分析,有效地识别了砂体的叠置关系,降低了油田开发的风险.

品质因子Q是地下介质的重要岩性参量,是反映地层对地震波的吸收程度的重要参数。频率域属性组合法是新提出的一种地层Q值提取方法,有较严格的理论推导。采用理论模型数据验证了属性组合法(一阶式和二阶式)提取地层Q值的可靠性。通过测试不同衰减模型、震源子波及频带宽度,对比了谱比法、质心法和属性组合法反演Q值的精度,分析了可能的影响因素。对海上地震资料用二阶式提取的Q值分布进行反Q滤波处理,取得较好的实际应用效果。

The quality factor Q is the main parameter measuring the stratum absorption and attenuation characteristics. Attribute combination method in frequency domain is a new way to estimate Q value, which has a rigorous theoretical derivation. Model analysis shows the reliability of Q value inversion with attribute combination method (first-order formula and second-order formula). We contrast the precision of three methods (spectral ratio method, centroid calculation method and attribute combination method) under different conditions of different source wavelets, attenuation models and frequency bandwidths and analyze the potential impact factors. The inverse Q filtering to actual off-shore seismic data was processed by Q value distribution extracted with second-order formula, which verified the practical application effect of attribute combination method.

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013Application of probability inversion technology in fluvial reservoir researchAuthors: Zongjun WangTingen FanGuangyi HuWentao CaiNan TianYuqing ZhangZongjun WangCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Tingen FanCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Guangyi HuCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Wentao CaiCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, Nan TianCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this author, and Yuqing ZhangCNOOC Research InstituteSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-0349.1 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Higher vertical resolution is needed for fine fluvial reservoir description in oil development stage. However, the vertical resolution of the conventional post-stack constraint sparse pulse inversion is limit. Fortunately the probability inversion technique, which fully combines the advantages of higher vertical resolution, better lateral trend depending on seismic lateral continuity can satisfy the endless needs of geological research and reservoir description. What’s more, probability inversion is a process of multiple equal probabilities realizes which reduces the multiplicity of seismic inversion. It makes the uncertainty reservoir description to be realized. It has obtained good application effect in fluvial reservoir research in china offshore. It helps to solve a lot of problems, such as boundary identification, superimposed relationship analysis and oil-water relation re-understanding. It provides better evidence to deploy well pattern and optimize well location and track. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-0349.1FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byCase Stories of Horizontal Wells in Offshore Fluvial Oil Reservoir22 March 2019Case Stories of Horizontal Wells in Offshore Fluvial Oil Reservoir22 March 2019 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2013 Pages: 5258 Publisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 19 Aug 2013 CITATION INFORMATION Zongjun Wang, Tingen Fan, Guangyi Hu, Wentao Cai, Nan Tian, and Yuqing Zhang, (2013), "Application of probability inversion technology in fluvial reservoir research," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 3098-3102. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-0349.1 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...

引言 GRIStation地震资料解释系统作为国内自选开发研制的工作站地震解释软件,几年来在全国各油田得到推广、应用,收到了很好的效果.