在建筑经济管理中,工程造价管理往往占据着十分重要的地位,几乎贯穿于整个工程建设始终,对于工程建设具有重要影响。本文概述了建筑经济管理中招标阶段造价管理的重要性,并对加强建筑经济中招标阶段造价管理的控制措施进行深入探讨。

体育教师作为教师队伍中的特殊群体，受社会、学校等其他客观因素的影响，更容易出现职业压力，也容易出现职业焦虑的现象。造成这一现象的原因来自社会、学校、学生、课程改革以及体育教师自身，本文从几个方面对其进行分析，并给出合理的应对策略。

In the intelligent diagnosis of breast cancer, the classifier is not stable and the sample distribution adaptability is poor. This paper proposes a classifier construction algorithm based on AdaBoost ensemble BP, RBF and Naïve Bayes. First, three different classification algorithms are used to train different weak classifiers. Then, by means of weight redistribution strategy, the weight of the diseased samples in which are misclassified is increased and reduces the weight of healthy samples misclassified to diseased samples. Finally, a strong classifier is constructed by reorganizing the weak classifier with the adjusted weights. The comparison and verification of the algorithm based on the Wisconsin breast cancer data in UCI database show that the proposed classification model is superior to the single algorithm.

随着人们物质生活水平的提高,人们对居住环境要求也不断提高。为了保障暖通工程在建筑中的正常运行,需要加强对建筑暖通工程建设进行质量控制。基于此,本文简述了暖通工程的主要特征以及建筑暖通工程建设施工准备,对建筑暖通工程建设施工要点及其质量控制进行了探讨分析,旨在保障建筑暖通工程的安全运行。

在思想政治教育的方法过程中，灌输是一种重要的方法选择。理论不可能自发地从工人运动中产生，必须通过灌输的途径。灌输理论是由马克思恩格斯首创的，并且由列宁将其理论化、系统化了的。灌输理论具有科学的内涵，灌输的实质是理论与实践的结合。灌输理论是思想政治教育工作中坚持的根本原则。只有通过灌输的途径，才能把马克思主义思想观念由理论转化为人们的思想观念，成为人们实践过程中的指导力量。只有通过理论灌输，才能培养出全面发展的较高素质的人才，为当今社会主义的不断发展凝聚力量。科学运用灌输理论，有助于加强思想政治教育的实效性。 In the process of ideological and political education, indoctrination is an important method of choice. The theory cannot spontaneously arise from the workers’ movement, which must be in-stilled by the way. The theory of indoctrination was first initiated by Marx and Engels and was institutionalized and systematized by Lenin. The theory of indoctrination has the connotation of science, and the essence of indoctrination is the combination of theory and practice. The theory of indoctrination is the fundamental principle of ideological and political education. Only by means of indoctrination can we transform Marxist ideas into concepts of people and become the guiding force in people's practice. Only through instilling of theory can we cultivate the higher-quality talents of all-round development and unite our strength in the continuous development of today's socialism. Scientific use of indoctrination theory helps to strengthen the effectiveness of ideological and political education.

To investigate how soil bacterial communities respond to the change during conversion from natural meadow grassland to farmland, and the relationship between bacterial community and soil properties, we detected the shifts in diversities and compositions of soil bacterial communities as well as the relative abundance of dominant bacterial taxa with the high throughput IlluminaMiSeq sequencing technique from natural grassland, 7-yr farmland, and 50-yr farmland in Horqin Sandy Land. We found that land-use change resulted in the significant changes in soil physical and chemical properties with the distinct decreases in soil organic matter and total N contents and the increase in soil conductivity. Soil bacterial community structure was affected by land-use change, with the significant change in relative abundance of dominant bacterial populations. However, species composition of bacterial community remained unchanged. Soil properties had important effects on the structure of soil bacterial community. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Thaumarchaeota, and Nitrospirae were the dominant taxa in the Horqin area.

采用煤粉混合聚乙烯废塑料与铁精矿制备含碳球团，对所得混合含碳球团特性进行了试验研究。结果表明，在一定的物料粒度、水分含量、膨润土加入量条件下，配加聚乙烯塑料的混合含碳球团的冷态性能增强，塑料加入量越多，球团冷态强度越好，以干球强度提高更为明显。焙烧还原后，1:1的聚乙烯煤粉混合还原剂球团(或1:2)比煤粉球团强度增强，且对还原后的球团进行矿相分析发现，配加聚乙烯塑料能够改善自还原过程的热质条件，促进还原反应的进行，且还原区域集中在聚乙烯塑料颗粒周围。 Experimental researches on characteristics of the mixed pellets containing carbon which are made from pulverized coal mixed with polyethylene plastic and iron ore were carried out. The results show that under certain material particle size, moisture content percent and certain amount of bentonite conditions, cold state performance of pellets containing carbon mixed with addition of polyethylene plastic is reinforced, meaning that the more amount of plastic added in the mixed pellets, the better the cold strength to increase the strength of the dry bulb apparently. After the roasting reduction, strength of pulverized reductant polyethylene pellets with mixed rates of 1:1 (or 1:2) is better than that of pulverized coal pellet, and mineralogical analysis on polyethylene pellets shows that the addition of polyethylene plastic can improve the conditions of the reducing process heat and promote the reducing reaction, and the reducing area concentrates around the polyethylene plastic particles.

随着我国改革开放的不断深化以及全球经济一体化发展的趋势，我国的大型超市面临着国内和国际企业的双重竞争。科技的迅猛发展使得产品的差距越来越小，传统的营销策略实践活动越来越难以维护顾客忠诚，实现企业预期的营销目标。我国的大型超市如何在众多的竞争对手当中脱颖而出，服务就成为企业制胜的有力武器。当代的消费者追求的不仅仅是买到东西，更重要的是一种购物体验。超市如何通过提供各种个性化的服务来提高顾客满意程度实现顾客忠诚，从而巩固企业的市场份额，提高企业的核心竞争力就显得尤为重要。本文通过分析影响大型超市消费者满意程度的因素，着重分析了超市服务对消费者满意的影响，系统分析了我国大型超市在服务方面存在的问题，并结合我国消费者的特点针对我国大型超市在服务方面存在的各种问题提出了一套完整的，具有针对性的可行性的解决方案。 With the deepening of China’s opening-up and global economic integration, China’s large supermarkets are faced with competition from both internal and external companies. What’s more, rapid development of science and technology makes smaller product differentiation. As a result, traditional marketing strategies and practice activities have more difficulties in maintaining customer loyalty and achieving the expected business marketing goals. How do China’s large supermarkets stand out among competitors? Consumer service has become a powerful weapon for winning business. Contemporary consumers expect not only to buy something, more important, but to seek a shopping satisfaction. Therefore, in order to enhance customer satisfaction, achieve customer loyalty, consolidate market share and improve the core competitiveness of enterprises, a variety of personalized services offered by China’s large supermarkets are particularly important. By analyzing impact factors on consumer satisfaction, especially supermarkets’ services on consumer satisfaction, exploring the existing problems of large supermarkets’ services, and integrating the consumer’s characteristics, this paper proposes targeted and practical solutions for various problems which existed on China’s large supermarket services.