The rare edible and medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea has a substantial potential for development. In this study, Illumina HiSeq 2000 was used to sequence its transcriptome. The results were assembled de novo, and 66,589 unigenes with an N50 of 4413 bp were obtained. Compared with public databases, 6,061, 3,257, and 2,807 unigenes were annotated to the Non-Redundant, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, respectively. The genes related to terpene biosynthesis in the mycelia of A. cinnamomea were analyzed, and acetyl CoA synthase (ACS2 and ACS4), hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl transferase (FTase), and squalene synthase (SQS) were found to be upregulated in XZJ (twig of C. camphora) and NZJ (twig of C. kanehirae). Moreover, ACS5 and 2,3-oxidized squalene cyclase (OCS) were highly expressed in NZJ, while heme IX farnesyl transferase (IX-FIT) and ACS3 were significantly expressed in XZJ. The differential expression of ACS1, ACS2, HMGR, IX-FIT, SQS, and OCS was confirmed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. This study provides a new concept for the additional exploration of the molecular regulatory mechanism of terpenoid biosynthesis and data for the biotechnology of terpenoid production.

为探究牛樟芝羊毛甾醇合成酶的合成机制,对牛樟芝的一个羊毛甾醇合成酶基因进行克隆,将其命名为AcLSS,然后利用生物信息学软件对其理化性质进行预测,并对其表达情况进行初步分析.结果 表明:AcLSS基因的开放阅读框为2205 bp,编码734个氨基酸;该基因含有8个内含子,9个外显子;AcLSS蛋白存在由14个氨基酸“KGAWPFSTKTQGYT”和6个氨基酸“VSDCTG”组成的保守特征序列,并且包含一个16个氨基酸组成的OSC保守结合域“KACNFLISKQ-RSDGGW”.分子系统进化分析显示,AcLSS蛋白与绣球菌(XP_ 027617410.1)的LSS蛋白亲缘关系最近;表达谱分析显示,碳源添加物中以甘露醇的诱导表达力最高、氮源添加物中以番茄浸粉的诱导表达力最佳.

为了探明牛樟芝三萜化合物合成途径中的关键限速酶羟甲基戊二酰辅酶A合成酶的调控机制,为其三萜生物合成酶表达机制的研究提供参考,从牛樟芝中分离并克隆出1个基因,将其命名为AcHMGS,利用生物信息学分析软件了解其结构特性,分析该基因在不同碳氮源添加物培养基上的表达情况.结果表明,AcHMGS基因含有完整的开放阅读框,全长为1440bp,编码574个氨基酸;含有6个外显子、5个内含子.由蛋白质活性保守位点分析可知,AcHMGS蛋白包含由21个氨基酸组成的活性中心"GNTDIEGVDSKNACYGSTASL"和5个参与底物催化的保守氨基酸,其中2个能影响酶的活性.分子系统进化分析显示,AcHMGS蛋白与根纤维孔菌蛋白具有较高的同源性.AcHMGS基因的表达量在不同碳氮源添加物的培养基上差异显著,以甘露醇为碳源添加物、牛肉浸粉为氮源添加物的诱导表达量最高.

The first complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of Caryodaphnopsis tonkinensis was determined from Illumina HiSeq pair-end sequencing data in this study. The cpDNA is 149,016 bp in length, contains a large single copy region (LSC) of 91,915 bp and a small single copy region (SSC) of 17,703 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IR) regions of 19,699 bp. The genome contains 126 genes, including 81 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and 36 transfer RNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome is 39.0%, and the corresponding values of the LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 37.7%, 34.4%, and 44.4%, respectively. Further phylogenomic analysis showed that C. tonkinensis clustered in a clade in Lauraceae family.