The efficiency of the existing systems of introscopy, tomography and customs control is largely determined by the loss of quanta of bremsstrahlung radiation in systems to collimation, especially in the primary collimator. This article discusses a system of preliminary "cooling" of an electron beam and a decrease in the angular divergence of the flux of quanta due to multiple passes of the electron beam in a chamber placed in a transverse magnetic field. "Cooling" of the electron beam is provided by a special configuration of the magnetic field. In the proposed scheme, the phase portrait undergoes the simplest changes, namely, it increases abruptly in the foil, as if "stretching" in the vertical direction, but then, as it were, "rotates" around the origin, while reaching a horizontal position after "focusing". Thus, the transverse dimensions of the beam increase, and the angular spread, at least, does not increase, as without "cooling".

AbstractThe results of observation of plasmoids that were formed during periodic discharge in a flow of liquid, in particular, water, in its surrounding space during discharge and in post-discharge, have been presented. The presence of long-lived luminous formations not only in the air, but also on the surface and above the surface of nearby objects has been noted. The reasons for the appearance of such objects and their properties, which have features not only of macro-, but also micro-objects, such as Dirac’s monopole, have been analyzed.

Приведены результаты исследования, демонстрирующие возможность использования мишеней с конической поверхностью реакционного слоя для генерации нейтронов в линейных ускорителях нуклидов водорода в ядерных реакциях T(d, n)4He, T(p, n)3He и D(d, n)3He. Предложен алгоритм расчета нейтронного выхода, учитывающий возможное изменение концентрации изотопов водорода в мишени с глубиной. В результате компьютерного эксперимента установлены зависимости нейтронного выхода от угла раствора конуса и показана возможность увеличения выхода для мишеней с конической поверхностью реакционного слоя при сохранении его толщины.