The most significant epidemiological features of the pandemic with a new coronavirus infection are presented in the article. The mechanisms of penetration of SARSCoV2 into the body, ways and factors of transmission, immunological mechanisms of interaction of the virus with the cellular receptor apparatus are indicated. The issues of the formation of population immunity to COVID19 through specific prevention are considered. Modern biological platforms of vaccines and their comparative characteristics, safety profile, immunological and epidemiological effectiveness of vaccination in the conditions of continuous emergence of SARSCoV2 variants of concern are discussed. The predicted epidemiological models of the pandemic development and the main directions of the complex system of prevention of coronavirus infection in Belarus are presented.
The article is devoted to the scientific activity of the epidemiologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, academician, Major General of the medical service Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov. The main stages of the scientific path of academician V. D. Belyakov are traced, his merits in the development of epidemiology and medicine in general are noted. V. D. Belyakov was a reformer and innovator in the field of epidemiological practice and education in the field of all preventive medicine. A significant achievement in the management of anti-epidemic activities was the concept of epidemiological surveillance developed by the academician. The article presents the role of Academician Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov in the development of epidemiological science as a diagnostic and preventive discipline. Possible ways of further development of V. D. Belyakov's ideas and their implementation in medical scientific, practical and pedagogical activities are considered.
The article is dedicated to the outstanding scientist-epidemiologist, doctor of medical sciences, professor, academician, major general of the medical service Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov. The main stages of the biography and scientific path of Academician V.D. Belyakov, noted for his services in the development of epidemiology and medicine in general. V.D. Belyakov was a reformer and innovator in the field of epidemiological practice and education in the field of all preventive medicine. The theory of internal regulation of parasitic systems developed by the scientist, which describes the mechanisms of formation and manifestation of the epidemic process, is the theoretical basis of epidemiology.
The article presents an overview of modern hypotheses of the origin of infectious diseases pathogens, the stages of evolution and the mechanisms of adaptation of zoonotic pathogens in the human population. The processes of interspecific interaction of pathogens of a zoonotic nature with the human population lead to the emergence of new infections and constitute a potential threat of pandemics. One of the main mechanisms for the emergence of new pathogens in the human population is the transfer of an existing pathogen from hosts from the animal world to humans, accompanied by a heavy burden of disease. RNA viruses with a high evolutionary rate cause particular alertness. The increased frequency of mutations allows viruses to quickly adapt to a new population with the formation of an epidemic variant of the pathogen.
ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА НАРКОПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЬНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ МЕТАДОНОМ У ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЕЙ ИНЪЕКЦИОННЫХ НАРКОТИКОВ С ВИЧ-ПОЗИТИВНЫМ СТАТУСОМ, ИНФИЦИРОВАННЫХ ВИРУСОМ ГЕПАТИТА С, В г. МИНСКЕ 1М. А. Шилова, 2А. В. Абрамович, 1И. Н. Вальчук, 1М. Л. Доценко, 1Г. Н. Чистенко, 1С. В. Жаворонок 1Белорусский государственный медицинский университет, Минск, Беларусь 2Городской клинический наркологический диспансер, Минск, Беларусь
Влияние социально-экономических факторов на иммунологическую структуру взрослого населения г. Минска к вирусу гепатита А / И. В. Федорова [и др.] // Медицинский журнал. - 2014. - № 3. - С. 100-105
Изучение иммунитета к вирусу гепатита А среди различных возрастных групп населения г. Минска / И. В. Федорова [и др.] // Медицинский журнал. - 2013. - № 4. - С. 102-106.
Иммуноструктура к коклюшу среди детского населения г. Минска / Е. Г. Фисенко [и др.] // Медицинский журнал. - 2012. - № 3. - С. 128-131.
Медицинская дезинсекция : учеб.-метод. пособие / И. В. Северинчик [и др.] ; Белорус. гос. мед. ун-т, Каф. эпидемиологии. - Минск : БГМУ, 2011. - 71 с.
139 cases of herpes zoster were analyzed. Most often lesions were located in the area of chest (57,4%) and face (25,5%) dermatomes. A ratio of probability of occurrence of disease in various age groups is established. Patients of the senior age frequently endure the shingles on a background of a chronic pathology, these persons call for medical care and stand to the longest hospitalization.
This report analyses the incidence rate of varicella among Belarusian population for the period 1960 from to 2006. The estimated prevalence of varicella among infectious diseases was 24,0–27,28 %. The full period of long-term variations of morbidity lasting 32 years has been determined. At its background 10 periods of the second order lasting from 2,5 to 6 years have been revealed.
139 cases of herpes zoster were analyzed. Most often lesions were located in the area of chest (57,4%) and face (25,5%) dermatomes. A ratio of probability of occurrence of disease in various age groups is established. Patients of the senior age frequently endure the shingles on a background of a chronic pathology, these persons call for medical care and stand to the longest hospitalization.
Questions of use of the disposable medical clothes made of modern nonwoven materials, on purpose countermicrobial protection of the medical personnel and patients are discussed. Possibilities of application of medical disposable means of an individual defence in various situations are shown.
Questions of use of the disposable medical clothes made of modern nonwoven materials, on purpose countermicrobial protection of the medical personnel and patients are discussed. Possibilities of application of medical disposable means of an individual defence in various situations are shown.
The study of population morbidity with helminthiasis prevalence in Byelorussia has revealed 11 nosological entities and has established that in 99.9% these were cases of ascariasis, trichocephaliasis and enterobiasis. In 1981-1989 dynamics of ascariasis and trichocephaliasis morbidity was characterized by a marked tendency towards its decrease, while there was a tendency towards moderate growth in enterobiasis morbidity. The values of the (intensive) rates of helminthiasis morbidity during the examination of hundreds of thousands people does not considerably depend on the fluctuations of the number of persons examined on the presence of helminths. To elaborate systems for epidemiologic surveys of helminthiasis it is necessary to increase the volume and improve the quality of information on the morbidity rates.
