With the advent of molecular targeted therapeutic agents and immunity checkpoint inhibitors, lung cancer drug therapy has advanced. We cannot expect to improve the performance of surgical treatment without drug therapy. The problem of improving the performance of surgical treatment for lung cancer is：① the role of surgery in multidisciplinary treatment for c-stageⅢ N2 lung cancer, ② post-operative adjuvant therapy, ③ multidisciplinary treatment of post-operative recurrence, ④ salvage surgery, and ⑤ sublobar resection in high risk cases. We will describe each of these with reference to our own experiences and literature considerations.