A new method for predicting lithofacies, gas, fluid and brine zones, and zones with abnormally high reservoir pressure, as well as the petrophysical properties of rocks using artificial intelligence methods, based on a family of new seismic attributes of the RTH (reverse time holography) method and well drilling data is proposed. The main difference between RTH attributes and conventional ones obtained by migration transformation is their voxel nature and hyperattribution. This turned out to be a key advantage of the new approach to solving problems of geological prediction by artificial intelligence methods. The results of applying a new method for processing and interpreting modern 3D seismic data, as well as geological prediction based on it for the area of intense brine occurrence at the Kovykta gas condensate field, are presented.

The paper analyzes the stage of decomposition of the initial seismic data in the methods of wave reversal in time when constructing seismic attributes. Within the framework of the formal approach of mapping the data of one space into the data of a space of a higher dimension, a classification of existing approaches in seismic exploration is given. Identification of the decomposition stage in the seismic data processing workflow makes it possible to highlight the differences in existing approaches to building seismic attributes and predict the future direction of seismic data processing. The concept of vector decomposition, originally used in the RTH method, is introduced. The variety of depth seismic attributes obtained in the RTH method based on vector decomposition allows solving a wide range of problems in the exploration and development of hydrocarbon deposits at a new qualitative level. The RTH method includes, as a special case, the PSDM, AVO, AI methods and is an alternative to the MVA, FWI methods, as well as the method of a velocity model bilding based on fast beam migration algorithms. A close connection between the technique of wavefront time reversal in seismic exploration and analogous time reversal in optics and acoustics is noted. Examples of seismic data processing using vector decompositio to identify zones of natural fracturing in shale oil are given.

На основе сейсморазведочных данных показаны возможности локального прогноза флюидонапорных систем с АВПД в пределах Ангаро-Ковыктинской зоны газонакоплений. Часть залежей представлена богатейшими литиеносными рассолами. Рассмотрен обзор методик и пути совершенствования различных подходов с использованием инновационных решений с целью снижения рисков при бурении и испытании трещинных карбонатных резервуаров, а также с целью картирования залежей редкометалльных литиеносных рассолов. Based of seismic data, the possibilities of fluid systems with abnormally high pore pressure prediction within the Angara-Kovykta gas accumulation zone are shown. There are the richest lithium-bearing brines deposites located. A review of techniques and ways to improve various approaches using innovative solutions in order to reduce risks in drilling and testing fractured carbonate reservoirs is considered, as well as for lithium-bearing brines deposites mapping.

В статье анализируются современные методы построения сейсмических атрибутов на основе сопряженных уравнений акустики с учетом векторной природы волнового распространения в среде. Показывается, что детальный анализ совместного поведения векторов скорости в прямой волне и в обращенной во времени позволяет решать широкий круг задач нефтеразведки на новом качественном уровне. Приведены примеры обработки сейсмических данных на основе детального анализа обращенного во времени векторного волнового поля. Дан прогноз дальнейшего развития сейсморазведки в этом направлении. The article analyzes modern methods for design seismic attributes based on conjugate acoustic equations, taking into account the vector nature of wave propagation in a medium. It is shown that a detailed analysis of the joint behavior of the velocity vectors in a direct wave and in a time-reversed wave makes it possible to solve a wide range of oil exploration problems at a new qualitative level. Examples of seismic data processing based on a detailed analysis of a time-reversed vector wave field are given. The forecast of further development of seismic exploration in this direction is given.

Summary The deposits of the Upper Permian halogen formation are weak scattering objects. Therefore, it is especially important for delineating ore bodies to use technologies that allow you to accurately identify such zones. The complex interpretation of the seismic data processed using the innovative RTH method, reflected and scattered waves obtained using the CSPD method is performed. As a result, the geological structure was refined to track the areal distribution of the polygalite mineralization layer and to predict possible local structures.

Summary One of the key challenges of today’s Geophysics in field exploration and development is to improve the detail and quality of the seismic section without increasing the cost of field work. As a result of processing data using the RTH method, high-resolution seismic sections and cubes are obtained. The developed method of interpretation of the obtained seismic attributes allows solving various interpretation problems with a high degree of reliability

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ЗОН КАТАСТРОФИЧЕСКИХ ВЫБРОСОВ ГАЗА В АРК ТИКЕ НА ОСНОВЕ ПАССИВНОГО МИКРОСЕЙСМИЧЕСКОГО МОНИТОРИНГА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ОЗЕРА ОТКРЫТИЕ) В. И. Богоявленский ФГБУН Институт проблем нефти и газа РАН, ФГБОУ ВО Российский государственный университет нефти и газа (национальный исследовательский университет) имени И. М. Губкина (Москва, Российская Федерация) Г. Н. Ерохин НИИ прикладной информатики и математической геофизики, ФГАОУ ВО Балтийский федеральный университет им.И. Канта (Калининград, Российская Федерация) Р. А

Summary A new method for processing Rth seismic data (Reverse Time Holography) allows calculating a set of informative attributes for complex interpretation with well data. The obtained information is a powerful statistical tool for determining the depth of target horizons, as well as the structure and internal structure of productive layers

The article describes the results of applying the original seismic data processing methods: Common Scattering Point Dip (CSPD) and Vector Pair Reverse Time Migration (VPRTM). Specific examples show that the CSPD method allows to effectively solve a wide range of tasks at various stages of geological exploration: search for fractured-cavernous zones, isolation of the cured faults, contouring of granite intrusion, identification of hazardous drilling zones and geonavigation of horizontal drilling. The VPRTM method is effective not only for detecting weak diffractors but also promising for simultaneous accurate analysis in various procedures.

Summary The experience of applying of scattered waves interpretation to search for perspective fracture reservoir in complex geotectonic conditions is considered. The field of scattered waves is extracted from full wave field by the CSPD method. Interpretation is carried out in directions from reservoir macro attributes to local delineation of exploratory drilling objects.

Summary The article substantiates a necessary of an automated data processing software using for a microseismic monitoring in conditions of a processing’s constant complication. A brief description of the system’s structure is given. The system using allows significantly reduce the time spent on a processing and give a maximum transparency to this process in order to reduce technical errors associated with setting up a large number of individual modules. A transparency of this system makes it possible to analyze the calculation parameters depending on the monitoring conditions in order to determine the most optimal counting parameters for the next analysis under similar conditions.

The article deals with the setup of microseismic monitoring systems for geological and geotechnical activities on oil and gas fields.High efficiency of surface registration systems is noted.The main steps of registered data processing and types of obtained results are described.

Summary Despite the presence of proven oil deposits in the Bazhenov formation, today the development is ineffective and is conducted in the mode of natural exhaustion. The reason for this lies in the fact that the main hydrocarbon potential of the bazhen is concentrated in the kerogen. Therefore, for the deposits of the Bazhenov formation, it is necessary to develop new technological solutions that will make it possible to rationally extract these hydrocarbon resources. The use of microseismic monitoring MSPRM in combination with the fracture prediction for CSPD technology can improve the efficiency of development of the Bazhenov formation with the use of thermal methods for increasing oil recovery.

Summary Integrated interpretation of reflected and scattered waves in complex geological section of ancient platform. The special aspects of seismic data interpretation were considered in terms of geological section folded by ancient sediments. The connection of destruction zones with hydrocarbons deposits were shown and mapped to the scattered waves field of CSP method by example of East Siberia fields. CSP method makes it possible to map the heterogeneities of scattered waves field at greater depths. Integrated interpretation of reflected and scattered waves in complex geological section of the ancient platform gives good results due to using additional information, which is not normally taken into account.

Summary A characteristic feature of deposits in the weathering crusts is the presence of cracks. To effectively identify such zones, the scattered component of the wave field is used. Specific examples show the mapping of the productive zones of the weathering crust in the field of scattered waves.

Summary One of the parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of a mechanical drilling rate of penetration. It depends on the physical properties of rocks (lithology, porosity, fracturing) and the technology of drilling wells. Accounting fracture zones identified on the scattered waves, will take into account the geological factor and to drill in the optimal process conditions, to avoid accidents

Summary The results of a complex interpretation of the reflected and scattered wave fields are presented to refine the fault-block model and fracture and cavernous reservoirs forecasting of both tectonic and lithogenetic origin. The forecast is based on the original pre-stack migration method - Common Scattering Point Dip (CSPD).

Применение технологии постоянно действующего микросейсмического мониторинга позволяет осуществлять контроль за техногенными и естественными процессами, происходящими в объеме разрабатываемого месторождения углеводородов. Разработаны программные средства анализа данных микросейсмического мониторинга, которые позволяют выявлять структурно-тектонические особенности участков нефтегазовых месторождений, оценивать объемно-геометрические параметры зон трещиноватости и осуществлять мониторинг геолого-технологических процессов, протекающих в прискважинном пространстве. Для построения модели трещиноватости используются методы кластеризации, вокселного анализа, тетраэдризации Делоне и линейной аппроксимации данных микросейсмического мониторинга, представляемых в виде параметризованных облаков точек. Детальный количественный и качественный анализ облаков точек позволяет выделять характерные области сгущений микросейсмических событий и на их основе осуществлять распознавание и разделение плоских 2D- и объемных 3D-тел, вычислять характеристики их линейных размеров, объема и местоположения. В качестве геометрических моделей 3D-тел создаются, возможно, невыпуклые совокупности тетраэдров и изометрические поверхности, в качестве моделей квазиплоских 2D-тел применяются выпуклые полигоны. Трехмерная визуализация выделенных тел в объеме месторождения и интерактивное управление сценой обеспечивается на основе человеко-машинного взаимодействия.

Fractured reservoirs are prospecting targets for oil deposit exploration. The research is based on ingenious method of prestack migration called FractureCSP. The work presents multifunctional surface small-aperture technology of microseismic monitoring that is designed for hydrofracturing, fluid injection and other geologic technical procedures control, as well for the revelation of reservoir fault block structures in interwell space during long-term passive microseismic observation. Presented are the integrated interpretation results predicting open fracturing zones in prospecting and exploration well locations.

Small Microseismic Surface Acquisition System for oilfield monitoring is presented. Algorithms for data processing are based on the mathematical theory of inverse problems and the using of the supercomputer calculations. A distinctive feature of the suggested system is high mobility, compactness and universality. The technology based on the this acquisition system is intended not only for hydraulic fracturing monitoring but also for long-duration passive monitoring of fluid injection, for hydrocarbon drainage area estimation and for oilfield block structure mapping. Case Study has more than 50 examples.