The work presents the electron spectra in the ionization of negative atomic ions in the interaction with the electromagnetic fi eld of attosecond pulses in comparison with the spectra of rescattering, the dependence of the spectra of rescattering on the number of oscillations of the fi eld in the pulse.

The authors have developed a nonperturbative method of calculating energy losses of fast heavy structured ions in their collisions with two-atomic molecules taking into account all possible excitations and ionizations of both projectile and target. The contribution of multiplicity of collisions and alignment effects (orientation of the molecular axis towards the projectile direction) to the processes of the projectile energy losses are calculated. The one-electron loss and cross sections of the Fe25+ ions in collisions with a nitrogen molecule N2 are calculated by way of example.

Impact of the ultrashort electromagnetic pulses on the atom leads to shake-up of the latter and entails different inelastic processes inside the atom. This is accompanied by the braking reemission of the ultrashort electromagnetic pulse. This paper deals with the connection between the spectrum of reemitted ultrashort pulse photons and the transition of the atomic electrons into certain states. Partial spectrums of reemission allow to relate the directivity diagrams with the probability of atoms excitation in different states.