Objective - to analyze the results of X-ray, cytomorphometric and immunohistochemistry experimental studies of bone regenerates after osteosynthesis with bioinert and calcium phosphate-coated bioactive implants. Material and methods. The study was conducted on experimental femoral neck fractures in rabbit males. Reparative osteogenesis processes were studied in groups of bioinert titanium implant osteosynthesis and calcium phosphate-coated bioactive titanium implant osteosynthesis. The animals were clinically followed-up during the postoperative period. X-ray, cytomorphometric and immunohistochemistry studies of samples extracted from femoral bones were conducted over time on days 1, 7, 14, 30 and 60. The animal experiments were kept and treated according to recommendations of international standards, Helsinki Declaration on animal welfare and approved by the local ethics committee. All surgeries were performed under anesthesia, and all efforts were made to minimize the suffering of the animals. Results. In the animal group without femoral neck fracture osteosynthesis, femoral neck pseudoarthrosis was observed at the end of the experiment. The results of cytomorphometric and immunohistochemistry studies conducted on day 60 of the experiment confirmed that the cellular composition of the bone regenerate in the group of calcium phosphate-coated bioactive titanium implants corresponded to a more mature bone tissue than in the group of bioinert titanium implants. Conclusion. The results of the statistical analysis of cytomorphometric and immunohistochemistry data show that the use of calcium phosphate-coated bioactive titanium implants allows to achieve significantly earlier bone tissue regeneration.

The purpose of this research was to study long-term results of osteosynthesis of femoral neck treatment by means of the cannulated screw and to assess the degree of shortening of the femoral neck and its effect on functional outcome. Materials and methods. Minimally invasive osteosynthesis by means of the cannulated screws was carried out in 119 patients with fractures of the femoral neck. The long-term results in 112 (94.1%) patients after osteosynthesis in terms of 1 to 3 years after surgery were analyzed. Results and discussion. Fusion of fracture was noted in 89 (79,4%) cases, non-fusion in 23 (20,6%) cases. It was established the dependence of the remote functional outcome from the degree of shortening of the femoral neck. In the presence of shortening of the femoral neck of more than 4 mm of excellent and good results were decreased considerably. The dependence of the distant functional results age of the patients was identified. The average age of patients with poor outcome was 77,3 years, with satisfactory 67,7 years, with a good 64,1 years, with excellent 55,9 years. The dependence of the remote functional outcome from the type of fracture according to Pauwels and Garden was determined. Positive results were obtained in fractures type Pauwels I-II, Garden I-II, i.e. at the support fractures and the fractures with little displacement of bone fragments. Conclusions. Minimally invasive osteosynthesis by means of the cannulated screw allows to achieve coalescence fracture in 79,4% of cases, so it may be one of the methods of choice for femoral neck fractures, but can also lead to shortening of the femoral neck.

Fractures of the femoral neck in 21 patients were treated with minimally invasive method of osteosynthesis with the help of bioactive calcium and phosphate coated cannulated screws. The research analyzes long-term results after osteosynthesis in terms of 1 to 1.5 year after the surgery. The fusion of fractures is received in 18 (85.7%) cases, nonunion in 3 (14.3%) cases. The dependence of the functional outcome on the age of patients is revealed. The average age of the patients with poor a outcome was 78.2, a with satisfactory result 73.1, with a good result 70.1, with an excellent result 65.5. Osteosynthesis of fractures of the femoral neck with the use of bioactive calcium and phosphate coated cannulated screws can achieve better functional results and fracture union at an earlier date.