The article presents the data of deformation monitoring implemented in the Baikal Rift Zone in the time of initiation of strong earthquakes using the heterodyne laser deformograph. The anomalous behavior of the semidiurnal tide wave amplitude before the region-scale earthquakes is described.

For the first time the analysis of correlation of deformation processes in spatially separated points of the Earth “Talgar” (Kazakhstan) - “Talaya” (Baikal rift zone) is carried out. The earth-wide mechanism of the excitation of superlong-period oscillations of with the period 1 hour is confirmed. About it both spectra of fluctuations, and variations in time of spectra of deformation and atmospheric fluctuations testify. The fact of interrelation between superlong-period deformation oscillations of the Earth and atmospheric pressure variations in spatially separated points is established. This fast denotes the general source of these fluctuations - shift fluctuations of the internal kernel of the Earth.

The influence of pulse pressure oscillations on the processes of transcapillary exchange in the hemodynamics has been investigated by experimental and numerical methods. The active role of microvessel walls in the mass transfer has been confirmed. On the basis of the generalized nonstationary Starling scheme patterns of transcapillary exchange with alternation of the filtration and reabsorption processes have been determined. Flows in the interstitial space have been modeled numerically. It has been established that the presence of pulsations promotes enhancement of the transcapillary exchange.

The results of many years study of physical processes in link of microhemocirculation using high sensitive physical methods are presented. Some of revealed phenomena allowed to suggest and to prove new concept of transcapillary exchange based on active interaction of blood with blood vessel.

The paper discusses singling out of a slow deformation wave of pendulum type as an after-effect of a close-spaced strong earthquake. Based on the analysis of the laser records of the deformation process and aftershocks of several strong seismic events in the Baikal Rift Zone, the authors have detected the wanted slow deformation wave with the velocity range from 0.43 m/s to 1.76 m/s.

In this paper, some results of clinical and experimental investigations of the biomechanics of pulmonary ventilation are presented. Direct visualization of the motion of non-homogenous gas media in the human respiratory system during inspiration has been obtained for the first time. The existence of the phenomenon of formation of a helical counterflow of gas media at pulmonary ventilation has been proved experimentally. The results obtained can serve as a basis for the development of new methods of controlled respiration and special apparatuses for use in clinical medicine: anesthesiology, resuscitation, and intensive care.

Introduction The purpose of this paper is to confirm clinically and experimentally the concept of helical countercurrent flow of gas media at pulmonary ventilation proposed by the authors earlier [1, 2]. The reason for the creation of the new concept was the detected contradictions in traditional concepts of the motion of gas media in the respiratory system. In the traditional concepts of pulmonary ventilation biomechanics, the replacement of gas media in the non-flow-through pulmonary ventilation system is realized due to irregular convective transport. In this model of pulmonary ventilation, the replacement of inspired fresh air by used expired air cannot be efficient, and must not take place at small inspiration volumes. In normal physiological conditions, however, the per cent of the carbon dioxide and oxygen in the expired volume indicated that gas exchange is much more effective than it followed from the well-known model. The idea of helical countercurrent ventilation has made it possible to resolve these contradictions. Theoretically, this idea did not contradict the physical laws of aerodynamics. Experiments with spiral deposition of tobacco smoke in cylindrical glass tubes under the action of gravity demonstrated this. In addition, peculiarities of the organization of structural elements of the pulmonary tracheobronchial tree, such as the right-twisted corrugated relief on the inner walls of air canals and the ratios between their cross-section areas at dichotomous branching, provided conditions necessary for the existence of a countercurrent helical motion. It combines two gas jets spirally embracing each other but having opposite flow velocities. To prove irrefutably the correctness of new concepts of the external respiration mechanism, it was necessary to perform a decisive experiment resulting in direct observations of regular helical motion of gas media in the respiratory system. No experimental observations on the detection of real motion of gas flows at pulmonary ventilation have been performed up to now. This paper provides a description of a method and results of clinical experiments in which direct visualization of the motion of gas media at natural pulmonary ventilation has been realized. The results of previous investigations were considered to be sufficient for the development of controlled respiration methods. Controlled respiration is widely used in anesthesiology,

In this paper, the physical mechanisms of transcapillary exchange of the living organism are investigated. Laboratory animals are the object of this investigation, and original laser and electrophysiological methods are used as experimental tools.

By means of phase-sensitive laser setup the study of detection of thermal microinhomogeneities in fluids is carried out. Presence in liquid medium small-scale unsteady thermal inhomogeneities should be appeared in local variations of an index of refraction. These variations were required to be discovered by laser sounding of a optical cell with a fluid and by registration of frequency-phase fluctuations of laser radiation has been made in water, ethylene glycol, ethanol and toluene.

Experimental investigations of the thermal diffusion motion of individual probe microparticles in various liquids have been carried out by using the phase-sensitive laser method of light-scattering spectroscopy. It has been shown that at observation times τ ≥ 1s there is a good agreement between the obtained experimental data and the well-known Einstein-Smoluchowski linear law of Brownian motion (see manuscript for equation). At small observation times τ<<1 s, the square law of motion (see manuscript for equation) is valid. The molecular cooperative mechanism of action of the liquid on a microparticle as a result of relaxation of thermal spatial inhomogeneities is discussed.

The processes of diffusion and filtration are slow, and therefore a full cycle of gas exchange and metabolism at the level of capillaries of the blood circulation system cannot be realized in such a short time. A special laser setup was created for noncontact, noninvasive investigation of microcirculation and transcapillary exchange in a living object. With the help of investigations by using this setup, a phenomenon unknown before, that of the formation of an acoustic field in the lumens of microvessels (arterioles, capillaries, and venules) was discovered. With the help of the laser method, we detected that the transverse motion of the walls of microvessels in the high-frequency range really takes place. The authors advanced the problem of active interaction of moving erythrocytes in microvessels with smooth muscle cells of their walls for the first time. In blood vessels, smooth muscle elements are packed spirally. We suggest that there exists a special mechanism of regulation of metabolic processes.

This article summarizes a study of the Brownian motion, at small temporal and spatial scales, of microparticles suspended in liquids. Using a phase-sensitive laser spectroscopy method, the thermal diffusion motion of test microparticles have been observed leading to a square law of Brownian motion at sufficiently small time scales.

New results of investigations of the structural self-organization of water in various time and space scales obtained with the help of the high-precision light scattering I laser spectroscopy developed by the authors are presented.

The results of the investigation of single latex Brownian particles by precision laser light scattering spectroscopy are presented. The law of Brownian motion at observation time less 0.01 s is found.