We examined the usefulness of subcutaneous administration of rHuEPO for anemia associated with preoperative autologous blood-donation in the fields of urology, gynecology, orthopedics, surgery 1 (cardiac surgery), and surgery 2 (gastrointestinal surgery). The present study led to the following conclusions.1. In all malignant tumor patients (13 cases) and all nonmalignant tumor patients (19 cases), target donations of 800ml and 1200ml could be taken.2. No significant decrease in Hb values in each group was observed but preoperative Hb increase in malignant tumor patients in comparison with nonmalignant tumor patients which decreased significantly.3. In 10 cases out of 12 patients (83.3%) with malignant tumor and in 16 cases out of 19 patients (84.2%) with nonmalignant tumor, allogenic transfusion could be avoided.4. No adverse effects and abnormal laboratory findings were observed in all patients including malignant tumor patients.5. The usefulness of subcutaneously administered rHuEPO for anemia associated with autologous donation was demonstrated for various surgical operations incluidng those in malignant tumor patients as well as in the fields of orthopedic and cardiac surgery.