The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of apoptosis, membrane-released microparticles (MRM) formation and cytokines production in case of lymphocyte damage in young patients with bronchial asthma, depending on body mass index. 224 people were examined. In all the patients there was done an assessment of the excessive weight and determination of obesity degree as well as clinical and functional examination; there was performed a determination of cytokines and adipokines; the lymphocytes were separated from the peripheral blood. The number of apoptotic cells was estimated in accordance with the standard protocol; the number of MRM was counted. It was found out that in case of bronchial asthma and obesity syntropy, even at a young age, more often there are patients with moderate and severe clinical course; besides, the severity of bronchial-obstructive syndrome in patients of this group is more significant with the tendency to decrease in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC. In the group of young patients with obesity combined with bronchial asthma in the peripheral blood there was imbalance of both adipokines and cytokines, characterized by evident increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory leptin, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, and the decrease in potential body weight regulator IL-15, and at the same time low levels of anti-inflammatory adiponectin. In patients with obesity, the percentage of cells in apoptosis was significantly lower compared to both those in control with obesity and patients with normal body weight. The number of MRM, as cell damage indicator, significantly increased in the group with obesity. It can be assumed that the imbalance of cytokines, adipokines and mechanisms of programmed cell death is a possible pathogenetic factor in asthma and obesity syntropy.

Indicators of quality of life, the level of asthma control and the risk of exacerbations in 78 patients of a young age with moderate asthma taking a basic anti-inflammatory therapy and not having an exacerbation of the disease for at least two months before including to the study were assessed. The survey was conducted using special questionnaires AQLQ, SF-36, ACT, ACQ. Morisky-Green test was used to assess adherence to treatment. Lung function was studied using spirometry, bodypletismography. Young patients with moderate asthma had an insufficient level of disease control. Full control of asthma was recorded in 14.1% of patients; partially-controlled asthma was noted in 59%; uncontrolled asthma was registered in 26.9%. Decrease of asthma is accompanied by a decrease in the quality of life indices based on the results of questionnaires AQLQ, SF-36. Clinical and functional parameters, quality of life and adherence to therapy are interrelated with the level of control over the symptoms of asthma.