In current work, we for the first time studied the antimicrobial activity of representatives of mold fungi, which occupy a rather specific ecological niche, since they are destructors of tempera painting materials. We screened 24 molds that had previously been isolated from exhibits and in the halls of the State Tretyakov Gallery and for which the ability to destroy materials used in tempera painting and scientific restoration was shown. Screening for antimicrobial activity was carried out against a panel of 16 test cultures, characteristic for identifying activities of various types. The strains exhibited activity, including against Staphylococcus aureus INA 00761 (MRSA), S. aureus FDA 209P (MSSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Mycobacterium smegmatis VKPM Ac-1339, M. smegmatis mc2 155 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides VKPM B-4177. Among the studied paint-degrading fungi, strains Simplicillium lamellicola STG-96, Cerarobasidium sp. STG-324, Penicillium sp. STG-327 and Penicillium sp. STG-344 turned out to be the most promising for further research related to the determination what specific highly active compounds they produce.

We explored the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy and SERS for the analysis of molds using the example of strains collected from exhibits of the State Tretyakov Gallery. The fungi contained in the samples were cultivated on the surface of aluminum oxide substrates containing plasmonic nanostructures based on silver and gold nanoparticles. The mapping of samples using Raman spectroscopy made it possible to visualize the distribution of organic substances contained in mold fungi. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for the identification of fungi, including those that destroy cultural heritage.

We performed comparative analysis of the influence of exogenous polyamines on the dynamics of cephalosporin C (CPC) production and gene expression in industrial and laboratory stains of Acremonium chrysogenum ATCC 11550 and VCM F-4081D, differing more than hundred-fold in the rate of CPC biosynthesis. The colony growth was stimulated by 5mM 1,3-diaminopropane (1,3-DAP) and 5mM spermidine (SP) in both strains on solid medium. The fermentation of VCM F-4081D with 5mM SP increases the production of CPC by 10-15% after 144h of cultivation. This increase correlates with expression activation of regulatory (laeA u adoMetDC) and "early" CPC biosynthesis genes (pcbAB, pcbC, cefD2) studied at early stages (24 h) of cultivation of A. chrysogenum BKM F-4081D.