The aim of the study was to study the etiology and clinical manifestations of acute intestinal infections (AII) in children aged 1 month to 18 years old who were hospitalized in the infectious diseases ward of a Moscow city hospital in 2016—2018.A retrospective analysis of 9076 case histories was performed. Etiological interpretation was carried out using bacteriological examination of feces, latex agglutination reaction, immunochromatographic analysis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), serological reactions (indirect hemagglutination test).The majority of children hospitalized with AII (62.2%) were 1—6 years of age. The etiology of AII was deciphered in 32% of cases. Acute intestinal infections of viral etiology prevail (64%), among them — rotavirus (73%), less often — norovirus (21%). AII of bacterial etiology accounted for only 14%, among them salmonellosis remains significant (5.6%), and in young children — staphylococcal infection (1.7%). There were also mixed infections (22%), mainly of viral and bacterial etiology. Noteworthy is the increase in the frequency of occurrence of bacterial AII in the winter season. The leading topical diagnosis in the vast majority of patients (85.1%) was gastroenteritis with the development of exsiccosis (77.6%).

Two clinical observations of measles in sisters old 1 year 10 months and 3 years and 8 months have been described. Measles was severe with the development of an early complication in the form of severe bilateral community-acquired pneumonia with pulmonary edema and severe respiratory failure 2 degrees, which required treatment in the intensive care unit. At the sisters measles proceeded on the background of persistent herpetic (cytomegalovirus and HHV-6) infections, and at older sister measles was on the background of pyoderma. Measles was confirmed by detection of specific IgM by ELISA. The sisters were not vaccinated against measles and had home contact with a younger sister who had an infection with a clinical of measles.

Objective: to study the clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute intestinal infections of bacterial etiology in hospitalized children, depending on the etiology, age, topic of the lesion, and complications.A cohort clinical study of 570 children hospitalized from January to October 2019 in the infectious wards of Children's Clinical Hospital No.9 in Moscow was conducted. Studies included routine laboratory methods, bacteriological analysis of feces, Latex test, ELISA, PCR to detect pathogens, serological reactions to detect specific antibodies in blood serum. Two groups of patients were specially formed to compare the features of the course of bacterial diarrhea without hemorrhagic colitis (n = 111) and with hemorrhagic colitis (n = 125).Among 33.2% of cases of deciphered etiology of bacterial diarrhea, Salmonella was isolated in 14.6%, Campylobacter — in 4.7%, Shigella — in 3%, in other cases — conditionally pathogenic flora. Salmonellosis and Сampylobacteriosis with the same frequency are recorded in children in the age groups of 1—3 and 3—7 years, in half of the patients proceed as enterocolitis (58 and 52%, respectively). Shigellosis is diagnosed in children older than 1 year of life with the same frequency in age groups 1—3, 3—7 and older than 7 years, a third of patients (35%) develop severe forms.In most cases (83.2%), a complicated course of bacterial diarrhea was detected, more often dehydration 1 and 2 degrees (36.5%), acute respiratory viral infections (19.6%), mesadenitis (11.2%), community-acquired pneumonia (4.6%).Enterocolitis is the topic of lesion in half of the children, and every 5th patient develops hemorrhagic colitis (21.9%). In 44% of cases of established etiology of hemorrhagic colitis, Salmonella was confirmed. Hemocolitis also develops more often with shigellosis, campylobacteriosis and clostridiosis. In the group of bacterial diarrhea with hemorrhagic colitis, significant differences were revealed compared with the group without hemocolitis: by the frequency of development in children under 3 years of age; by the duration of treatment in a hospital; by the frequency of mesadenitis; by the content of stab neutrophils in the hemogram, reflecting a more pronounced inflammation in hemorrhagic colitis.Thus, bacterial diarrhea in children remains relevant due to the severity of inflammation, the incidence of complicated course and hemorrhagic colitis, which requires hospitalization.

A retrospective analysis of the etiological structure and clinical manifestations of acute intestinal infections was conducted in 8459 children hospitalized in a specialized infectious disease department at the Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9 in Moscow, in 2015—2017 based on the study of statistical reports of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9 for 2015—2017 and 2417 case histories of children aged 1 month to 18 years old.It was found that children with age 1—7 years of age (58.5%) are more likely to have acute intestinal infections and are hospitalized. The etiological interpretation of acute intestinal infections remains at a low level and is 28.6%. The leading causative agents of acute intestinal infections are viruses (83%), mainly rotaviruses (62%), less often noroviruses (18%). Topical diagnosis in the vast majority of patients with acute intestinal infections was gastroenteritis (74.7%), which leads to the development of toxicosis with exsiccosis, especially in young children, which is the reason for hospitalization in the hospital. The share of bacterial diarrhea is small (17%), among them salmonella is significant, and in young children — staphylococcal infection. In recent years, the relevance of identifying campylobacter and clostridium, these pathogens may be the cause of the development of diarrhea with hemoccolitis.

The article presents the results of the study of the etiological structure and clinical features of acute intestinal infections of viral, bacterial and mixed etiology in children hospitalized in a specialized department of Children's Clinical Hospital №9 named G. N. Speransky, city of Moscow in 2008—2016. It was found that during 9 years of follow-up, the number of hospitalized patients with acute intestinal infections does not have an obvious tendency to decrease. More than half of hos-pitalized patients are children 1—7 years old. Among the reasons for acute intestinal infections of established etiology, viral agents (rotaviruses and noroviruses) prevail. Among bacterial intestinal infections, the most urgent are salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis and staphylococcal infection.