The factors leading to an increase in the mechanical stress in the winding of solenoids are considered on the example of a thin-walled magnet with a multi-turn quasiforce-free winding. This example is compared with an ideal system in the form of a solenoid with unlimited length and continuous current distribution. A method for measuring submicron-sized dynamic deformations of the winding in a pulsed field has been developed and verified by comparing experiment results and calculations. Numerical modelling allowed us to distinguish the influence of local edge effects determined by characteristics of the field distribution in the inter-turn gaps. Numerical calculations have shown how the mechanical properties of the material surrounding the coil affect the stress in the winding. The possibility of reducing the stress by increasing Young's modulus of the material was confirmed. The influence on the strength of axial forces that arise near the edges of the turns and lead to compression of the turns in the axial direction is revealed.
The efficiency of using a diamagnetic screen with inertial retention in a non-destructive quasi-force-free magnet of a small volume (with a characteristic dimension about 10 cm 3 ) for generating a superstrong magnetic field with a pulse duration of about 10 µs is shown. A configuration of the magnet was developed, in which the end part of the winding is balanced due to the fact that the screen virtually does not move during the discharge. Mechanical stresses in the winding were calculated, and it was demonstrated that mechanical strength of the winding can be ensured in a field with magnetic flux density up to 100 T. Calculations of the heating of the winding were performed and the possibilities of its reduction to an acceptable level are indicated.
The efficiency of using a diamagnetic screen with inertial retention in a non-destructive quasi-force-free magnet of a small volume (with a characteristic dimension about 10 cm^3 ) for generating a superstrong magnetic field with a pulse duration of about 10 µs is shown. A configuration of the magnet was developed, in which the end part of the winding is balanced due to the fact that the screen virtually does not move during the discharge. Mechanical stresses in the winding were calculated, and it was demonstrated that mechanical strength of the winding can be ensured in a field with magnetic flux density up to 100T. Calculations of the heating of the winding were performed and the possibilities of its reduction to an acceptable level are indicated.
The role of azimuthal forces as a factor hindering the manufacture of quasi-force-free magnet windings is shown. It is established that these forces are caused by the transverse magnetic field that arises due to deviations of a real winding from the calculated configuration. Model experiments confirmed the existence of a transverse field and showed the possible correction of the magnetic system. For this purpose, we propose to use additional unclosed conducting screens (compensators).
Results of numerical modeling and experiments, which confirm the possibility of greatly decreasing the mechanical stresses in the equilibrated magnet winding compared with the usually implemented winding, are presented. An increase in the specific energy capacity of the inductive energy store is pointed out in case of using such winding in it. The possibilities of correction upon the violation of the equilibrium in the actual magnet winding because of the deviation of its configuration from the calculated one are shown.
Method of the nonferrous metals separation with respect of their mass density using the pulsed electromagnetic field is suggested in this paper. The nonferrous metals separator based on this method is presented. Results of test experiments on the real scrap obtained from the metal scrap utilizing plant are described. (3 pages)
The prototype of magnetopulse separator is developed also. The technology of automatic extraction of nonferrous metal from the littered melting metal scrap with simultaneous separation on density (sorting aluminium and its alloys from copper and copper and zinc alloys) is developed. The offered method of separation for processing the industrial and household waste products polluted by nonferrous metal (for example, old refrigerators, washing machines, automobile and lorries, household waste products with the contents of beer jars etc.) can be used.
Разработана технология автоматического извлечения цветного металла из засоренного металлического лома при одновременной сепарации по плотности (отделение алюминия и его сплавов от меди, медных и цинковых сплавов). Предложенный метод сепарации может быть использован для обработки промышленных и бытовых отходов, загрязненных цветным металлом (например, старых холодильников, стиральных машин, легковых и грузовых автомобилей, бытовых отходов в виде пивных банок и т.п.). Разработанопытныйобразецмагнитно-импульсногосепаратора.