Introduction: progression of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) on olaparib may diminish the efficacy of subsequent chemotherapy in recurrent disease setting. However, the impact of progression of EOC during maintenance therapy with olaparib after frontline therapy has not been well studied.Materials and methods: this retrospective study enrolled patients of BRCA / HRD + FIGO stage III–IV EOC with confirmed progressive disease after frontline treatment treated since 2014 until 2022 who either received (arm A) or not (arm B) olaparib as maintenance therapy. To ensure the balance of the compared groups during the study propensity score matching analysis was conducted (cardinality method using MatchIT package in R) with 1:1 ratio of patients in trial arms. The groups were balanced according to the presence of residual tumor after initial treatment, the duration of platinum-free interval after the frontline therapy, secondary local therapy for recurrent disease, treatment with platinum drugs for relapse and subsequent bevacizumab. The primary endpoint of the study was progression-free survival (PFS).Results: the initial population consisted of 259 patients, after the matching procedure 76 patients were enrolled in the study. The median age of patients was 48 years in the arm A and 50 years in the arm B (p = 0.989), 12 (32 %) had FIGO stage IV in both arms (p = 1.000), 25 (66 %) patients in both arms had platinum-free interval ≥ 12 months. With a median follow-up of 42.8 mo. (0.6–70.1 months) median PFS was 6.9 (95 % CI 6.2–10.6 months) and 12.2 (95 % CI 9. 6–21.3 months) in arm A and B, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 2.89; 95 % CI 1.63–5.12; p < 0.001). Median overall survival was 23.2 months. and 68.2 mo., respectively (HR 4.15; 95 % CI 1.62–10.6).Conclusion: efficacy of subsequent chemotherapy is apparently reduced following progression of BRCA / HRD + EOC on maintenance olaparib therapy in frontline setting. Further trials should assess optimal approaches for these patients.

Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease and is the leading cause of mortality among all gynecological malignancies. The disease is characterized by a high frequency of germline and somatic mutations in BRCA1/2 suppressor genes, which, according to various sources, occur in 10–27 % of all ovarian cancer cases. Determination of mutations in BRCA1 / 2 genes is a mandatory diagnostic criteria and includes performing next generation sequencing. Knowledge of the disease mutational status is important not only in the case of determining treatment plan, but also in the case of prevention of the other malignant neoplasms. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current data on the disease characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of BRCA-associated ovarian cancer. Also, the article presents data from a non-interventional multicenter OvATAR study to assess the prevalence of germline and somatic mutations in BRCA1 / 2 genes in the Russian patient population.

Background. Treatment results for the patients with stage II–III triple negative breast cancer (TN BC) have to be improved. Not only the new treatment regimens, but new predictive and prognostic factors should to be developed.Materials and methods. We included 98 patients with stage II–III TN BC in our study. We studied efficacy and safety of PlaTax regimen (cisplatin 75 mg / m2 day 1 + paclitaxel 80 mg / m2 days 1, 8, 15, course every 4 weeks) in this cohort of patients. We assessed pathologic response, survival and factors, which were relevant for predicting response and prognose survival.Results. PlaTax regimen is characterized by high efficacy and tolerable toxicity. Clinical efficacy was 85.8 %, pCR achievement was 60.5 %, tpCR achievement was 58.1 %. The regimen has low haematological toxicity (neutropenia III–IV grades – 4.1 %); the most frequent adverse events were polyneuropathy (18.5 %) and decreased renal function (24.5 %). 3-year progression-free survival was 68.4 %, most of the relapses (92 %) occurred during first 2 years. 3 year overall survival was 77.6 %. The most relevant predictive factor was level of Ki-67 ≥50 % (pCR 38.5 % vs. 68.7 %, p = 0.038). pCR achievement was the most important prognostic factor, resulting in improved 3-year progressionfree survival (44.3 % vs. 89.1 %, p <0.0001), and 3-year overall survival (61.5 % vs. 91.6 %, p = 0.001). Not only the residual disease, but also the size of residual tumor was important from prognostic point of view. Other important prognostic factors were size of the tumor, status of regional lymph nodes, grade. Delay in surgical treatment more than a month lead to decreased 3-year progression-free survival: 87.1 % vs. 62.5 % (p = 0.047).Conclusions. Our data suggest that studied regimen could be an option for patients with stage II–III TN BC. The assessment of the predictive and prognostic factors will help improve the treatment results for patients with stage II–III TN BC.

The HannaH study showed that neoadjuvante-adjuvant subcutaneous and intravenous trastuzumab have similar efficacy and tolerability in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer. The analysis of the results of the subcutaneous and intravenous trastuzumab usage in Russian population showed the favorable association between tpCR anf EFS. tpCR achiviement is associated with clinical benefit in HER2 positive breast cancer. For patients with difficult venous access who do not require intravenous chemotherapy currently, Subcutaneous trastuzumab allows to receive effective treatment without the risk of complications, which involves catheterization of a Central vein.

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of death among all cancers in Russia. Progression-free and overall survival cannot be drastically changed by current therapeutic approaches. There is a strong need in new drugs for that disease. Teysuno has demonstrated its efficacy in treatment of advanced gastric cancer and some other cancers. The more drugs we obtain for clinical practice the more opportunities we can offer for these patients.

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of death among all cancers in Russia. Progression-free and overall survival cannot be drastically changed by current therapeutic approaches. There is a strong need in new drugs for that disease. Teysuno has demonstrated its efficacy in treatment of advanced gastric cancer and some other cancers. The more drugs we obtain for clinical practice the more opportunities we can offer for these patients.

Внедрение в клиническую практику большого количества эффективных схем цитостатической терапии позволило, с одной стороны, сделать излечимыми ряд злокачественных опухолей, ранее считавшихся фатальными (герминогенные опухоли, лейкозы, лимфомы и т.д.), с другой – поставило перед клиницистами новые задачи, обусловленные необходимостью улучшения качества жизни больных и преодоления токсичности проводимой терапии.Подавление кроветворной функции костного мозга, приводящее к развитию лейкопении, тромбоцитопении и анемии, является одним из наиболее частых и опасных побочных явлений противоопухолевого лечения.Открытие цитокинов, участвующих в регуляции кроветворения, стало значимым событием в медицинской науке, а рекомбинантные технологии сделали их доступными для клинического использования с целью стимуляции гемопоэза, поврежденного опухолью и/или воздействием цитостатической терапии.

Studying the role of thymidilate synthetase (TS) and thymidine Phosphorylase (TP) in tumor tissue is important for the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy of gastric cancer patients. We revealed TS and TP expression in tumor cells in 65.4% and 69.2% of gastric cancer patients, respectively. High TS expression in primary tumor had direct correlation with TP in tumor (p=0.008) and stromal (p=0.036) cells. Expression of TP in tumor (p=0.001) and stromal (p=0.006) cells is a favorable prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy including 5-fluorouracil/ leucovorin. Further studies to prove the findings are required.