The article updates the long-range action effect in the formation of nanostructured topocomposites under the conditions of the ion-plasma impact. The authors study the features of the concentration dependences of the distribution of elements in the boundary layers in the formation of the two-layer system "film-base". They determine that under the conditions of the implementation of the cascade cross-effect at considerable depths in the material of the hard-alloy base, locally inhomogeneous areas are formed, resulting in an increase in the microhardness of the material. Within the framework of the worked out simulation model, the study of factors contributing to the manifestation of the long-range action effect is undertaken. The contribution to the change of concentration dependences of the temperature, different diffusion mechanisms and the pressure gradient is established and differentiated. Based on the synthesis and analysis of the dynamics of the competing processes of "deceleration - acceleration" of the diffusion, the explanation to the formation of the hardened sublayers in the hard-alloy base of topocomposites and their role in the manifestation of the long-range action effect is offered.

The article proposes an approach to solving the problem of increasing fretting resistance of lock joints of blades for gas turbine engines through the creation of nanostructured topocomposites with the surface layers in a metastable state having a low shear stability in terms of vibrofriction. The authors implement the method of vacuum combined ion-plasma processing, which allows forming the surface layers of the material with mixed amorphous-nanocrystal structure and purposeful controlling the surface morphology. They show that the proposed flow diagram allows developing the required morphology from the arrays of nano-sized conglomerates of the “asperity – cavity” type on the surface. A comparative study of fretting resistance of nanostructured topocomposites in terms of vibrofriction is carried out. It is established that the specificity of their wear is to reduce the wear rate at the initial stage.

The article considers physico-technological aspects of receiving nanostructural topocomposite coatings in terms of the cascade cross effect based on the special cathodic system, making possible ionic-plasma processing simultaneously with the use of three cathodes in a pulse mode. The authors carry out theoretical and experimental researches of forming concentration profiles of element distribution in surface layers of the bilayer "film-base" system. They determine the features of mass transfer processes developing in response to cascade cross effect. It is demonstrated that due to the mutual diffusion of the film and the base elements in the field of the phase boundary in the "film-base" system a transition area is formed. Its dimensions can be associated with the thickness of the nanofilm. The authors give an example of receiving a multilayer nanostructural composition in terms of cascade cross effect.

The nonlinear kinetic phenomena during shaping of volume-charge polarization in hydrogen bonded crystals (HBC) is investigated by the methods of quasi - classical kinetic theory. From the solution of the nonlinear system of equations, Fokker - Planck and Poisson, in case of blocking electrodes, it is established that the mathematical description of the relaxation of polarization in HBC, in the region of weak fields (100-1000 kV/m) and high temperatures (T > 350 K) linear approximation of the perturbation theory is sufficient. The coefficients of diffusion and mobility are calculated with respecting of both transitions mechanisms (thermally activated and tunneling) of the protons through potential barrier of parabolic shape. Proton - proton and proton - phonon interaction is not considered. The proposed scheme for solving the kinetic equation can be applied to other, similar to the HBC type and properties of the crystal lattice crystals with ionic conductivity.

Локально-неравновесная теория с учетом пространственно-временной нелокальности применена для анализа распределения примесных атомов в приповерхностных слоях бинарных систем после высокоскоростного затвердевания расплава. Модельные результаты сопоставляются с некоторыми литературными экспериментальными данными.

The nonisothermal mass transfer in metal materials under irradiation with concentrated energy fluxes is studied in the one-dimensional approximation. Local nonequilibrium equations of extended irreversible thermodynamics are used to describe the transfer phenomena. It is established that, for short times (on the order of the time required for relaxation of the diffusion flow to its local-equilibrium value), the wave mechanism for mass transfer is dominant over the diffusion one, ensuring that the impurity-concentration profiles have a nonmonotonous form. The degree of influence of the space-time nonlocality of the transfer processes on the formation of concentration profiles is estimated, and the model results are compared with the experimental data.

Structural and phase transformations in copper and its alloys—brass and bronze, irradiated by a high-power ion beam are investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning-electron microscopy. It is established that the phase reconstruction in brass is caused by the partial removal of zinc from the surface and its diffusion toward the surface from deeper surface layers. Copper and bronze undergo only structural transformations induced by the growth of stresses of type I, II, and III and dislocation density.

С помощью методов рентгеновской дифрактометрии и растровой электронной микроскопии исследованы структурно-фазовые изменения, происходящие под действием мощного ионного пучка в меди и ее сплавах – латуни и бронзе. Обнаружено, что фазовая перестройка в латуни связана с частичным удалением цинка с поверхности и диффузией его к поверхности из более глубоких приповерхностных слоев. В меди и бронзе происходят только структурные превращения, вызванные возрастанием напряжений I, II и III рода и увеличением плотности дислокаций.

For the formation of gradient structures with a high concentration of alloying elements in the surface layer of hard cermet alloys, combined ion-beam irradiation with different energies and compositions was used. It was established that preliminary high-power ion-beam treatment and subsequent high-dose implantation by zirconium atoms facilitate an increase in the corrosion resistance of a material.

The concentration profiles of aluminum ions in polycrystalline titanium implanted by the polychromatic beam from a vacuum arc source via a gas-and-metal film deposited on a target surface are analyzed.

The results of the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties investigations of titanium in different structural state (grain sizes 0,1 mu m; 1,4 mu m; 15 and 38 mu m) after the Al ions implantation using Diana-2 source at dose of irradiation 5.10(17) ion/cm(2) and an accelerating voltage 60 keV are presented. A dependence of depth penetration implanted aluminum ions in polycrystalline titanium from the grain size initial samples is analyzed. Influence of the graine sizes and ion implantation regimes on structural state and phase composition and mechanical properties was observed.

The dependence of the depth of penetration of implanted aluminum atoms into polycrystalline titanium on the grain size of initial target samples is analyzed. The irradiation was carried out by a pulse-frequency ion beam of a Diana-2 source. The increase in the modified layer thickness to 250 nm with decreasing grain size in the initial material is revealed. In the interpretation of the observed regularities, we take into account the energetically inhomogeneous composition of a beam represented by three components and probable intense sputtering of the target surface by ions. In terms of the simulation, it is found that, in samples with relatively fine grains, a significant contribution to the formation of the depth profiles of implanted atoms comes from the radiation-induced diffusion; in samples with coarse grains, it comes from the diffusion along migrating extended defects, which appear and rearrange themselves in the process of ion implantation.

A physical and mathematical model of mass transfer in polycrystalline metallic materials under exposure to ion beams is proposed. Alongside bulk indiffusion from the irradiated surface, diffusion along the migrating extensive defects interacting with an impurity is considered. For a polyenergetic ion beam, the contribution of bulk indiffusion is presented as an integral over energy of the product of two functions; one of them describes the energy distribution of ions in a beam and the second represents the implantation profile of monoenergetic ion beam.