The aim of the investigation was to assess the efficacy of the 3D reconstruction of the alveolar bone by means of guided bone regeneration based on computer-assisted 3D planning using a resorbable dental membrane.Materials and Methods. 35 practically healthy patients without a marked concomitant somatic pathology with a diagnosis of "partial teeth loss complicated by alveolar bone atrophy" took part in the study. All patients underwent reconstructive operations to eliminate the defects and restore the alveolar bone volume using guided bone regeneration procedure and resorbable dental membranes. Planning and operations were performed according to the developed unified protocol including computer-assisted 3D operation planning and fabrication of intraoperative templates for dental membranes using 3D prototyping.Results. The developed method of computer-assisted 3D operation planning and fabrication of intraoperative templates for dental membranes using 3D prototyping has proved to be effective as it reduces the time of operative intervention, excludes the risk of forming a smaller membrane of inadequate shape, gives the required bone volume.Conclusion. The proposed method of computer-assisted 3D operation planning and fabrication of intraoperative templates for dental membranes using 3D prototyping allows surgeons to improve the precision of the guided bone regeneration operations, to diminish the intraoperative time of membrane adaptation, and avoid the possibility of its mispositioning. At the same time, application of the resorbable dental membrane increases the efficacy of the 3D alveolar bone reconstruction.

The aim of the investigation was to develop a technology of manufacturing bone implants based on a hybrid polymer construction composed of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and sodium alginate for guided bone regeneration using 3D printing method.Materials and Methods. Complex shaped bone implants based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and sodium alginate were manufactured by the method of two-stage leaching using a mold obtained by 3D printing. The appearance, morphology and structure of the obtained scaffolds were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy. Biocompatibility in vivo was determined based on the histology data of scaffolds implantation as bone substitutes.Results. The study of the developed hybrid 3D scaffolds from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and sodium alginate showed that they perform a restrictive function providing conditions for regeneration of flat cranial bones in rats.Conclusion. The developed hybrid 3D scaffolds do not interfere with normal osteogenesis and provide beneficial conditions for regeneration.

The aim of the investigation is to assess in vivo the efficiency of a new osteoplastic non-demineralized collagen-based material containing vascular endothelial growth factor in bone defect replacement. Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on 16 chinchilla rabbits. A new material under study was developed by Close Joint Stock Company Proteinsynthesis (Moscow) to replace bone defects. Non-demineralized bone collagen in the form of crumbs (LLC Research and Production Company VITAFORM, Moscow) taken as a basis was saturated with vascular endothelial growth factor according to an original technique. The defect was made in iliac bone crest. Results. A new biocomposite material based on non-demineralized bone collagen saturated with vascular endothelial growth factor for bone defect replacement was stated to have osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties and potentiate neoangiogenesis. The material is able to induce bone tissue regeneration more effectively compared to non-modified collagen matrix mainly due to circulatory bed formation in regeneration area.