OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the possibility of improving the effectiveness of early postoperative healing in patients after surgical interventions on periodontal tissues due to the topical application of alginate plates with a complex of antimicrobial peptides and cytokines. MATERIALS AND METHODS:40 patients who underwent periodontal surgery were examined: operations aimed at bone tissue regeneration; mucogingival operations (elimination of gum recession), corticotomy with osteoplasty, apical surgery. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 people (main and control). At the end of the operation, alginate plates with a complex of antimicrobial peptides and cytokines were applied to the surgical intervention area to the main group. Further, 2-3 times a day, it was recommended to apply them independently for 10-14 days, after antiseptic treatment. In the control group, they were limited to double treatment with 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate solution daily for two weeks. Follow-up examinations and evaluation of the index of early wound healing, as well as indicators of postoperative pain, bleeding and edema were carried out on day 3, 7, 14. RESULTS:In all patients in the early postoperative period, positive dynamics of healing were observed, however, in the main group, pain indicators, as well as bleeding and swelling, according to a patient survey, were less pronounced. The early wound healing index was also more positive in the main group - on days 3, 7 and 14 there was a more intense decrease. (1.9 points.,1.5 points., 1.2 points., respectively, and in the control group 2.3 points., 2.1 points., 1.9 points.). CONCLUSION:Local application of alginate plates with a complex of antimicrobial peptides and cytokines in the early postoperative period allows to improve early wound healing after surgical interventions on periodontal tissues, and can be recommended for use at a dental appointment, as well as for use at home.

A clinical case of elimination of the recession of the interdental papilla of class 4 according to Tarnow and Norland with the help of mucogingival plastic surgery in two stages was demonstrated. The full restoration of the volume and anatomical contour of the interdental papilla was achieved thanks to the teamwork of a periodontal dentist, an orthopedic dentist and an orthodontist.

Увеличение числа взрослых пациентов, обращающихся за ортодонтической помощью, требует тщательного планирования ортодонтического лечения. Достаточно часто анатомия зубов и пародонта не позволяет провести ортодонтическое лечение без развития осложнений. Для создания комфортных условий и облегчения движения зубов требуется хирургическая подготовка. С помощью поисковых систем Pubmed, Google search и eLibrary было найдено 206 публикаций с 2012 по 2021 г. В соответствии с критериями включения и невключения было отобрано 30 публикаций. Данные отобранных статей изложены в этом обзоре. По данным разных исследователей, уменьшение количества времени ортодонтического лечения, ассоциированного с хирургической подготовкой, варьирует от 1,5 до 4 раз по сравнению со стандартной техникой лечения. В последние десятилетия хирургическая подготовка пациентов к ортодонтическому лечению широко используется и признана эффективной.

Aim. To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with moderate chronic periodontitis with different dental pulp status by determining sRANKL, OPG and FGF-2 in mixed saliva and dynamic densitotomometry data.Materials and methods. Surgical treatment of 24 patients with moderate chronic periodontitis was performed. Three months before the operation, according to the indications, endodontic treatment of the examined teeth was performed in some patients. Depending on the status of the dental pulp, the patients were divided into two groups: I – patients with vital teeth, II – patients with teeth after endodontic treatment. Before and after surgery, all patients underwent clinical examination, enzyme immunoassay of saliva remodeling markers and optical densitotomometry of periodontal bone to compare the results of treatment. Results. The OHI-S index showed a significant decrease in the mean value by 12 months of observation in both groups, which was statistically significant. Higher indices of the PI index by the end of the observation period were detected in the area of depulpated teeth. An equivalent dynamics of a decrease in the value of periodontal attachment according to the CAL index was revealed in both groups after treatment. The saliva showed an equivalent decrease in sRANKL, an increase in OPG by the end of the observation period, statistically insignificant when compared between groups. FGF-2 remained undetected at any of the observation periods in all groups. Densitotomometry data indicated an increase in the density characteristics of periodontal bone by the end of observations with a stable dependence on lower values in the area of depulpated teeth. Conclusions. In the saliva of patients, the processes of periodontal bone resorption were found to be statistically equivalent in intensity, regardless of the status of the dental pulp. The absence of FGF-2 content in saliva until the end of the observation period should be considered as an indicator of periodontal healing of vital and depulpated teeth by the formation of fibrous connective tissue. Dynamic densitotomometry of alveolar bone tissue revealed statistically significantly lower density characteristics in the area of teeth with a condition after endodontic treatment.

Воспалительно-деструктивные заболевания пародонта являются одной из наиболее сложных и распространенных форм патологии и основной причиной потери зубов среди взрослого населения, поэтому разработка и внедрение новых лекарственных форм для лечения воспалительных заболеваний пародонта является актуальной задачей. Применяемые лекарственные средства растительного происхождения обладают разнообразными фармакологическими свойствами, которые могут быть полезными как антимикробные воздействия на биопленку или как иммуностимулирующие препараты. Целью работы стало обоснование эффективности растительных препаратов Тонзинал и фитопластин ЦМ-1 по результатам клинико-лабораторных исследований в биореакторе in vitro и при местном лечении пародонтита. Полученные результаты способствовали подтверждению эффективности комплексного применения препаратов растительного происхождения с целью пролонгации ремиссии заболевания, а также повышения качества оказываемой пародонтологической помощи.

The recessions of the 3 Miller class are the most difficult in the prediction of the result during surgical treatment. Such recession in the anterior region of the mandible is often combined with a small vestibule of the oral cavity. The treatment of combined pathology in the standard protocol was provided in 2 stages: correction of small vestibule of the oral cavity and elimination of the recession by the method of the coronal advanced flap.Aim. To develop the protocol of one-stage operation for patients with III miller class gum recession in combination with small vestibule.Materials and metods. Surgical protocole. after conducting anesthesia at the region of the lower teeth held tunnel access to the region of teeth with gingival recession, formed split-thikness flap, discharge below the periodontal line connection 3 mm, mobilization of the flap.The flap is fixed with sutures Polyprophylene 6-0. Taken from the palatal free gingival graft. Placed in the region of holding vestibuloplasty fixed to the periosteum of the simple suture and suturing the donor area in the palate.Results. The patients were found to have closing of the recession, the increase in the area keratinisation gums and keeping of the vestibule in the recovery area.Conclusions. The development of a new one-stage treatment of recession 3 class at Miller in combination with vestibuloplasty allows you to more quickly treat patients with this pathology.

Tissue engineering offers to restore the lost tooth using a biological analogue grown from the tooth germ. These technologies provide long-term cultivation of the germ in bioreactor in vitro. The subsequent transfer and growth of the in vitro grown tooth in the jaw is hampered by difficulty of integration of the new tooth with the host tissue. We suggested that growing tooth by homotopic transplantation in situ, that is, immediately in the jaw passing the in vitro stage will help to solve these problems. The aim of the work was to test the hypothesis. The principal possibility of transfer of the tooth germ directly into the jaw and cultivation in situ eliminating the stage in vitro is shown. The results showed a good integration of the grown teeth with the jaw without signs of inflammation and with the appearance of blood vessels in the pulp. At the same time, the results also showed the necessity to improve the preparation of tooth germs for transplantation and surgical procedures.

Relevance:Inflammatory-destructive periodontal diseases are the most complicated and became the main cause of tooth loss in adult population. Herbal medicines have a variety of pharmacological properties, so the development and introduction of new forms for the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases is an urgent task today.Purpose– experimental evaluation of effectiveness of the use of herbal medicines “Tonzinal” and “CM-1” in relation to the priority periodontal pathogenes.Materials and methods:in experimental studies, the basis for the experiment was the system for the cultivation of microorganisms in real time – the Revers-Spinner RTS-1 bioreactor. With the priority strains of periodontitis pathogens, the study of the growth dynamics of the culture was carried out in several parallels.Results:herbal medicines “CM-1” and “Tonsinal” has a multilateral therapeutic effect, exerting a diverse influence on the key stages of development of such bacterial populations as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus constellatus, Candida albicans.Conclusion:tan integrated approach in the treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases is promising and will contribute to a more prolonged remission and increase the effectiveness of treatment.

Потеря зубов приводит к нарушению обработки пищи, ухудшает эстетический вид и в целом здоровье и качество жизни индивида. Главными причинами заболеваний и потери зубов являются повреждение эмали и кариес. Недостатки современных методов лечения повреждений эмали породили идею о выращивании биологических эквивалентов этой ткани. При этом стало очевидным, что восстановить полноценную эмаль можно только с учетом законов естественного развития этой ткани. В обзоре рассмотрены механизмы естественного амелогенеза, а затем на основе понимания этих механизмов проанализирована возможность разработки технологии восстановления эмали с помощью роботической 3D биопечати тканей in situ. Эти технологии могут обеспечить серьезные преимущества, например, увеличат до пожизненного срок годности «биопломбы»; решат проблему герметичности между новой и старой эмалью и снизят риски развития вторичного кариеса и других осложнений; снизят негативные последствия «человеческого фактора», и др. Есть основания полагать, что технологии роботической 3D биопечати in situ позволят восстанавливать не только отдельные ткани зуба, но и целый зуб и в значительной степени заменят существующие методы протезирования зубов. Loss of teeth leads to disruption of food processing, worsens the aesthetic appearance and generally, the health and quality of life of the individual. The major causes of diseases and tooth loss are damage to the enamel and caries. Limitations of current methods for treatment of enamel damage gave birth to the idea of growing biological equivalents of this tissue. At the same time, it became obvious that it is possible to regenerate the enamel only taking into account the laws of natural development of this tissue. The review focuses on mechanisms of natural amelogenesis, and then based on understanding of these mechanisms, analyzes a possibility of developing a technology for regeneration of enamel by means of in situ robotic 3D bioprinting of tissues. Such technologies might provide some serious benefits, for example, prolong the shelf life of dental biofillings to a lifetime; solve the problem of tightness between the new and old enamel and reduce the risk of developing secondary caries and other complications, etc. There is a reason to believe that the technology of in situ robotic 3D bioprinting will allow to restore not only tooth tissues, but also the whole tooth and largely replace the existing methods of dental prosthetics.